Ⅵ. 任务型阅读
根据短文内容，在表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
Guarding the Blue Planet
(镇江中考改编)Liu loves to teach people to explore the underwater world and lead them to feel the beauty of the sea. Now, he devotes himself to the voluntary work in a community called Better Blue. The volunteers in Better Blue are not only made up of diving coaches like Liu, but also pilots, lawyers, doctors and so on. All of them should have the knowledge of the sea.
Every year, 12 million tons of plastic waste flow into the ocean. Sea animals like turtles often lose their lives because of eating plastic or fishing nets. Even humans on land are influenced because the fish we eat may have harmful plastic particles in their bodies. So the community Better Blue was started in 2017. It hopes to raise marine(海洋的) protection awareness among the public, invite people to protect the endangered sea animals and encourage people to think about how to make the ocean develop in a friendly way.
Dive Against Debris is an activity organised by Better Blue to protect the ocean. The activity needs volunteers with greater diving skills. In this project, divers go into the waters and fish out rubbish, which is then divided into different groups. They do this at several fixed locations in the bay area of Shenzhen every month. The work also includes checking which rubbish is seen more commonly in the area, doing a research on why this kind of rubbish is the most and making suggestions to reduce the pollution.
Marine protection is not limited to collecting rubbish. It also includes marine protection education. On weekdays, Liu volunteers to teach children marine protection in local schools. Volunteers like him teach marine science to make children realise that land-based rubbish can also pollute the ocean. Researchers from local universities also take part in such activities.
With diving becoming popular, people are more willing to learn about marine protection. They come with their equipment, dive into the waters, get to know the underwater world and protect it.
Liu is not only a diving coach, but also a volunteer in Better Blue. Volunteers of Better Blue do different 1 and they are asked to have the knowledge of the sea.
| The introduction to Better Blue | The reasons why it was started: ▶Plastic waste flows into the ocean. ▶Sea animals like turtles often 2. ▶Fish have plastic particles that are 3 to humans. The 4 of it: ▶To raise marine protection awareness. ▶To invite people to protect the endangered sea animals. ▶To encourage people to consider the 5 of the ocean in a friendly way. |
| --- | --- |
| The activities held by Better Blue | Dive Against Debris: ▶Volunteers need to have greater diving skills. They fish out rubbish and 6 it. Further work: ①checking which rubbish 7 more often in the area ②studying why this kind of rubbish is the most ③advising 8 the pollution Marine protection education: ▶Volunteers give 9 on marine protection. ▶Researchers take part in marine protection education. |
| With the popularity of diving, people show more 10 in marine protection and take action. | |
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Better Blue社区的志愿者们如何通过各种活动来保护海洋环境。
1. jobs 解析:根据第一段中的“diving coaches, pilots, lawyers, doctors”等职业名称可知,Better Blue的志愿者们从事着不同的“工作”或“职业”。jobs意为“工作”,符合语境。故填jobs。
2. die 解析:根据第二段中的“Sea animals like turtles often lose their lives”可知,海龟等海洋生物常因误食塑料而“死亡”。lose their lives的同义词为die。故填die。
3. harmful 解析:根据第二段中的“fish we eat may have harmful plastic particles in their bodies”可知,鱼类体内的塑料微粒对人类是“有害的”。故填harmful。
4. purposes/goals 解析:表格这一栏下列举了“raise ... awareness, invite people to protect, encourage people to consider”等内容,这些都是该组织成立的“目的”或“目标”。purposes或goals均意为“目的、目标”。故填purposes/goals。
5. development 解析:根据第二段最后一句“how to make the ocean develop in a friendly way”可知,此处是指考虑海洋的“发展”。consider后接名词,故用develop的名词形式development。故填development。
6. divide 解析:根据第三段中的“fish out rubbish, which is then divided into different groups”可知,志愿者们打捞垃圾并将其“分类”。此处作谓语,使用动词原形。故填divide。
7. appears 解析:根据第三段中的“checking which rubbish is seen more commonly”可知,此处是指检查哪种垃圾经常“出现”。is seen(被看见)可用appears(出现)替换。故填appears。
8. against/reducing 解析:根据第三段中的“making suggestions to reduce the pollution”可知,此处是指提出建议来“反对”“抵制”或“减少”污染。against是介词,意为“反对、违背”。reduce是动词,意为“减少”,advise doing sth.。故填against/reducing。
9. lessons/classes/talks/speeches 解析:根据第四段中的“Liu volunteers to teach children marine protection”可知,志愿者们通过给孩子们“上课”或“做讲座”来进行教育。故填lessons/classes/talks/speeches。
10. interest 解析:根据最后一段中的“people are more willing to learn about marine protection”可知,随着潜水的流行,人们对海洋保护表现出了更多的“兴趣”。固定搭配show interest in意为“对……表现出兴趣”。故填interest。

【分析】
本题为任务型阅读题，解题思路为：先通读表格明确每个空格的语境，再定位到原文对应段落找到相关句子，最后根据语法要求（词性、单复数、固定搭配），结合同义词转换确定最恰当的单词，需注意原文与表格的同义表达及词性转换，确保填入的单词符合语境和语法。
【解析】
1. 定位第一段中志愿者的职业（diving coaches, pilots等），可知志愿者从事不同工作，故填jobs；
2. 定位第二段“Sea animals like turtles often lose their lives”，“lose their lives”同义转换为die，故填die；
3. 定位第二段“fish we eat may have harmful plastic particles”，直接提取harmful，故填harmful；
4. 表格此处列举Better Blue成立的目标，对应原文的目的类表述，故填purposes/goals；
5. 定位第二段“how to make the ocean develop in a friendly way”，develop的名词形式为development，故填development；
6. 定位第三段“fish out rubbish, which is then divided into different groups”，将被动语态转换为动词原形divide，故填divide；
7. 定位第三段“checking which rubbish is seen more commonly”，“is seen”同义转换为appears，故填appears；
8. 定位第三段“making suggestions to reduce the pollution”，可填against（反对）或reducing（减少），故填against/reducing；
9. 定位第四段“Liu volunteers to teach children marine protection”，teach对应lessons/classes/talks/speeches，故填lessons/classes/talks/speeches；
10. 定位最后一段“people are more willing to learn about marine protection”，结合固定搭配show interest in，故填interest。
【答案】
1. jobs 2. die 3. harmful 4. purposes/goals 5. development 6. divide 7. appears 8. against/reducing 9. lessons/classes/talks/speeches 10. interest
【知识点】
任务型阅读、同义词转换、词性转换
【点评】
本题为镇江中考改编的任务型阅读题，侧重考查学生的信息定位、同义替换及词性转换能力，需学生准确匹配原文与表格语境，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7