一、根据汉语意思写单词。
1. I'm (好奇的) about everything new and enjoy sharing it with my friends.
2. This area of the (海岸) is home to hundreds of birds and plants.
3. A balanced diet (包括) different kinds of foods.
4. The children dug a big hole in the (沙子) and they played happily.
5. Every spring, the dry grass turns green and becomes (活着) again.

一、1.curious 2.coast 3.includes 4.sand 5.alive

【分析】
这是一道根据汉语提示填写单词的基础英语题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读每个句子，理解语境，确定空格处单词的词性和在句中的作用；
2. 结合汉语意思回忆对应的英文单词，同时要考虑语法规则，比如主谓一致、词性适配等；
3. 对于固定搭配的短语，直接匹配对应的单词，比如第1题的“be curious about”是固定表达，需填curious；第3题主语是单数名词短语，一般现在时中动词要使用第三人称单数形式，所以include要变为includes；第5题需要形容词作表语，因此选择alive。
【解析】
1. 空格前是be动词am，结合汉语“好奇的”以及固定搭配“be curious about（对……好奇）”，此处应填curious；
2. 根据汉语“海岸”，对应的英文单词是coast，句中特指这片海岸区域，用单数形式即可，填coast；
3. 主语“A balanced diet（均衡饮食）”是单数第三人称，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词“包括”include要变为第三人称单数形式includes；
4. 汉语“沙子”对应的英文是sand，此处表示挖洞的沙子，sand作为不可数名词，直接填sand；
5. 空格前是系动词becomes，需要形容词作表语，汉语“活着”对应的形容词是alive，故填alive。
【答案】
一、1.curious 2.coast 3.includes 4.sand 5.alive
【知识点】
固定短语搭配、主谓一致、词性辨析运用
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词汇的运用，侧重对固定搭配、语法规则（主谓一致）以及词性适配的考查，要求学生在掌握单词词义的同时，结合语境和语法准确填写单词形式，是夯实英语基础的典型题型。
【难度系数】
0.8

二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
6. It's (risk) for kids to swim in rivers or lakes.
7. China grows a lot of rice, mostly in the (south) areas.
8. Xu Xiake preferred to staying at home, and he later became a great . (travel)
9. The bird builds its "home" by using (nature) materials like leaves and dry grass.
10. This is my second time visiting Qinhuangdao. There are a lot of beautiful (beach) there.

二、6.risky 7.southern 8.travelling;traveller 9.natural 10.beaches

【分析】
这是一组词性转换类填空题，解题思路是先分析每个句子的结构和空格处所需的词性，再结合所给单词进行相应的词性转换，同时注意固定搭配和名词单复数变化：
1. 第6题：考查固定句型“It's + 形容词 + for sb to do sth”，空格处需要形容词作表语，所以将名词/动词risk转换为形容词形式。
2. 第7题：空格后是名词areas，需要形容词来修饰，因此把名词south变为形容词形式。
3. 第8题：第一空考查固定搭配“prefer doing sth to doing sth”（比起做某事更喜欢做某事），需将travel变为动名词形式；第二空根据句意“成为伟大的旅行者”，需要名词形式，将travel转换为表示人的名词。
4. 第9题：空格后是名词materials，需要形容词修饰，把名词nature转换为形容词形式。
5. 第10题：“a lot of”后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，beach是可数名词，所以要变为复数形式。
【解析】
6. 固定句型“It's + 形容词 + for sb to do sth”中，空格处需填形容词，risk的形容词形式是risky，故填risky。
7. 名词areas前需用形容词修饰，south的形容词形式是southern，故填southern。
8. 第一空：根据固定搭配“prefer doing sth to doing sth”，travel的动名词形式是travelling；第二空：表示“旅行者”，travel对应的表示人的名词是traveller，故依次填travelling; traveller。
9. 名词materials前需用形容词修饰，nature的形容词形式是natural，故填natural。
10. “a lot of”后接可数名词复数，beach的复数形式是beaches，故填beaches。
【答案】
6.risky 7.southern 8.travelling;traveller 9.natural 10.beaches
【知识点】
1. 词性转换
2. 固定搭配
3. 名词单复数
【点评】
本题主要考查英语基础语法中的词性转换、固定句型搭配以及名词单复数变化，题目紧扣初中英语核心知识点，侧重对学生基础知识掌握和灵活运用能力的考查，需要学生熟练掌握常见单词的不同词性形式及相关固定表达。
【难度系数】
0.7

