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Ⅲ. 阅读理解(每题2分,满分20分)
(2024·滨州中考)A
As a country powerful in Maths, China has many folk games full of Maths wisdom(智慧). You may play many of them before. Let's take a look at three of them.
Chinese nine linked rings puzzle It's
believed that the nine linked rings puzzle was created in the Western Han dynasty. And it is usually made up of nine rings connected to a handle(手柄). Players have to remove(移除) all the rings from the handle to win the game. This is not a simple game. The solution takes 341 moves, so lots of patience is required. But if you learn to solve it, it's hard to forget.
Tangram First popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the tangram is a puzzle
made up of seven pieces of different shapes. For each puzzle, players need to use all the pieces to make a shape. To do it, they have to know about geometry(几何学). In the 18th century, the tangram was brought to the West and soon became popular there.
Luban lock The Luban lock was first
created by Lu Ban 2,000 years ago. The lock has a lot to do with solid geometry(立体几何). It's hard to separate the six pieces. However, it is usually easier to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together. Now, there are Luban locks made up of nine or more pieces.
26. From the passage we can learn that ________.
A. there are Luban locks made up of only six pieces now
B. the tangram was brought to the West in the 19th century
C. it is usually more difficult to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together
D. players have to remove nine rings from the handle to win the nine linked rings puzzle
27. The writer wrote the passage mainly to ________.
A. explain the ways to learn Maths
B. share his skills of playing folk games
C. tell us the importance of learning Maths well
D. introduce folk games with Maths wisdom in China
(2024·滨州中考)A
As a country powerful in Maths, China has many folk games full of Maths wisdom(智慧). You may play many of them before. Let's take a look at three of them.
Chinese nine linked rings puzzle It's
believed that the nine linked rings puzzle was created in the Western Han dynasty. And it is usually made up of nine rings connected to a handle(手柄). Players have to remove(移除) all the rings from the handle to win the game. This is not a simple game. The solution takes 341 moves, so lots of patience is required. But if you learn to solve it, it's hard to forget.Tangram First popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the tangram is a puzzle
made up of seven pieces of different shapes. For each puzzle, players need to use all the pieces to make a shape. To do it, they have to know about geometry(几何学). In the 18th century, the tangram was brought to the West and soon became popular there.Luban lock The Luban lock was first
created by Lu Ban 2,000 years ago. The lock has a lot to do with solid geometry(立体几何). It's hard to separate the six pieces. However, it is usually easier to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together. Now, there are Luban locks made up of nine or more pieces.26. From the passage we can learn that ________.
A. there are Luban locks made up of only six pieces now
B. the tangram was brought to the West in the 19th century
C. it is usually more difficult to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together
D. players have to remove nine rings from the handle to win the nine linked rings puzzle
27. The writer wrote the passage mainly to ________.
A. explain the ways to learn Maths
B. share his skills of playing folk games
C. tell us the importance of learning Maths well
D. introduce folk games with Maths wisdom in China
答案
26~27 DD
[文章大意]本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了九连环、七巧板和鲁班锁这三个充满数学智慧的中国民间游戏。
26. D 细节理解题。根据第二段“And it is usually made up of nine rings connected to a handle. Players have to remove all the rings from the handle to win the game.”可知，九连环通常由九个环连接在一个手柄上。玩家必须从手柄上摘下所有的圆环才能赢得比赛。故选D。
27. D 主旨大意题。根据第一段“As a country powerful in Maths, China has many folk games full of Maths wisdom. You may play many of them before. Let's take a look at three of them.”可知，本文主要介绍了九连环、七巧板和鲁班锁这三个充满数学智慧的中国民间游戏。故选D。
[文章大意]本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了九连环、七巧板和鲁班锁这三个充满数学智慧的中国民间游戏。
26. D 细节理解题。根据第二段“And it is usually made up of nine rings connected to a handle. Players have to remove all the rings from the handle to win the game.”可知，九连环通常由九个环连接在一个手柄上。玩家必须从手柄上摘下所有的圆环才能赢得比赛。故选D。
27. D 主旨大意题。根据第一段“As a country powerful in Maths, China has many folk games full of Maths wisdom. You may play many of them before. Let's take a look at three of them.”可知，本文主要介绍了九连环、七巧板和鲁班锁这三个充满数学智慧的中国民间游戏。故选D。
B
Rudolph plays football for Florida State University. When he was visiting a middle school in Florida one Tuesday, he noticed sixth - grader Leo eating his lunch alone. Rudolph took a couple pieces of pizza and joined Leo at his table.
