情境一 鲸鱼通过固碳缓解气候变化,保护鲸鱼至关重要。
一、完形填空
There are lots of reasons for saving whales. Recently, some scientists have found a new one. Whales can help 1 carbon from the air.
Carbon can be found all over the earth. It's also in CO₂. Humans are creating lots of 2, such as CO₂, as we burn oil and other kinds of fuel. Over time, these gases collect in the air and keep heat there. This causes the 3 to rise.
To solve this problem, scientists are looking for ways to 4 the amount of CO₂ in the air. So whales may play a huge 5. In December 2023, a team of 6 announced the result of their research. It showed how saving whales could help the planet. Some small sea animals can "eat" CO₂. Whales eat a lot of these small sea animals. By eating them, whales can 7 carbon. They collect tons of carbon in their bodies every year, and most of the whales can live for about 100 years. When a whale dies, it 8 to the bottom of the ocean. All that carbon goes with it. Then the carbon stays out of the atmosphere for hundreds of years.
However, the number of whales has fallen quickly in the last 20 years. Some kinds of whales are 9. That's mostly because of
human activities. So if we take action to protect the whales, there will be more of them. And they will live 10, too, and then they can help take in much more carbon.
1. A. produce B. save
C. remove D. sort
2. A. animals B. foods
C. products D. gases
3. A. air B. temperature
C. cloud D. rain
4. A. reduce B. recycle
C. replace D. reuse
5. A. use B. trick
C. joke D. role
6. A. artists B. scientists
C. workers D. farmers
7. A. dry B. avoid
C. store D. raise
8. A. swims B. falls
C. surfs D. lands
9. A. running out B. dying out
C. cutting down D. taking away
10. A. longer B. shorter
C. older D. younger
深度阅读·选择正确的答案
11. Whales can help reduce CO₂ in the air mainly by
A. eating small sea animals that store carbon
B. breathing in CO₂ and storing it in their bodies
C. living in the ocean and cooling the air above
D. making the ocean water cleaner for plants
一、完形填空
There are lots of reasons for saving whales. Recently, some scientists have found a new one. Whales can help 1 carbon from the air.
Carbon can be found all over the earth. It's also in CO₂. Humans are creating lots of 2, such as CO₂, as we burn oil and other kinds of fuel. Over time, these gases collect in the air and keep heat there. This causes the 3 to rise.
To solve this problem, scientists are looking for ways to 4 the amount of CO₂ in the air. So whales may play a huge 5. In December 2023, a team of 6 announced the result of their research. It showed how saving whales could help the planet. Some small sea animals can "eat" CO₂. Whales eat a lot of these small sea animals. By eating them, whales can 7 carbon. They collect tons of carbon in their bodies every year, and most of the whales can live for about 100 years. When a whale dies, it 8 to the bottom of the ocean. All that carbon goes with it. Then the carbon stays out of the atmosphere for hundreds of years.
However, the number of whales has fallen quickly in the last 20 years. Some kinds of whales are 9. That's mostly because of
