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三、根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 当你犯错误时，老师总是鼓励你说实话。
When you make mistakes, the teacher always encourages you to
2. 我喜欢和汤姆一起玩，因为他总能讲笑话逗我笑。
I like playing with Tom because he can always tell jokes to
3. 好朋友永远不会对你说谎，他们会一直支持你。
Good friends will never
4. 通过努力学习和帮助他人，他正在成为一个更优秀的人。
By studying hard and helping others, he is becoming
5. 和朋友分享你的想法是一种很好的缓解压力的方式。
6. 我们都喜欢和他交朋友，因为他既诚实又开朗。
We all like to make friends with him because he is
1. 当你犯错误时，老师总是鼓励你说实话。
When you make mistakes, the teacher always encourages you to
tell
the
truth
.2. 我喜欢和汤姆一起玩，因为他总能讲笑话逗我笑。
I like playing with Tom because he can always tell jokes to
make
me
laugh
.3. 好朋友永远不会对你说谎，他们会一直支持你。
Good friends will never
lie
to
you
and they will always support you.4. 通过努力学习和帮助他人，他正在成为一个更优秀的人。
By studying hard and helping others, he is becoming
a
better
person
.5. 和朋友分享你的想法是一种很好的缓解压力的方式。
Sharing
your
thoughts
with friends is a good way to relieve stress.6. 我们都喜欢和他交朋友，因为他既诚实又开朗。
We all like to make friends with him because he is
honest
and
cheerful
.答案
1. tell the truth 2. make me laugh 3. lie to you 4. a better person 5. Sharing your thoughts 6. honest and cheerful
解析
【分析】
解题时需根据汉语意思，回忆对应的英语固定短语，同时结合句子的语法结构（如不定式作目的状语、动名词作主语等），确保填写的短语形式符合句子要求，准确对应汉语语义。
【解析】
1. “说实话”的固定英语表达为tell the truth，encourage sb to do sth结构中to后接动词原形，故填tell the truth；
2. “逗我笑”的固定表达为make me laugh，此处不定式作目的状语，故填make me laugh；
3. “对你说谎”对应lie to you，will后接动词原形，故填lie to you；
4. “一个更优秀的人”的英语表达为a better person，符合语境；
5. 此处“分享你的想法”作主语，需用动名词短语，即Sharing your thoughts；
6. “既诚实又开朗”的英语表达为honest and cheerful，形容词短语作表语，故填该内容。
【答案】
1. tell the truth 2. make me laugh 3. lie to you 4. a better person 5. Sharing your thoughts 6. honest and cheerful
【知识点】
固定短语搭配、动名词作主语、形容词短语
【点评】
本题考查基础汉译英常用表达，涉及核心固定搭配和简单语法，属于英语基础题型，需学生掌握课本中的常用短语和基本语法规则。
【难度系数】
0.8
解题时需根据汉语意思，回忆对应的英语固定短语，同时结合句子的语法结构（如不定式作目的状语、动名词作主语等），确保填写的短语形式符合句子要求，准确对应汉语语义。
【解析】
1. “说实话”的固定英语表达为tell the truth，encourage sb to do sth结构中to后接动词原形，故填tell the truth；
2. “逗我笑”的固定表达为make me laugh，此处不定式作目的状语，故填make me laugh；
3. “对你说谎”对应lie to you，will后接动词原形，故填lie to you；
4. “一个更优秀的人”的英语表达为a better person，符合语境；
5. 此处“分享你的想法”作主语，需用动名词短语，即Sharing your thoughts；
6. “既诚实又开朗”的英语表达为honest and cheerful，形容词短语作表语，故填该内容。
【答案】
1. tell the truth 2. make me laugh 3. lie to you 4. a better person 5. Sharing your thoughts 6. honest and cheerful
【知识点】
固定短语搭配、动名词作主语、形容词短语
【点评】
本题考查基础汉译英常用表达，涉及核心固定搭配和简单语法，属于英语基础题型，需学生掌握课本中的常用短语和基本语法规则。
【难度系数】
0.8
四、（2025·广州白云区期中）阅读理解
词数：265 体裁：说明文 核心素养：语言能力
话题：好朋友的三条准则 难度：中 建议用时：6分钟
Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back. That is why some friendships don't last（持续）very long. To have a friend, you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat（对待）you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding.
Honesty helps start a good friendship. Friends must be able to trust（信任）each other.
If you don't tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you are not honest, you may lose your friend's trust. Good friends should always speak and act honestly.
Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You don't have to give your lunch money, your clothes, or your hobbies. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them, you help your friend know you better.
Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend's place so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are ever exactly alike. But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friendships, you must practise honesty, generosity and understanding.
1. Some friendships don't last very long because
A. too many people want to make friends
B. some people receive friendship but don't give friendship back
C. some people give others friendship and receive friendship from others
D. they don't know friendship is something important
2. From the text, we know the word “generous” means
A. 友好的 B. 善良的
C. 大方的 D. 善解人意的
3. 中考新考法 推断代词指代 What does the word “them” refer to（指代）in the third paragraph?
A. your ideas and feelings
B. your hobbies and interests
C. your lunch money and clothes
D. your clothes and enjoyments
链接《教材核心考点新考法讲练》“推断代词指代题解题技巧”
4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE in the text?
A. Friends should always speak and act honestly.
B. Sharing your ideas with your friend is very important.
C. A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend.
D. Talking about your problems with your friend often helps to solve the problem.
词数：265 体裁：说明文 核心素养：语言能力
话题：好朋友的三条准则 难度：中 建议用时：6分钟
Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back. That is why some friendships don't last（持续）very long. To have a friend, you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat（对待）you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding.