Leo has autism(孤独症), a condition that can make it hard to make friends and communicate with other people. His mother always worries about him. Two days later, she saw a picture of Rudolph and Leo eating together and it made her so happy that she cried. Then, she shared the picture on the Internet, along with a message about how thankful she was. The story became popular very quickly.
“We just had a great conversation. He started telling me his name is Leo, telling me how much he loves Florida State. We went from there,” said Rudolph. “It was really easy. He had a nice smile on his face. Just a really warm person.”
Leo's mother said that middle school can be hard, and she worries about how other kids will treat her son. “Sometimes I'm thankful for his autism. That may sound like a terrible thing to say, but in some ways I think—I hope—it protects him,” she said.
“He doesn't seem to notice that people look at him when he flaps(拍打) his hands,” she said. “He doesn't seem to notice that he doesn't get invited to birthday parties. And he doesn't seem to mind if he eats lunch alone.”
The mother said the photo of Rudolph and Leo's lunch date helped teach people about autism. “The picture speaks more than a thousand words. You can see how far away the rest of the students are, but you can see how engaged(全神贯注的) Rudolph is with Leo,” she added.
“I just wanted to go to say hi to the kid, because I saw him eating alone. I didn't even know anybody took a photo of it,” Rudolph said and he was glad that the story was helping others.
Leo is excited that Rudolph signed(签名) his lunchbox, and is enjoying all of the attention. “It's been great. Everyone was so proud of me,” Leo said.
Leo and his mother have been invited to have dinner with the football team and possibly to a game.
28. Rudolph chose to eat with Leo because he ________.
A. knew Leo suffered from autism
B. wanted to make friends with Leo
C. promised to sign Leo's lunchbox
D. saw no one sitting at the table with Leo
29. What did Leo's mother mean by saying the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4?
A. Autism protects Leo from being treated badly at school.
B. Autism causes Leo to receive positive(正面的) public attention.
C. Autism makes Leo not realize his social challenges.
D. Autism helps Leo run away from social activities.
30. Which is the RIGHT time order of the following sentences?
①Leo's mother shared the picture on the Internet.
②Leo didn't get invited to birthday parties.
③Rudolph signed his lunchbox.
④Leo and his mother were invited to have dinner with the football team.
A. ①②④③ B. ①③②④ C. ②①③④ D. ②③①④
31. What can we learn from this passage?
A. One good turn deserves(值得) another.
B. A loss may turn out to be a gain.
C. A little kindness goes a long way.
D. Chance favours the prepared mind.
Rudolph plays football for Florida State University. When he was visiting a middle school in Florida one Tuesday, he noticed sixth - grader Leo eating his lunch alone. Rudolph took a couple pieces of pizza and joined Leo at his table.
Leo has autism(孤独症), a condition that can make it hard to make friends and communicate with other people. His mother always worries about him. Two days later, she saw a picture of Rudolph and Leo eating together and it made her so happy that she cried. Then, she shared the picture on the Internet, along with a message about how thankful she was. The story became popular very quickly.
“We just had a great conversation. He started telling me his name is Leo, telling me how much he loves Florida State. We went from there,” said Rudolph. “It was really easy. He had a nice smile on his face. Just a really warm person.”
Leo's mother said that middle school can be hard, and she worries about how other kids will treat her son. “Sometimes I'm thankful for his autism. That may sound like a terrible thing to say, but in some ways I think—I hope—it protects him,” she said.
“He doesn't seem to notice that people look at him when he flaps(拍打) his hands,” she said. “He doesn't seem to notice that he doesn't get invited to birthday parties. And he doesn't seem to mind if he eats lunch alone.”
The mother said the photo of Rudolph and Leo's lunch date helped teach people about autism. “The picture speaks more than a thousand words. You can see how far away the rest of the students are, but you can see how engaged(全神贯注的) Rudolph is with Leo,” she added.