三、用方框中所给单词或词组的适当形式填空。每词 (组) 限用一次。
|different types of|attract|underwater|lifetime|after all|
11. As a Chinese citizen (公民), I feel proud that our country many people from different countries.
12. Could you please stop shouting at your son? , he is only three years old.
13. The Great Barrier Reef is an amazing world, so you can't miss it.
14. She spends her on the farm. She says farming experience is the best teacher.
15. There are many flowers in the garden.

三、11.attracts 12.After all 13.underwater 14.lifetime 15.different types of

【分析】
我们可以结合每个句子的语境和语法要求，逐一分析选择合适的词汇：
1. 第11题：句子表达国家吸引他国人民，主语“our country”是第三人称单数，一般现在时中谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，所以选择“attract”的对应形式。
2. 第12题：前文说不要对儿子大喊，后文解释他只有三岁，需要一个表示“毕竟、终究”的词组来衔接语境，“after all”符合这个逻辑。
3. 第13题：大堡礁是知名的水下景观，这里需要一个形容词修饰“world”，“underwater”（水下的）能准确描述其特点。
4. 第14题：句子表达她在农场度过一生，“spend one's lifetime”是固定搭配，意为“度过某人的一生”，所以选“lifetime”。
5. 第15题：描述花园里的花，需要一个表示种类多样的词组，“different types of”（不同种类的）可以修饰“flowers”，符合语境。
【解析】
11. 主语“our country”是第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，故填“attracts”。
12. 根据语境，此处需要表示“毕竟”的词组来解释原因，且句首单词首字母需大写，故填“After all”。
13. 修饰名词“world”，用形容词“underwater”表示“水下的”，符合大堡礁的属性，故填“underwater”。
14. “spend one's lifetime”是固定搭配，意为“度过某人的一生”，符合句子表达的含义，故填“lifetime”。
15. 修饰复数名词“flowers”，用词组“different types of”表示“不同种类的”，符合描述花园花卉的语境，故填“different types of”。
【答案】
三、11.attracts 12.After all 13.underwater 14.lifetime 15.different types of
【知识点】
1. 动词第三人称单数
2. 固定短语运用
3. 形容词作定语
【点评】
本题考查词汇在具体语境中的灵活运用，既需要结合句子语义选择合适的词汇，又要兼顾语法规则（如动词形式、大小写），对学生的基础词汇掌握和语境理解能力有一定要求。
【难度系数】
0.7

四、阅读理解。
The Xisha Islands are in the northwest of the South China Sea. They are beautiful places with nice views and many resources. This is how our primary school textbook describes them.
Many Chinese people know about the South China Sea and the Xisha Islands, but only a few have been there. These islands are faraway and have a weak ecosystem. Because of this, most activities there are just fishing, protecting the environment and doing scientific studies. Visitors are mainly government workers, fishermen's relatives and media members.
In 2007, the Chinese government set up Sansha City on Xisha's Yongxing Island. I once visited Yongle Islands, part of Sansha. I thought the fishermen's homes would be simple, but they were very comfortable. The island had a vegetable garden, and green vegetables were seen on the local tables. I stayed in a hotel with a sports field downstairs. After dinner, everyone got together to play games. Later, I walked along the island's paths, enjoying the sea view and peaceful moment.
Fishermen told me they used traditional ways to fish. They knew exactly which fish could be caught because of their different sizes. As for smaller fish, fishermen released them back into the sea.
One thing that I never forgot was an outdoor movie called Island Keeper. It was about a couple who guarded (保卫) the island for 32 years. Many fishermen were moved to tears. One fisherman said as life on the island improved, his family loved to stay on the island during the fishing season. He also drove a passenger boat, so he made more money even when he was not fishing.
The careful management of the Xisha Islands limits (限制) tourism but gives job opportunities to local fishermen.
()16. What causes only a few people to visit the Xisha Islands?
①The islands are faraway.
②Not many people know the islands.
③The ecosystem there is weak.
④The islands are used for scientific studies.
A. ①②
B. ③④
C. ①③
D. ②④
()17. What does the underlined word "released" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Looked for.
B. Cut... down.
C. Took care of.
D. Let... go.
()18. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Fishermen catch fish in modern ways.
B. Fishermen enjoy their life on the islands.
C. More and more visitors come to Xisha Islands now.
D. The living conditions of fishermen are poor and simple.
()19. What's the main idea of the passage?
A. The beautiful scenery and rich resources of the Xisha Islands.
B. The history and development of Sansha City on the Xisha Islands.
C. The writer's experience in the Xisha Islands and the management and life there.
D. The traditional fishing methods of fishermen in the Xisha Islands.