Honesty helps start a good friendship. Friends must be able to trust（信任）each other.
If you don't tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you are not honest, you may lose your friend's trust. Good friends should always speak and act honestly.
Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You don't have to give your lunch money, your clothes, or your hobbies. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them, you help your friend know you better.
Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend's place so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are ever exactly alike. But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friendships, you must practise honesty, generosity and understanding.
1. Some friendships don't last very long because
B
.A. too many people want to make friends
B. some people receive friendship but don't give friendship back
C. some people give others friendship and receive friendship from others
D. they don't know friendship is something important
2. From the text, we know the word “generous” means
C
in Chinese.A. 友好的 B. 善良的
C. 大方的 D. 善解人意的
3. 中考新考法 推断代词指代 What does the word “them” refer to（指代）in the third paragraph?
A. your ideas and feelings
B. your hobbies and interests
C. your lunch money and clothes
D. your clothes and enjoyments
链接《教材核心考点新考法讲练》“推断代词指代题解题技巧”
4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE in the text?
A. Friends should always speak and act honestly.
B. Sharing your ideas with your friend is very important.
C. A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend.
D. Talking about your problems with your friend often helps to solve the problem.
答案
四、【文章大意】本文主要介绍了做一个好朋友所要学会的三个原则。
1. B [解析]细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back. That is why some friendships don't last(持续)very long.”可知,有些友谊不会持续很长时间是因为有些人得到友谊但不回报友谊。故选B。
思路引导 1. That is why...句前为原因,句后为结果;2. That is because...句前为结果,句后为原因。
2. C [解析]词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow.”可知,画线单词“generous”与分享有关,意思是“大方的、慷慨的”。故选C。
3. A [解析]推理判断题。根据前文中的“Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings.”可知,“them”指的是“你的想法和感受”。故选A。
4. C [解析]推理判断题。根据“You don't have to give your lunch money, your clothes, or your hobbies.”可知,C选项“A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend.”描述与原文不符,故此处C选项是不正确的。故选C。
1. B [解析]细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back. That is why some friendships don't last(持续)very long.”可知,有些友谊不会持续很长时间是因为有些人得到友谊但不回报友谊。故选B。
思路引导 1. That is why...句前为原因,句后为结果;2. That is because...句前为结果,句后为原因。
2. C [解析]词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow.”可知,画线单词“generous”与分享有关,意思是“大方的、慷慨的”。故选C。
3. A [解析]推理判断题。根据前文中的“Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings.”可知,“them”指的是“你的想法和感受”。故选A。
4. C [解析]推理判断题。根据“You don't have to give your lunch money, your clothes, or your hobbies.”可知,C选项“A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend.”描述与原文不符,故此处C选项是不正确的。故选C。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍友谊准则的说明文阅读理解题，共4道题，分别考查细节理解、词义猜测、代词指代、细节判断能力。解题思路如下：1. 第1题（细节理解题）：定位原文中关于友谊不能长久的原因，匹配对应选项；2. 第2题（词义猜测题）：结合画线词所在句的上下文（尤其是“sharing”）推断词义；3. 第3题（代词指代题）：代词指代内容通常在其前文，找到对应名词短语即可；4. 第4题（细节判断题）：逐一核对选项与原文内容，找出不符项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段“Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back. That is why some friendships don't last very long.”可知，友谊不能长久的原因是有些人接受友谊却不回报，对应选项B，故选B。
2. 第2题：由第三段“Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow.”可知，generous与分享相关，意为“大方的、慷慨的”，对应选项C，故选C。
3. 第3题：根据前文“Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings.”可知，them指代“your ideas and feelings”，对应选项A，故选A。
4. 第4题：原文提到“You don't have to give your lunch money, your clothes, or your hobbies.”，说明给午餐钱不是真正朋友的必要条件，选项C与原文不符，故选C。
【答案】
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节题、词义猜测题、代词指代题
【点评】
本文围绕友谊的三个核心准则展开，题目均为中考常见的基础阅读理解题型，需学生掌握定位原文、结合语境推断的解题技巧，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇介绍友谊准则的说明文阅读理解题，共4道题，分别考查细节理解、词义猜测、代词指代、细节判断能力。解题思路如下：1. 第1题（细节理解题）：定位原文中关于友谊不能长久的原因，匹配对应选项；2. 第2题（词义猜测题）：结合画线词所在句的上下文（尤其是“sharing”）推断词义；3. 第3题（代词指代题）：代词指代内容通常在其前文，找到对应名词短语即可；4. 第4题（细节判断题）：逐一核对选项与原文内容，找出不符项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段“Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back. That is why some friendships don't last very long.”可知，友谊不能长久的原因是有些人接受友谊却不回报，对应选项B，故选B。
2. 第2题：由第三段“Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow.”可知，generous与分享相关，意为“大方的、慷慨的”，对应选项C，故选C。
3. 第3题：根据前文“Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings.”可知，them指代“your ideas and feelings”，对应选项A，故选A。
4. 第4题：原文提到“You don't have to give your lunch money, your clothes, or your hobbies.”，说明给午餐钱不是真正朋友的必要条件，选项C与原文不符，故选C。
【答案】
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节题、词义猜测题、代词指代题
【点评】
本文围绕友谊的三个核心准则展开，题目均为中考常见的基础阅读理解题型，需学生掌握定位原文、结合语境推断的解题技巧，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
