B. 阅读下面的短文,根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式(每空限填一词)。
Noodles Through Time
Why are there so many kinds of noodles? Their history may explain this.
In 2002, 51 (科学家) found a special noodle in China. It was 4,000 years old! At that time, rice was the 52 (唯一的) ingredient to make noodles. Later, wheat(小麦) came to China from the West. With it, noodles 53 (变得) even more delicious.
How about noodles in the West? People say Marco Polo carried noodles from China to Italy. In fact, someone from Middle East carried pasta there.
People around the world shared ideas about noodles: China learnt about wheat, and the West learnt about pasta. Now noodles become a star dish on 54 (菜单) all over the world. Next time when you eat noodles, 55 (想象) their journeys across mountains and seas through history!

51.scientists 52.only 53.became 54.menus 55.imagine
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【分析】
本题为根据汉语提示写单词的题型，需结合语境和语法规则确定单词的正确形式。解题时，先明确每个空对应的汉语意思，再根据句子的时态、名词单复数、词性等语法要求调整单词形式：51题需用可数名词复数表一类人；52题用形容词修饰名词；53题根据过去时间状语用动词过去式；54题用可数名词复数表泛指；55题祈使句用动词原形。
【解析】
51. 括号内“科学家”对应名词scientist，此处指多位科学家，用复数形式scientists；
52. “唯一的”对应形容词only，直接修饰名词ingredient，用原形；
53. “变得”对应动词become，结合时间状语Later（过去时间），用过去式became；
54. “菜单”对应名词menu，此处指世界各地的菜单，用复数menus；
55. “想象”对应动词imagine，本句为祈使句，用动词原形imagine。
【答案】
51.scientists 52.only 53.became 54.menus 55.imagine
【知识点】
名词的适当形式、动词的时态、形容词的用法
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的运用，结合简单语法规则即可完成，属于基础题型，适合巩固词汇和语法知识。
【难度系数】
0.8

七、语法填空(本题有5小题,每小题1分,共计5分)
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Do you know Xu Xiake once took a trip to Yandang Mountain in Wenzhou?
Here is part of his diary about $\underline{56}$ trip.
May 9th, 1632 Sunny
Today, I visited Dragon Waterfall! Local people said its water came from a lake on top of the mountain. I decided to see it myself.
Climbing the mountain was $\underline{57}$ (difficult) than I thought. I held onto some plants. Soon, my two $\underline{58}$ (hand) got hurt, but I didn't stop. When I finally got to the top, there was no lake at all! Then where does the water come from? I $\underline{59}$ (follow) the sound of water and saw small mountain streams (溪流). These streams run into Dragon Waterfall, $\underline{60}$ its water comes from small streams, not a lake on top.
If I didn't climb up myself, I wouldn't know the truth!

56.the 57.more difficult 58.hands 59.followed 60.so
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【分析】
本题为语法填空题，需结合语境、语法规则完成填空。解题思路：先通读短文理解上下文，再根据每个空的提示信息（如标志词、数词、时态等）确定合适的词或词的正确形式。56题需特指上文提到的旅行，用定冠词；57题由than判断用形容词比较级；58题由two判断用名词复数；59题根据日记的过去时态确定动词形式；60题根据前后句的逻辑关系选连词。
【解析】
56. 此处特指上文提到的徐霞客去雁荡山的那次旅行，需用定冠词the，故填the；
57. 句中出现比较级标志词than，形容词difficult是多音节词，其比较级为more difficult，故填more difficult；
58. 前面有数词two，名词需用复数形式，hand的复数是hands，故填hands；
59. 全文是1632年的日记，描述过去发生的动作，动词用一般过去式，follow的过去式是followed，故填followed；
60. 前半句说明溪流汇入瀑布，后半句解释瀑布的水来自溪流，前后是因果关系，需用连词so，故填so。
【答案】
56.the 57.more difficult 58.hands 59.followed 60.so
【知识点】
冠词用法；词形转换；连词用法
【点评】
本题以徐霞客的旅行日记为素材考查语法填空，既巩固基础语法知识，又渗透文化常识，难度适中，适合初中学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6