“I just wanted to go to say hi to the kid, because I saw him eating alone. I didn't even know anybody took a photo of it,” Rudolph said and he was glad that the story was helping others.
Leo is excited that Rudolph signed(签名) his lunchbox, and is enjoying all of the attention. “It's been great. Everyone was so proud of me,” Leo said.
Leo and his mother have been invited to have dinner with the football team and possibly to a game.
28. Rudolph chose to eat with Leo because he ________.
A. knew Leo suffered from autism
B. wanted to make friends with Leo
C. promised to sign Leo's lunchbox
D. saw no one sitting at the table with Leo
29. What did Leo's mother mean by saying the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4?
A. Autism protects Leo from being treated badly at school.
B. Autism causes Leo to receive positive(正面的) public attention.
C. Autism makes Leo not realize his social challenges.
D. Autism helps Leo run away from social activities.
30. Which is the RIGHT time order of the following sentences?
①Leo's mother shared the picture on the Internet.
②Leo didn't get invited to birthday parties.
③Rudolph signed his lunchbox.
④Leo and his mother were invited to have dinner with the football team.
A. ①②④③ B. ①③②④ C. ②①③④ D. ②③①④
31. What can we learn from this passage?
A. One good turn deserves(值得) another.
B. A loss may turn out to be a gain.
C. A little kindness goes a long way.
D. Chance favours the prepared mind.
答案
28~31 DCDC
[文章大意]本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了运动员鲁道夫看到患有自闭症的里奥独自吃饭，于是选择和他坐在一起，而这一场景被拍摄下来，里奥的母亲看到照片后十分感动和感激，她把照片上传到网上，越来越多的人知道了这个温馨的故事。
28. D 细节理解题。根据“he noticed sixth - grader Leo eating his lunch alone. Rudolph took a couple pieces of pizza and joined Leo at his table.”可知，因为他注意到没人坐在桌上跟里奥一起吃饭。故选D。
29. C 句意猜测题。根据后文的“but in some ways I think - I hope - it protects him”可知，她说这个自闭症在某种程度上保护了他，里奥没有意识到自己被孤立了，因此推测画线句子指的是自闭症让里奥没有意识到他的社交挑战。故选C。
30. D 事件排序题。根据“He doesn't seem to notice that he doesn't get invited to birthday parties.”可知，里奥没有得到生日聚会的邀请；根据“Leo is excited that Rudolph signed his lunch box, and is enjoying all of the attention.”可知，鲁道夫在里奥的午餐盒上签名；根据“Then, she shared the picture on the Internet, along with a message about how thankful she was.”可知，这次经历的照片被里奥母亲上传到网上；根据“Leo and his mother have been invited to have dinner with the football team and possibly to a game.”可推断，里奥和他的母亲被邀请与足球队共进晚餐。故选D。
31. C 推理判断题。根据“I just wanted to go to say hi to the kid, because I saw him eating alone. I didn't even know anybody took a photo of it”可知，本文主要讲述了鲁道夫陪伴患有自闭症的里奥吃饭的温馨故事。由此推知，我们能从文章中得出：一点善意会大有帮助。故选C。
[文章大意]本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了运动员鲁道夫看到患有自闭症的里奥独自吃饭，于是选择和他坐在一起，而这一场景被拍摄下来，里奥的母亲看到照片后十分感动和感激，她把照片上传到网上，越来越多的人知道了这个温馨的故事。
28. D 细节理解题。根据“he noticed sixth - grader Leo eating his lunch alone. Rudolph took a couple pieces of pizza and joined Leo at his table.”可知，因为他注意到没人坐在桌上跟里奥一起吃饭。故选D。
29. C 句意猜测题。根据后文的“but in some ways I think - I hope - it protects him”可知，她说这个自闭症在某种程度上保护了他，里奥没有意识到自己被孤立了，因此推测画线句子指的是自闭症让里奥没有意识到他的社交挑战。故选C。
30. D 事件排序题。根据“He doesn't seem to notice that he doesn't get invited to birthday parties.”可知，里奥没有得到生日聚会的邀请；根据“Leo is excited that Rudolph signed his lunch box, and is enjoying all of the attention.”可知，鲁道夫在里奥的午餐盒上签名；根据“Then, she shared the picture on the Internet, along with a message about how thankful she was.”可知，这次经历的照片被里奥母亲上传到网上；根据“Leo and his mother have been invited to have dinner with the football team and possibly to a game.”可推断，里奥和他的母亲被邀请与足球队共进晚餐。故选D。
31. C 推理判断题。根据“I just wanted to go to say hi to the kid, because I saw him eating alone. I didn't even know anybody took a photo of it”可知，本文主要讲述了鲁道夫陪伴患有自闭症的里奥吃饭的温馨故事。由此推知，我们能从文章中得出：一点善意会大有帮助。故选C。
(2024·常州校级三模)C
逐题讲解 I used to be part of the group of “no phone calls allowed”, but now I'm used to turning on my phone's ring. Some of my friends usually call me at night. Then come anywhere from 20 minutes to two hours of conversations that include everything from pop culture and our days at work to our friends. It's like being transported back to high school in the 1990s, where you would call your classmates secretly at night.
