B
新素材素材话题:给冰川盖被子
[2026广东广州期末]
Keeping out the heat
Check out some surprising methods to keep the mountains cool
The world is getting warmer, and the ice in high mountains is melting (融化). How to slow down the melt?
Wearing "clothes"
In the 1990s, people in Switzerland put white "blankets" on ski areas. The white colour can reflect the sunshine and keep the ice cool. The blankets are made of wool, so rain can go through the blankets and become ice. It can slow down the melt by about 50 to 70 per cent. Today, the "blankets" in Switzerland cover 10,000 to 50,000 square metres of ice.
Painting the rocks
Farmers in the Andes Mountains in Peru use a similar idea. Above 5,000 metres, they paint the rocks with white "paint". The paint is made of water, sand and soap (香皂). The soap helps it stick to the rocks. The white rocks can be 16℃ cooler than the dark rocks.
Creating snow
Scientists at an organization called GlaciersAlive turn to man-made snow for help in Switzerland. In winter, they use water from a small lake up in the mountains. The water goes down some pipes (管道). On the pipes, there are shower heads (喷头). The water flows out from the pipes and becomes snow on the mountain.
()14. What do we know about the white blankets in Switzerland?
A. They make the country warmer.
B. People used them to cover ski areas.
C. They can keep the ice cool for about 50 years.
D. They are mainly made of ice and sand.
()15. What does the word "similar" mean?
A. easy and cheap
B. new and different
C. quick and simple
D. the same in some ways
()16. What do we know from the passage?
A. People should make better use of the sunshine.
B. People are trying to stop the world from getting warmer.
C. People from different countries are working in a team.
D. People are working hard to keep high mountains cool.

14—16 B D D
14. B 细节理解题。根据"In the 1990s, people in Switzerland put white 'blankets' on ski areas."可知,人们用白色的毯子覆盖滑雪区。故选 B 项。
15. D 词义猜测题。根据"Farmers in the Andes Mountains in Peru use a similar idea. Above 5,000 metres, they paint the rocks with white 'paint'."可知,秘鲁农民给岩石涂上白色的"油漆",这种方法与瑞士人的方法相似,所以画线词意为"相似的",与 the same in some ways 同义。故选 D 项。
16. D 推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文详细介绍了瑞士、秘鲁等地的人们为了保持高山冰雪凉爽而采取的各种措施,所以从本文我们可以了解到人们正在努力使高山保持凉爽。故选 D 项。

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断三类题型。解题思路：1. 第14题需定位瑞士白色毯子的相关原文，匹配对应选项；2. 第15题结合上下文，通过秘鲁农民的做法与瑞士的关联猜测词义；3. 第16题通读全文，总结主旨，判断符合的选项。
【解析】
14. 细节理解题：根据原文“In the 1990s, people in Switzerland put white 'blankets' on ski areas.”可知，瑞士人将白色毯子用于覆盖滑雪区，对应选项B。A选项文中未提及使国家变暖；C选项文中仅提到减缓冰川融化50%-70%，未提及使用时长；D选项毯子由羊毛制成，并非冰和沙，排除A、C、D，选B。
15. 词义猜测题：上文瑞士人用白色毯子反射阳光降温，下文秘鲁农民采用白色涂料涂岩石的方法，两者思路相似，故similar意为“相似的”，即“在某些方面相同”，对应选项D。A、B、C选项均不符合语境，选D。
16. 推理判断题：全文介绍瑞士、秘鲁等地为减缓高山冰川融化，采取盖白毯、涂白岩石、造人工雪等措施，核心是保持高山凉爽，对应选项D。A选项“利用阳光”并非文章主旨；B选项“阻止全球变暖”范围过大，文章聚焦高山冰川；C选项“不同国家合作”文中未提及，排除A、B、C，选D。
【答案】
14.B 15.D 16.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、词义猜测题
【点评】
本题围绕“减缓高山冰川融化”的环保主题，考查学生的阅读细节定位、词义推断和主旨归纳能力，题型常规，需学生仔细研读原文。
【难度系数】
0.5

