一、根据句意及音标、汉语或首字母提示完成单词
1. (2025·徐州多校期中联考)She is planning to visit some /'kɒlɪdʒɪz/ to decide where to study.
2. (2025·无锡锡北片区期中)My sister wants to be an (工程师)when she grows up.
3. Thousands of (志愿者)will receive training and get ready for the sports meeting.
4. Can you help me c my computer? It doesn't work.
5. S is knocking on the door, Jim. Go and see who it is.

一、1. colleges 2. engineer 3. volunteers 4. check 5. Someone/Somebody

【分析】
这类题是根据音标、汉语、首字母提示完成单词，解题思路为：先明确每个小题的提示类型，再结合句子结构（如some、thousands of等修饰词的用法，固定搭配等）确定单词的正确形式（单复数、原形等），最后匹配对应词汇完成填空。
【解析】
1. 根据音标/'kɒlɪdʒɪz/，且句中some后需接可数名词复数，故填colleges；
2. 汉语提示为“工程师”，对应单词engineer，前面有不定冠词an，用单数形式，故填engineer；
3. 汉语提示为“志愿者”，thousands of后需接可数名词复数，故填volunteers；
4. 首字母为c，结合语境“电脑坏了，帮忙做某事”，固定搭配help sb do sth，需填动词原形check；
5. 首字母为S，语境为“有人敲门”，需填不定代词Someone或Somebody。
【答案】
1. colleges 2. engineer 3. volunteers 4. check 5. Someone/Somebody
【知识点】
单词拼写，可数名词单复数，不定代词
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的运用，涉及音标、汉语、首字母提示填单词，需掌握常见词汇的拼写及用法，注意名词单复数、固定搭配等细节，属于基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.8

1. (扬州广陵区期末)Tom wants to be a(n) in the future. He loves colours.

A.artist
B.engineer
C.nurse
D.waiter

1. A [解析]考查名词辨析。句意:汤姆将来想成为一名艺术家。他喜欢颜色。artist 艺术家;engineer 工程师;nurse 护士;waiter 服务员。根据“He loves colours.”和常识可知,颜色与艺术家有关。故选 A。

【分析】首先通读题干，明确句意：汤姆未来想成为一名什么职业的人，他喜欢颜色。接着分析各选项对应的职业含义，结合题干关键信息“喜欢颜色”，判断与颜色关联的职业，进而选出正确答案。
【解析】本题考查名词辨析。句意：汤姆将来想成为一名艺术家，他喜欢颜色。A选项artist意为“艺术家”，艺术家的工作与颜色密切相关；B选项engineer意为“工程师”，职业内容和颜色无直接关联；C选项nurse意为“护士”，职业属性与颜色无关；D选项waiter意为“服务员”，也不符合“喜欢颜色”对应的职业。根据题干中“He loves colours”可知，正确答案为A。
【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析、语境运用
【点评】本题结合语境考查名词词义辨析，难度较低，学生只需掌握各选项词义并结合题干关键信息即可轻松选出答案。
【难度系数】0.8

2. —Dad, my computer doesn't work. Is there with it?
—Don't worry. I'll check it. You won't miss your online English lesson.

A.wrong something
B.wrong anything
C.something wrong
D.anything wrong

2. D [解析]考查不定代词辨析。句意:——爸爸,我的电脑坏了。它有什么故障了吗?——别担心。我来检查一下。你不会错过你的英语网课的。something 一般用于肯定句;anything 一般用于疑问句。形容词修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词的后面。故选 D。

【分析】
这道题考查英语不定代词的用法，解题分两步：第一步，判断疑问句中用something还是anything：something多用于肯定句，anything多用于疑问句/否定句，题干是一般疑问句，排除A、C；第二步，确定形容词修饰不定代词的位置：形容词修饰不定代词时要后置，“有什么故障”是anything wrong，排除B，因此选D。
【解析】
本题考查不定代词的用法：① something一般用于肯定句，anything多用于疑问句或否定句，题干为一般疑问句，故用anything；② 形容词修饰不定代词时需置于不定代词之后，因此“有什么故障”表达为anything wrong。综上，答案为D。
【答案】
D
【知识点】
不定代词的用法；形容词修饰不定代词的位置
【点评】
本题是初中英语基础语法题，考查不定代词的核心用法，难度较低，学生掌握基础规则即可解答。
【难度系数】
0.8

3. I don't like the book because I think it's boring.

A.a kind of
B.kinds of
C.all kinds of
D.kind of

3. D [解析]考查短语辨析。句意:我不喜欢这本书,因为我觉得它有点儿无聊。a kind of 一种;kinds of 各种各样的;all kinds of 各种各样的;kind of 有点儿。修饰形容词“boring”用短语 kind of。故选 D。