When it's finally time to end these conversations, with a silly smile on my face, I'm ready to sleep.
Why do these feelings come with a phone call, but not with a night of texting or messaging? It might be because in our culture of busyness, someone taking time out to have a non - necessary phone conversation means they're saying “You matter to me.” Neuroscientist Dr Lila Landowski says, “When we talk to people we care about—whether in person or over the phone—our brain produces oxytocin(催产素). Oxytocin is responsible(负责的) for that feeling of being close and connected to someone. And it also makes us feel better by reducing the levels of stress hormones(荷尔蒙) in our body. Text messaging doesn't seem to have similar effects.”
But people born after 1988 seldom answer their phones. Growing up with mobile phones and messaging, they believe a phone call means less time to think about how to reply, more possibility of hurting another person, and of course more awkward(尴尬的) silence.
Yet it would seem that those who avoid the phone call are missing out. Professor Barbara Keys says research has shown that phone calls make people feel wanted, needed, included and involved(参与的). That's certainly the case for me. I no longer see a night at home as a boring time to be filled with a TV show I'm only half - interested in. Tonight, a phone call means I'll discover something new about someone I care about, and laugh at least three times.
32. What do we know about the writer in Paragraph 1?
A. He calls others only when necessary.
B. He misses his high school classmates.
C. He enjoys the phone calls from his friends.
D. He finds it hard to sleep when he feels excited.
33. How does oxytocin influence(影响) people?
A. It makes us feel connected to others.
B. It processes(处理) text information.
C. It increases stress hormone levels.
D. It helps us express ourselves clearly.
34. Which would the writer agree with according to Paragraph 3?
A. Young people seldom miss others' calls.
B. Young people prefer to make friends online.
C. Young people heavily depend on mobile phones.
D. Young people dislike answering phone calls these days.
35. What's the best title for the passage?
A. Before you pick up your phone, think twice
B. If you avoid phone calls, you're missing out
C. What happens in our brain when we call others?
D. How communications have changed over time
逐题讲解 I used to be part of the group of “no phone calls allowed”, but now I'm used to turning on my phone's ring. Some of my friends usually call me at night. Then come anywhere from 20 minutes to two hours of conversations that include everything from pop culture and our days at work to our friends. It's like being transported back to high school in the 1990s, where you would call your classmates secretly at night.
When it's finally time to end these conversations, with a silly smile on my face, I'm ready to sleep.
Why do these feelings come with a phone call, but not with a night of texting or messaging? It might be because in our culture of busyness, someone taking time out to have a non - necessary phone conversation means they're saying “You matter to me.” Neuroscientist Dr Lila Landowski says, “When we talk to people we care about—whether in person or over the phone—our brain produces oxytocin(催产素). Oxytocin is responsible(负责的) for that feeling of being close and connected to someone. And it also makes us feel better by reducing the levels of stress hormones(荷尔蒙) in our body. Text messaging doesn't seem to have similar effects.”
But people born after 1988 seldom answer their phones. Growing up with mobile phones and messaging, they believe a phone call means less time to think about how to reply, more possibility of hurting another person, and of course more awkward(尴尬的) silence.