四、16—19.CDBC
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了西沙群岛及现状，讲述了作者在西沙群岛的所见所闻。
16.C【思路点拨】细节理解题。根据第二段“These islands are faraway and have a weak ecosystem”可知，只有很少的人游览西沙群岛的原因是岛屿距离远、生态环境脆弱。故选 C。
17.D【思路点拨】词义猜测题。根据第四段“They knew exactly which fish could be caught because of their different sizes”及“back into the sea”可知，渔民会根据鱼的大小判断是否捕捞，会把小鱼放回海里。故选 D。
18.B【思路点拨】推理判断题。根据第五段“One fisherman said ... his family loved to stay on the island during the fishing season”可知，渔民们享受在岛上的生活。故选 B。
19.C【思路点拨】文章大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了作者在西沙群岛的经历以及西沙群岛的管理与生活。故选 C。

【分析】
1. 第16题是细节理解题，解题时需先明确题干问题，再回到原文第二段定位关键信息“These islands are faraway and have a weak ecosystem”，对比选项找到对应的原因①③即可确定答案。
2. 第17题是词义猜测题，要结合上下文语境分析，前文提到渔民按鱼的大小判断是否捕捞，后文提到“back into the sea”，由此可推断小鱼被放回海里，进而猜测出单词含义。
3. 第18题是推理判断题，需从原文第五段渔民的表述中提取依据，通过“家人喜欢在捕鱼季待在岛上”“能通过开客船多赚钱”等内容，推断出渔民享受岛上生活的结论，同时排除不符合原文的选项。
4. 第19题是主旨大意题，需通读全文，梳理文章脉络：先介绍西沙群岛基本情况，再讲述作者在西沙的经历、当地渔民生活及岛屿管理模式，总结出文章核心内容。
【解析】
16. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“These islands are faraway and have a weak ecosystem.”可知，西沙群岛距离遥远且生态系统脆弱，这两个原因导致很少有人前往，对应选项中的①③，故选C。
17. 词义猜测题。根据第四段“They knew exactly which fish could be caught because of their different sizes. As for smaller fish, fishermen released them back into the sea.”可知，渔民会根据鱼的大小选择捕捞对象，小鱼会被放回海里，由此可推测“released”意为“放走，释放”，与“Let... go.”意思相近，故选D。
18. 推理判断题。根据第五段“One fisherman said as life on the island improved, his family loved to stay on the island during the fishing season. He also drove a passenger boat, so he made more money even when he was not fishing.”可知，随着岛上生活条件改善，渔民和家人喜欢待在岛上，还能有额外收入，由此可推断渔民享受在岛上的生活，故选B。
19. 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章先介绍西沙群岛的基本概况，接着讲述作者在西沙群岛的所见所闻，包括当地渔民的生活、岛屿的管理模式等，因此文章主旨是作者在西沙群岛的经历以及当地的管理与生活状况，故选C。
【答案】
16—19.CDBC
【知识点】
细节理解、词义猜测、主旨归纳
【点评】
本文是一篇记叙文，围绕西沙群岛展开，介绍了岛屿概况、管理模式以及当地渔民的生活，同时融入作者的亲身经历。题目涵盖多种常见阅读理解题型，考查学生提取信息、逻辑推理和归纳总结的能力，还能帮助学生了解我国西沙群岛的现状，增强家国情怀。
【难度系数】
0.6