八、书面表达(本题有1小题,共计15分)
61.学校英语社团正在开展以“Glass Half-Full vs Glass Half-Empty”为主题的征文活动。请你根据海报内容,选择两个场景中的一个,结合自身经历谈谈你更倾向于哪种心态,写一篇短文参与投稿。

要求:(1)内容可适当发挥;(2)文中不得出现真实姓名、学校等信息;(3)60词左右,所给部分和提示词不计入总词数。
I am a (“glass half-full” person / “glass half-empty” person) when problems come. One day,
I see this little problem as a(n) (change / lesson / ... )

Possible version 1:
I am a "glass half-full" person when problems come. One day, I went travelling and it started to rain. I didn't feel sad. I just put on my raincoat and enjoyed walking in the rain with my friends. We sang songs and took beautiful photos.
I see this little problem as a special gift. The rain made the air fresh and the mountains look more beautiful. Now I think rainy days can be wonderful too!
(57 words)
Possible version 2:
I am a "glass half-full" person when problems come. One day, I got hurt while running and couldn't play with my friends. At first, I felt sad, but then I decided to draw pictures and write stories during my rest time.
I see this little problem as a chance to try new things. It showed me that even when one door closes, another opens. Now I enjoy both running and drawing!
(53 words)
写作指导
【话题点拨】
本文要求结合自身经历谈谈你更倾向于哪种心态。谈自身经历可用一般过去时,谈心态可用一般现在时。可用第一人称。
【提纲演示】
场景一:travel in the rain
开门见山 a "glass half-full" person/a "glass half-empty" person when ...
自身经历 go travelling, start to rain
not sad, put on raincoat, enjoy ... in the rain
sing songs, take photos ...
倾向心态 a special gift, make the air fresh, look more beautiful, can be wonderful
场景二:get hurt while doing sports
开门见山 a "glass half-full" person/a "glass half-empty" person when ...
自身经历 get hurt while running/can't play with friends/ decide to draw pictures/ write stories
倾向心态 a chance to try new things
When one door closes, another opens.

【分析】
本题为英语书面表达题，要求围绕“Glass Half-Full vs Glass Half-Empty”主题，从给定的两个场景中选一个，结合自身经历写作。解题思路：1. 先确定自己倾向的心态（“glass half-full”或“glass half-empty”，通常选择积极的半满心态）；2. 选定一个场景（雨中旅行或运动受伤），用一般过去时描述具体经历，对应回答“何时发生、做了什么”；3. 表达从经历中获得的感悟，体现所选心态，对应回答“学到什么”，注意控制字数约60词，不出现真实姓名、学校等信息。
【解析】
首先确定心态为“glass half-full”，选择场景“travel in the rain”：
1. 开头点明心态：I am a "glass half-full" person when problems come.
2. 描述经历：One day, I went travelling and it started to rain. I didn't feel sad. I just put on my raincoat and enjoyed walking in the rain with my friends. We sang songs and took beautiful photos.
3. 表达感悟：I see this little problem as a special gift. The rain made the air fresh and the mountains look more beautiful. Now I think rainy days can be wonderful too!
整体符合要求，语言简洁，逻辑清晰，字数约57词。
【答案】
I am a "glass half-full" person when problems come. One day, I went travelling and it started to rain. I didn't feel sad. I just put on my raincoat and enjoyed walking in the rain with my friends. We sang songs and took beautiful photos. I see this little problem as a special gift. The rain made the air fresh and the mountains look more beautiful. Now I think rainy days can be wonderful too!
【知识点】
英语书面表达，一般过去时，心态表达
【点评】
本文紧扣主题，结合自身经历体现积极乐观的半满心态，语言简洁流畅，结构清晰，符合字数要求，准确回应了写作提示的问题，是一篇符合要求的短文。
【难度系数】
0.5