Yet it would seem that those who avoid the phone call are missing out. Professor Barbara Keys says research has shown that phone calls make people feel wanted, needed, included and involved(参与的). That's certainly the case for me. I no longer see a night at home as a boring time to be filled with a TV show I'm only half - interested in. Tonight, a phone call means I'll discover something new about someone I care about, and laugh at least three times.
32. What do we know about the writer in Paragraph 1?
A. He calls others only when necessary.
B. He misses his high school classmates.
C. He enjoys the phone calls from his friends.
D. He finds it hard to sleep when he feels excited.
33. How does oxytocin influence(影响) people?
A. It makes us feel connected to others.
B. It processes(处理) text information.
C. It increases stress hormone levels.
D. It helps us express ourselves clearly.
34. Which would the writer agree with according to Paragraph 3?
A. Young people seldom miss others' calls.
B. Young people prefer to make friends online.
C. Young people heavily depend on mobile phones.
D. Young people dislike answering phone calls these days.
35. What's the best title for the passage?
A. Before you pick up your phone, think twice
B. If you avoid phone calls, you're missing out
C. What happens in our brain when we call others?
D. How communications have changed over time
答案
32~35 CADD
[文章大意]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者从曾经反对电话打扰到如今习惯并享受与朋友的电话交流的转变。
32. C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I used to be part of the group of ‘no phone calls allowed’, but now I'm used to turning on my phone's ring.”以及“When it's finally time to end these conversations, with a silly smile on my face, I'm ready to sleep.”可推断，作者曾经反对电话打扰，但如今喜欢和朋友电话交流。故选C。
33. A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Oxytocin is responsible for that feeling of being close and connected to someone... reducing the levels of stress hormones in our body.”可知，催产素负责产生与某人亲近和联系的感觉，还通过降低我们体内的应激激素水平使我们感觉更好。故选A。
34. D 推理判断题。根据第三段“But people born after 1988 seldom answer their phones... they believe a phone call means less time to think about how to reply...”可知，1988年以后出生的人很少接电话，他们认为接电话意味着思考如何回复的时间更少，伤害他人的可能性更大，当然也意味着更尴尬的沉默，所以可推知，作者会同意现在的年轻人不喜欢接电话。故选D。
35. D 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了作者从曾经反对电话打扰到如今习惯并享受与朋友的电话交流的转变，探讨了电话交流相较于文字信息交流的独特价值和情感连接，同时指出年轻一代对电话交流的回避态度以及这种回避可能带来的遗憾，所以D项最适合作本文标题。故选D。
易错点拨 A选项仅在文章第三段有所提及，且不符合本篇文章乐于打电话的主旨，故排除；B选项出自文章最后一段开头，但是与原文“it would seem”的表述不相符，故排除；C选项仅在第二段有所提及，故排除。
[文章大意]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者从曾经反对电话打扰到如今习惯并享受与朋友的电话交流的转变。
32. C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I used to be part of the group of ‘no phone calls allowed’, but now I'm used to turning on my phone's ring.”以及“When it's finally time to end these conversations, with a silly smile on my face, I'm ready to sleep.”可推断，作者曾经反对电话打扰，但如今喜欢和朋友电话交流。故选C。
33. A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Oxytocin is responsible for that feeling of being close and connected to someone... reducing the levels of stress hormones in our body.”可知，催产素负责产生与某人亲近和联系的感觉，还通过降低我们体内的应激激素水平使我们感觉更好。故选A。
34. D 推理判断题。根据第三段“But people born after 1988 seldom answer their phones... they believe a phone call means less time to think about how to reply...”可知，1988年以后出生的人很少接电话，他们认为接电话意味着思考如何回复的时间更少，伤害他人的可能性更大，当然也意味着更尴尬的沉默，所以可推知，作者会同意现在的年轻人不喜欢接电话。故选D。
35. D 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了作者从曾经反对电话打扰到如今习惯并享受与朋友的电话交流的转变，探讨了电话交流相较于文字信息交流的独特价值和情感连接，同时指出年轻一代对电话交流的回避态度以及这种回避可能带来的遗憾，所以D项最适合作本文标题。故选D。
易错点拨 A选项仅在文章第三段有所提及，且不符合本篇文章乐于打电话的主旨，故排除；B选项出自文章最后一段开头，但是与原文“it would seem”的表述不相符，故排除；C选项仅在第二段有所提及，故排除。