human activities. So if we take action to protect the whales, there will be more of them. And they will live 10, too, and then they can help take in much more carbon.
1. A. produce B. save
C. remove D. sort
2. A. animals B. foods
C. products D. gases
3. A. air B. temperature
C. cloud D. rain
4. A. reduce B. recycle
C. replace D. reuse
5. A. use B. trick
C. joke D. role
6. A. artists B. scientists
C. workers D. farmers
7. A. dry B. avoid
C. store D. raise
8. A. swims B. falls
C. surfs D. lands
9. A. running out B. dying out
C. cutting down D. taking away
10. A. longer B. shorter
C. older D. younger
深度阅读·选择正确的答案
11. Whales can help reduce CO₂ in the air mainly by
A
.A. eating small sea animals that store carbon
B. breathing in CO₂ and storing it in their bodies
C. living in the ocean and cooling the air above
D. making the ocean water cleaner for plants
答案
一、1. C 句意:鲸鱼能帮助清除空气中的碳。produce生产;save保存;remove清除,移走;sort分类。根据Then the carbon stays out of the atmosphere可知,鲸鱼的作用是让碳离开空气,也就是清除碳。
2. D 句意:人类燃烧石油和其他种类的燃料时,会产生大量气体,比如二氧化碳。animal动物;food食物;product产品;gas气体。根据such as CO₂可知,二氧化碳属于气体。
3. B 句意:这会导致气温上升。air空气;temperature温度;cloud云;rain雨。根据keep heat there可知,热量的滞留会导致温度升高。
4. A 句意:为了解决这个问题,科学家们正在寻找减少空气中二氧化碳数量的方法。reduce减少;recycle回收利用;replace代替;reuse重复使用。根据"Humans are creating lots of ... such as CO₂... these gases ... in the air and keep heat there. This causes the ... to rise."可知,要解决这个问题,就必须让二氧化碳的量变少。
5. D 句意:所以鲸鱼或许能发挥重要作用。use使用;trick诡计;joke玩笑;role角色,作用。固定搭配play a huge role意为"发挥巨大作用"。
6. B 句意:2023年12月,一个科学家团队公布了他们的研究结果。artist艺术家;scientist科学家;worker工人;farmer农民。根据announced the result of their research可知,进行研究并发布结果的通常是科学家。
7. C 句意:通过进食这些动物,鲸鱼可以储存碳。dry使变干;avoid避免;store储存;raise筹集,抚养。根据They collect tons of carbon in their bodies可知,鲸鱼将碳收集在体内,也就是储存碳。
8. B 句意:当鲸鱼死亡时,它会沉入海底。swim游泳;fall落下,跌倒;surf冲浪;land着陆。根据to the bottom of the ocean可知,死去的鲸鱼会沉入海底。
9. B 句意:部分种类的鲸鱼正濒临灭绝。run out用完;die out灭绝,消失;cut down砍倒;take away带走。根据fallen quickly可知,数量急剧下降意味着面临灭绝的风险。
10. A 句意:所以如果我们采取行动保护鲸鱼,它们的数量会增加。它们也会活得更久。longer更长久;shorter更短;older更老;younger更年轻。
11. A 推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容可知,小型海洋生物可以"吸收"二氧化碳,鲸鱼通过大量捕食这些生物,将碳储存在自己体内。鲸鱼死亡后,体内的碳会随它们沉入海底,长期保留在海洋中,从而减少大气中的二氧化碳。
2. D 句意:人类燃烧石油和其他种类的燃料时,会产生大量气体,比如二氧化碳。animal动物;food食物;product产品;gas气体。根据such as CO₂可知,二氧化碳属于气体。
3. B 句意:这会导致气温上升。air空气;temperature温度;cloud云;rain雨。根据keep heat there可知,热量的滞留会导致温度升高。
4. A 句意:为了解决这个问题,科学家们正在寻找减少空气中二氧化碳数量的方法。reduce减少;recycle回收利用;replace代替;reuse重复使用。根据"Humans are creating lots of ... such as CO₂... these gases ... in the air and keep heat there. This causes the ... to rise."可知,要解决这个问题,就必须让二氧化碳的量变少。
5. D 句意:所以鲸鱼或许能发挥重要作用。use使用;trick诡计;joke玩笑;role角色,作用。固定搭配play a huge role意为"发挥巨大作用"。
6. B 句意:2023年12月,一个科学家团队公布了他们的研究结果。artist艺术家;scientist科学家;worker工人;farmer农民。根据announced the result of their research可知,进行研究并发布结果的通常是科学家。
7. C 句意:通过进食这些动物,鲸鱼可以储存碳。dry使变干;avoid避免;store储存;raise筹集,抚养。根据They collect tons of carbon in their bodies可知,鲸鱼将碳收集在体内,也就是储存碳。
8. B 句意:当鲸鱼死亡时,它会沉入海底。swim游泳;fall落下,跌倒;surf冲浪;land着陆。根据to the bottom of the ocean可知,死去的鲸鱼会沉入海底。
9. B 句意:部分种类的鲸鱼正濒临灭绝。run out用完;die out灭绝,消失;cut down砍倒;take away带走。根据fallen quickly可知,数量急剧下降意味着面临灭绝的风险。