【分析】首先明确题目需要选择能修饰形容词“boring”的短语，逐个分析选项的用法：A选项“a kind of”意为“一种”，后接名词；B选项“kinds of”意为“各种各样的”，后接名词；C选项“all kinds of”意为“各种各样的”，后接名词；D选项“kind of”意为“有点儿”，是副词性短语，可修饰形容词。结合句子中修饰形容词boring的需求，确定正确选项。
【解析】本题考查短语辨析。句意：我不喜欢这本书，因为我觉得它有点儿无聊。逐一分析选项：A.a kind of 用于修饰名词，不符合空格后接形容词的要求；B.kinds of 用于修饰名词，不符合要求；C.all kinds of 用于修饰名词，不符合要求；D.kind of 是副词性短语，可修饰形容词，符合语境。因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】短语辨析；形容词修饰
【点评】本题考查常用英语短语的用法，需区分不同短语的修饰对象，属于基础短语辨析题，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.4

4. There was something wrong with my father's car, I had to come to school by bus.

A.but
B.and
C.so
D.or

4. C [解析]考查连词辨析。句意:我爸爸的汽车坏了,所以我不得不乘公共汽车来上学。but 但是;and 而且;so 因此;or 或者。根据“There was something wrong with my father's car... I had to come to school by bus.”可知,前后分句为因果关系,此处表示结果,应用 so。故选 C。

【分析】
首先明确句子前后的逻辑关系：前半句“我爸爸的汽车坏了”是原因，后半句“我不得不乘公共汽车来上学”是结果，需选择表结果的连词。再逐一分析选项连词的含义：but表转折，and表并列，so表结果，or表选择，据此选出正确答案。
【解析】
本题考查连词辨析。句意：我爸爸的汽车坏了，所以我不得不乘公共汽车来上学。分析前后分句逻辑关系可知，前半句是原因，后半句是结果，需用表结果的连词。选项中，but意为“但是”，表转折；and意为“而且”，表并列；so意为“因此”，表结果；or意为“或者”，表选择。故应选so，对应选项C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
连词辨析；因果关系连词
【点评】
本题为英语基础连词辨析题，侧重考查学生对不同连词逻辑含义的掌握，属于英语单项选择的常见基础题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8

5. — is it from Sunshine Town to the centre of Beijing?
—It's about 20 kilometres the centre.

A.How long; far from
B.How long; away from
C.How far; away from
D.How far; far away from

5. C [解析]考查疑问词组辨析和固定用法。句意:——从阳光镇到北京市中心有多远?——它离市中心大约有 20 千米远。根据答句可知,问句询问“距离”,应用 how far;表示“离……有多远”,且有具体数字时一般用 away from 表示。故选 C。

【分析】
首先明确问句是询问两地间的距离，需区分how long与how far的用法：how long用于询问时间长度或物体长度，how far用于询问距离，据此先排除A、B选项；再分析答句，句中有具体数字“20 kilometres”，表达“离……有多远”时，带具体数字需用away from，far from/far away from前不能接具体数字，因此第二空用away from，综上确定答案。
【解析】
本题考查疑问词组辨析及固定搭配。1. 问句分析：答句“about 20 kilometres”表示距离，故需用询问距离的疑问词组how far，how long用于询问时间或物体长度，因此排除A、B选项；2. 答句分析：句中有具体数字“20 kilometres”，表达“离……有多远”时，带具体数字需用away from，far from/far away from前不能接具体数字，故第二空填away from，因此选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
疑问词组辨析；固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查英语基础的疑问词用法及距离表达的固定结构，需准确区分how long与how far的适用场景，牢记带具体数字时距离表达的正确搭配，属于基础题型，需熟练掌握。
【难度系数】
0.7