Ⅲ.阅读还原(10分)
答案 17—21
[2026广东深圳期中]Earth Day, which falls on 22 April, is a day to call on more people to protect the natural world. This year's theme
“Planet VS Plastic” is especially important because plastic is harming our environment in many ways. Plastic doesn't break down easily. 17 To fight against plastic pollution, we all need to do something.
Governments can make rules to limit (限制) the use of plastic and encourage people to recycle. Businesses should find ways to use less plastic or use recycled plastic instead. International cooperation (合作) is of great importance, as many environmental problems need worldwide support. 18
Schools can help too. 19 By taking part in activities like zero-waste events at school, we will be more likely to make proper choices in our daily lives. We can also share what we know with our friends and families.
20 We are advised to use reusable shopping bags and glass bottles instead of plastic ones. It's a good idea to try to buy something without a lot of plastic packaging (包装). Even small changes in our daily habits can be helpful.
Earth Day is a perfect chance to have our voice heard. 21 Let's work together towards a greener planet.

A. We students can make a difference.
B. This simple habit can reduce our plastic waste.
C. Remember that every little bit helps to protect the Earth for the future.
D. They can teach students the harm of plastic pollution and lead us to take action.
E. This means it can stay in environment for a very long time, hurting animals and plants.
F. By working together, countries can share knowledge and resources to make a better world.

17—21 E F D A C
17. E 根据上文"Plastic doesn't break down easily."可知,塑料不容易分解,选项 E(这意味着它可以在环境中停留很长时间,伤害动植物。)符合语境。故选 E 项。
18. F 根据上文"International cooperation is of great importance, as many environmental problems need worldwide support."可知,此处与合作应对塑料污染有关,选项 F(通过共同努力,国家可以分享知识和资源,创造一个更美好的世界。)符合语境。故选 F 项。
19. D 根据上文"Schools can help too."可知,此处与学校采取的措施有关,选项 D(他们可以教学生塑料污染的危害,并引导我们采取行动。)符合语境。故选 D 项。
20. A 根据下文"Even small changes in our daily habits can be helpful."可知,此处说的是学生们的帮助,选项 A(我们学生可以有所作为。)符合语境。故选 A 项。
21. C 根据下文"Let's work together towards a greener planet."可知,此处是作者的号召,选项 C(请记住,每一点都有助于保护地球的未来。)符合语境。故选 C 项。
知识拓展
try to do sth 尽力做某事
try doing sth 尝试做某事
知识拓展
break up 粉碎;拆开;(会议)解散
break into 强行闯入;突然开始
break down 瘫痪

【分析】
解题时需先通读全文，把握文章围绕“地球日对抗塑料污染”的核心主题，再逐个分析每个空的前后句语境，通过关键词匹配、逻辑衔接（如因果、对应、引出等）找到合适选项：17空需衔接“塑料不易分解”的话题，18空对应“国际合作”的内容，19空匹配“学校的作用”，20空引出“学生的行动”，21空呼应“共同努力”的号召。
【解析】
17. 上文提到“Plastic doesn't break down easily（塑料不易分解）”，E选项“这意味着它可以在环境中停留很长时间，伤害动植物”是对塑料不易分解的进一步说明，逻辑衔接紧密，故选E。
18. 上文强调“International cooperation is of great importance（国际合作很重要）”，F选项“通过共同努力，国家可以分享知识和资源，创造更美好的世界”符合国际合作的话题，故选F。
19. 上文说“Schools can help too（学校也能提供帮助）”，D选项“他们（学校）可以教学生塑料污染的危害，并引导我们采取行动”对应学校的具体措施，故选D。
20. 下文提到“日常习惯的改变”，A选项“我们学生可以有所作为”引出学生的行动，符合语境，故选A。
21. 下文“Let's work together towards a greener planet（让我们共同努力建设更绿色的星球）”是号召，C选项“请记住，每一点都有助于保护地球的未来”呼应号召，故选C。
【答案】
17—21 E F D A C
【知识点】
英语阅读还原、语境逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题为英语阅读还原题，围绕环保主题考查学生对上下文语境的理解与逻辑匹配能力，选项与前后句衔接紧密，难度适中，需学生准确把握话题对应关系。
【难度系数】
0.6