一、完形填空
Let me tell you about a very famous school in Chinese history—Yingtianfu Academy. This school was one of the four great schools in ancient China. Later, it 1 its name into the “Nanjing Guozijian”.
Students at Yingtianfu Academy had a(n) 2 life. They woke up early in the morning to practise calligraphy(书法) and read books. They studied 3 like Chinese, history, and something else. They also learned 4 to write poems and articles.
Students at Yingtianfu Academy took part in all kinds of 5 as well, like debates(辩论) and shows. They often learned from each other, 6 some of them became good friends later.
Fan Zhongyan was a famous student from this school. He 7 5 years studying here. He worked very hard and often 8 late. During this time, he became 9 writing poems. He wrote hundreds of great poems. Today, we still read and enjoy many of them. Later, he worked as a 10 here. What the students learned from him helped shape(塑造) their future. Some of his students later became great people to work for the country.
1. A. called B. changed C. used D. told
2. A. hard B. free C. busy D. exciting
3. A. languages B. books C. science D. subjects
4. A. where B. what C. when D. how
5. A. trips B. activities C. sports D. parties
6. A. because B. so C. but D. or
7. A. spent B. paid C. cost D. took
8. A. stayed up B. stood up C. got up D. dressed up
9. A. tired of B. sad about C. interested in D. surprised at
10. A. teacher B. painter C. designer D. farmer

1. B 提示:call 给……命名;change 改变;use 使用;tell 告诉。change... into... 意为“把……改成……”。句意:后来,它的名字改成了“南京国子监”。
2. C 提示:hard 困难的;free 自由的;busy 忙碌的;exciting 令人兴奋的。下文提到了学生们早起练习书法,读书,学习汉语、历史,写诗和文章等,说明学生们的生活非常忙碌。
3. D 提示:language 语言;book 书;science 科学;subject 学科。根据下文“like Chinese, history”可知,此处指学科。
4. D 提示:where 哪里;what 什么;when 什么时候;how 怎样。句意:他们也学习怎样写诗和文章。
5. B 提示:trip 旅行;activity 活动;sport 运动;party 聚会。根据下文“debates and shows”可知,应天府学院的学生也参加诸如辩论和展览之类的活动。
6. B 提示:because 因为;so 所以;but 但是;or 或者。“他们经常互相学习”和“他们中的一些人后来成了好朋友”在语义上是因果关系,前因后果,用连词so。
7. A 提示:spend 花费,主语是人,指花费时间或金钱;pay 支付,主语是人,常用于sb pay money for sth;cost 花费,主语是物,常表示某物花费某人多少钱;take 花费,主语常为it,常用于It takes/ took sb time to do sth 句型,意为“做某事花费某人多少时间”。此处指他花费了五年的时间在这里学习。sb spend time doing sth 意为“某人花费时间做某事”。
8. A 提示:stay up 熬夜;stand up 站起来;get up 起床;dress up 打扮。与空前“worked very hard”相对应的是熬夜。
9. C 提示:be tired of 对……感到厌倦;be sad about 对……感到难过;be interested in 对……感兴趣;be surprised at 对……感到惊讶。根据下文“He wrote hundreds of great poems.”可推知,他对写诗产生了兴趣。
10. A 提示:teacher 教师;painter 画家;designer 设计师;farmer 农民。根据下文“Some of his students”可推知,之后他在这里当老师。

【分析】
先通读全文，明确文章主题是介绍中国古代四大书院之一的应天府书院，以及书院学生的学习生活和著名学生范仲淹的事迹。解题时需逐题结合上下文语境、词汇词义辨析、固定搭配等知识，逐一分析选项，排除不符合语境的答案，选出最恰当的选项。
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配。change...into...意为“把……改成……”，句意为后来它的名字改成“南京国子监”，故选B。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。下文提到学生早起练习书法、读书、学习多门学科等，说明学生生活忙碌，busy符合语境，故选C。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。由下文“like Chinese, history”可知，此处指学科，subjects符合，故选D。
4. 考查疑问词辨析。句意为他们也学习怎样写诗和文章，how表示方式，故选D。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。debates（辩论）和shows（表演）属于活动，activities符合，故选B。
6. 考查连词辨析。“互相学习”和“成为好朋友”是前因后果关系，so表示结果，故选B。
7. 考查动词辨析。spend的主语是人，常用搭配spend time (in) doing sth，意为花费时间做某事，符合句意“他花了5年在这里学习”，故选A。
8. 考查动词短语辨析。由“worked very hard”可知，熬夜（stay up late）符合语境，故选A。
9. 考查形容词短语辨析。由下文“He wrote hundreds of great poems”可知，他对写诗感兴趣，be interested in符合，故选C。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。由下文“Some of his students”可知，他后来在这里当老师，teacher符合，故选A。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.C 10.A
【知识点】
词义辨析、固定搭配、上下文语境理解
【点评】
本题围绕中国古代应天府书院展开，考查学生对词汇、固定搭配及语篇逻辑的理解，是典型的完形填空基础题型，难度适中，需结合文章细节和语境分析选项。
【难度系数】
0.6