三、(2025·连云港赣榆区期中)阅读理解
词数：257 体裁：记叙文 核心素养：语言能力
话题：改善邻里关系 难度：中 建议用时：6分钟
In a bright and active neighbourhood, there were two neighbours with very different personalities. One was Mr Jenkins, an old man who always seemed angry and unhappy about everything in his neighbourhood. Next to his house lived the young and lively Miller family with 10-year-old son named Ben.
One sunny day, Ben wanted to set up a lemonade stand(柠檬水摊位)in his front yard. He was really excited because he thought he could make some money and have a good time. But Mr Jenkins didn't like it. He thought it was too noisy and there were too many kids around. Ben felt a bit sad, but he didn't stop.
A few days later, Ben had a great idea. He knew Mr Jenkins liked reading. So, he gave free lemonade to anyone who brought an old newspaper for Mr Jenkins. Many neighbours heard about this and came here with newspapers. When Mr Jenkins saw the pile of newspapers, he was very surprised. Ben walked over to him shyly and said, “Mr Jenkins, we thought you might want more newspapers to read.” Mr Jenkins' angry face changed and he even smiled a little.
After that, Mr Jenkins often went to Ben's lemonade stand. He would sit there, drink lemonade and talk with Ben and his friends. The old man now became an important part of the neighbourhood's fun.
This story tells us that with a little creativity, we can have good relationships with our neighbours, even if they seem very different from us.
1. What was Mr Jenkins like at first?
A. Friendly and kind.
B. Angry and unhappy.
C. Quiet and shy.
D. Lively and young.
2. Why did Ben want to set up a lemonade stand?
A. To sell newspapers.
B. To help his parents.
C. To make money and have fun.
D. To make friends with Mr Jenkins.
3. What did Ben do to make Mr Jenkins become different?
A. Ben invited Mr Jenkins to his house.
B. Ben asked his parents to talk to Mr Jenkins.
C. Ben gave Mr Jenkins free lemonade every day.
D. Ben made people bring Mr Jenkins old newspapers.
4. How did Mr Jenkins change at the end of the story?
A. He become more friendly to his neighbours.
B. He liked playing with kids at the lemonade stand.
C. He started to sell newspapers at the lemonade stand.
D. He did a lot of volunteering work in the neighbourhood.

三、[文章大意]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了性格迥异的邻居詹金斯先生和本通过柠檬水摊位改善关系的故事。
1. B [解析]细节理解题。根据第一段中的“One was Mr Jenkins, an old man who always seemed angry and unhappy about everything in his neighbourhood.”可知,詹金斯先生最初是愤怒和不开心的。故选 B。
2. C [解析]细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He was really excited because he thought he could make some money and have a good time.”可知,本想要摆柠檬水摊是为了赚钱并享受乐趣。故选 C。
3. D [解析]细节理解题。根据第三段中的“So, he gave free... even smiled a little.”可知,本向为詹金斯先生带来旧报纸的人免费赠送了柠檬水。很多邻居听说了这件事以后,就都来给詹金斯先生送报纸。当詹金斯先生看到这堆报纸时,他生气的表情变了,甚至露出了些许笑容。故选 D。
4. A [解析]推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“After that, Mr Jenkins often went to Ben's lemonade stand. He would sit there, drink lemonade and talk with Ben and his friends. The old man now became an important part of the neighbourhood's fun.”可知,詹金斯先生经常去柠檬水摊。他会坐在那里喝柠檬水,和本以及他的朋友们聊天。如今,这位老人俨然成了社区欢乐时光的灵魂人物——有他在的地方,总有欢声笑语。由此可推知,詹金斯先生对邻居更加友好了。故选 A。

【分析】做此类阅读理解题，需先通读文章把握主旨，再针对每道题的题干关键词，回到原文定位对应信息，对比选项逐一排除错误项，选出与原文一致或符合逻辑推理的答案。具体解题时：第1题定位Mr Jenkins最初的性格描述；第2题定位Ben摆柠檬水摊的原因；第3题定位Ben改变Mr Jenkins的具体做法；第4题结合Mr Jenkins的行为变化合理推断其性格转变。
【解析】1. 根据第一段“One was Mr Jenkins, an old man who always seemed angry and unhappy about everything in his neighbourhood.”可知，詹金斯先生最初的性格是愤怒且不开心的，对应选项B。2. 根据第二段“He was really excited because he thought he could make some money and have a good time.”可知，Ben摆柠檬水摊的目的是赚钱和享受乐趣，对应选项C。3. 根据第三段“So, he gave free lemonade to anyone who brought an old newspaper for Mr Jenkins... When Mr Jenkins saw the pile of newspapers, he was very surprised... angry face changed and he even smiled a little.”可知，Ben通过让人们给詹金斯先生带旧报纸的做法改变了他，对应选项D。4. 根据倒数第二段“Mr Jenkins often went to Ben's lemonade stand. He would sit there, drink lemonade and talk with Ben and his friends. The old man now became an important part of the neighbourhood's fun.”可推知，詹金斯先生对邻居更加友好了，对应选项A。
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A
【知识点】阅读理解（细节理解题、推理判断题）
【点评】本文为记叙文，围绕改善邻里关系展开，考查学生对文章细节的查找能力和基于文本的推理判断能力，解题关键是精准定位原文信息，结合语境分析，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6