10. A 句意:所以如果我们采取行动保护鲸鱼,它们的数量会增加。它们也会活得更久。longer更长久;shorter更短;older更老;younger更年轻。
11. A 推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容可知,小型海洋生物可以"吸收"二氧化碳,鲸鱼通过大量捕食这些生物,将碳储存在自己体内。鲸鱼死亡后,体内的碳会随它们沉入海底,长期保留在海洋中,从而减少大气中的二氧化碳。
解析
【分析】
做完形填空需结合上下文语境、词汇含义及固定搭配分析选项,深度阅读题需定位原文细节推理。具体解题思路:1. 第1题根据后文“碳留在大气外”,判断需“清除”碳,选remove;2. 第2题由举例CO₂属于气体,选gases;3. 第3题因热量滞留导致“温度”上升;4. 第4题为解决CO₂过多问题,需“减少”CO₂;5. 第5题考查固定搭配play a huge role;6. 第6题根据“研究结果发布”,确定是科学家团队;7. 第7题由“碳收集在体内”,判断是“储存”碳;8. 第8题鲸鱼死亡后“沉入”海底;9. 第9题数量急剧下降对应“濒临灭绝”;10. 第10题保护鲸鱼后活得“更久”;11题定位第三段,鲸鱼通过捕食储碳的小海洋动物减少大气CO₂,选A。
【解析】
1. 选C。句意:鲸鱼能帮助清除空气中的碳。produce生产;save保存;remove清除;sort分类。根据后文“碳留在大气外”,可知鲸鱼作用是清除碳,故选C。
2. 选D。句意:人类燃烧石油等燃料时产生大量气体,如二氧化碳。animal动物;food食物;product产品;gas气体。CO₂属于气体,故选D。
3. 选B。句意:这会导致气温上升。air空气;temperature温度;cloud云;rain雨。热量滞留会使温度升高,故选B。
4. 选A。句意:为解决该问题,科学家寻找减少空气中CO₂的方法。reduce减少;recycle回收;replace代替;reuse重复使用。需减少CO₂解决温室问题,故选A。
5. 选D。句意:所以鲸鱼或许能发挥重要作用。use使用;trick诡计;joke玩笑;role作用。固定搭配play a huge role(发挥巨大作用),故选D。
6. 选B。句意:2023年12月,一个科学家团队公布研究结果。artist艺术家;scientist科学家;worker工人;farmer农民。发布研究结果的是科学家,故选B。
7. 选C。句意:通过进食这些动物,鲸鱼可以储存碳。dry使变干;avoid避免;store储存;raise筹集。鲸鱼将碳收集在体内,即储存碳,故选C。
8. 选B。句意:当鲸鱼死亡时,它会沉入海底。swim游泳;fall落下;surf冲浪;land着陆。鲸鱼死亡后沉入海底,故选B。
9. 选B。句意:部分种类的鲸鱼正濒临灭绝。run out用完;die out灭绝;cut down砍倒;take away带走。数量急剧下降意味着濒临灭绝,故选B。
10. 选A。句意:所以如果我们保护鲸鱼,它们会活得更久。longer更久;shorter更短;older更老;younger更年轻。保护后寿命更长,故选A。
11. 选A。推理判断题。根据第三段,小型海洋生物吸收CO₂,鲸鱼捕食它们并将碳储存在体内,死亡后沉入海底减少大气CO₂,故选A。
【答案】
1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.A 11.A
【知识点】
完形填空解题、词汇辨析、阅读理解推理判断
【点评】
本题为科普类完形填空与阅读理解题,围绕鲸鱼固碳的环保主题,既考查词汇、固定搭配的掌握,又考查语境理解与细节推理能力,题材贴近环保热点,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
做完形填空需结合上下文语境、词汇含义及固定搭配分析选项,深度阅读题需定位原文细节推理。具体解题思路:1. 第1题根据后文“碳留在大气外”,判断需“清除”碳,选remove;2. 第2题由举例CO₂属于气体,选gases;3. 第3题因热量滞留导致“温度”上升;4. 第4题为解决CO₂过多问题,需“减少”CO₂;5. 第5题考查固定搭配play a huge role;6. 第6题根据“研究结果发布”,确定是科学家团队;7. 第7题由“碳收集在体内”,判断是“储存”碳;8. 第8题鲸鱼死亡后“沉入”海底;9. 第9题数量急剧下降对应“濒临灭绝”;10. 第10题保护鲸鱼后活得“更久”;11题定位第三段,鲸鱼通过捕食储碳的小海洋动物减少大气CO₂,选A。
【解析】
1. 选C。句意:鲸鱼能帮助清除空气中的碳。produce生产;save保存;remove清除;sort分类。根据后文“碳留在大气外”,可知鲸鱼作用是清除碳,故选C。
2. 选D。句意:人类燃烧石油等燃料时产生大量气体,如二氧化碳。animal动物;food食物;product产品;gas气体。CO₂属于气体,故选D。
3. 选B。句意:这会导致气温上升。air空气;temperature温度;cloud云;rain雨。热量滞留会使温度升高,故选B。
4. 选A。句意:为解决该问题,科学家寻找减少空气中CO₂的方法。reduce减少;recycle回收;replace代替;reuse重复使用。需减少CO₂解决温室问题,故选A。
5. 选D。句意:所以鲸鱼或许能发挥重要作用。use使用;trick诡计;joke玩笑;role作用。固定搭配play a huge role(发挥巨大作用),故选D。
6. 选B。句意:2023年12月,一个科学家团队公布研究结果。artist艺术家;scientist科学家;worker工人;farmer农民。发布研究结果的是科学家,故选B。
7. 选C。句意:通过进食这些动物,鲸鱼可以储存碳。dry使变干;avoid避免;store储存;raise筹集。鲸鱼将碳收集在体内,即储存碳,故选C。
8. 选B。句意:当鲸鱼死亡时,它会沉入海底。swim游泳;fall落下;surf冲浪;land着陆。鲸鱼死亡后沉入海底,故选B。
9. 选B。句意:部分种类的鲸鱼正濒临灭绝。run out用完;die out灭绝;cut down砍倒;take away带走。数量急剧下降意味着濒临灭绝,故选B。
10. 选A。句意:所以如果我们保护鲸鱼,它们会活得更久。longer更久;shorter更短;older更老;younger更年轻。保护后寿命更长,故选A。
11. 选A。推理判断题。根据第三段,小型海洋生物吸收CO₂,鲸鱼捕食它们并将碳储存在体内,死亡后沉入海底减少大气CO₂,故选A。
【答案】
1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.A 11.A
【知识点】
完形填空解题、词汇辨析、阅读理解推理判断
【点评】
本题为科普类完形填空与阅读理解题,围绕鲸鱼固碳的环保主题,既考查词汇、固定搭配的掌握,又考查语境理解与细节推理能力,题材贴近环保热点,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
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