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（2025·济南期末）Scientists at Stanford University have found a way to make the skin of living mice turn clear by rubbing a common yellow food dye(染料) called tartrazine(柠檬黄) on the mouse's skin. The discovery could one day help doctors see inside human bodies without cutting them open.
The scientists mixed tartrazine with water to make the liquid. When they tested this mixture on very thin slices of chicken, the chicken began to turn clear. Next, the researchers decided to try the colouring on the skin of living mice. First they got the hair out of the way. Then, they rubbed the liquid on the skin of the mice. In just a few minutes, the skin of the mice became see-through. Using the liquid, the scientists were able to see inside a mouse's brain. When the liquid was washed off, the skin returned to normal.
To understand how the new discovery works, it's helpful to think about how light travels through different materials. Light travels in a straight line, unless it runs into something. Then, it usually bends(弯曲). Glass is easy to see through because light only takes a slight bend when it goes through the glass. But skin isn't like glass. The skin is made of many different parts, like water, fat and so on. These different materials make it hard to see through skin. Tartrazine makes the watery parts of the skin more like the other areas. When the light mostly bends the same way, the skin becomes see-through.
Guosong Hong, one of the leaders of the research, says that if something similar could be made to work on humans, it could lead to exciting medical development. The scientists say more work needs to be done before a similar method can be used on humans. The dye only works on thin skin, and human skin is much thicker than the skin of mice.
1. What did the scientists find at Stanford University?
A. A way to treat skin problems.
B. A way to make the mice grow quickly.
C. A way to help doctors cut human bodies open.
D. A way to make the skin of living mice become clear.
2. How was the result of the test according to Paragraph 2?
A. Unexpected.
B. Meaningless.
C. Incorrect.
D. Successful.
3.语言能力 归纳能力 What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. How light travels through glass.
B. The importance of tartrazine.
C. How tartrazine makes the skin see-through.
D. The difference between skin and glass.
4. What is the value of the research at Stanford University?
A. It's only useful for animal skin studies.
B. It could improve medical study.
C. It helps understand light and materials better.
D. It provides a way to make glass bend.
（2025·济南期末）Scientists at Stanford University have found a way to make the skin of living mice turn clear by rubbing a common yellow food dye(染料) called tartrazine(柠檬黄) on the mouse's skin. The discovery could one day help doctors see inside human bodies without cutting them open.
The scientists mixed tartrazine with water to make the liquid. When they tested this mixture on very thin slices of chicken, the chicken began to turn clear. Next, the researchers decided to try the colouring on the skin of living mice. First they got the hair out of the way. Then, they rubbed the liquid on the skin of the mice. In just a few minutes, the skin of the mice became see-through. Using the liquid, the scientists were able to see inside a mouse's brain. When the liquid was washed off, the skin returned to normal.
To understand how the new discovery works, it's helpful to think about how light travels through different materials. Light travels in a straight line, unless it runs into something. Then, it usually bends(弯曲). Glass is easy to see through because light only takes a slight bend when it goes through the glass. But skin isn't like glass. The skin is made of many different parts, like water, fat and so on. These different materials make it hard to see through skin. Tartrazine makes the watery parts of the skin more like the other areas. When the light mostly bends the same way, the skin becomes see-through.
Guosong Hong, one of the leaders of the research, says that if something similar could be made to work on humans, it could lead to exciting medical development. The scientists say more work needs to be done before a similar method can be used on humans. The dye only works on thin skin, and human skin is much thicker than the skin of mice.
1. What did the scientists find at Stanford University?
A. A way to treat skin problems.
B. A way to make the mice grow quickly.
C. A way to help doctors cut human bodies open.
D. A way to make the skin of living mice become clear.
2. How was the result of the test according to Paragraph 2?
A. Unexpected.
B. Meaningless.
C. Incorrect.
D. Successful.
3.
A. How light travels through glass.
B. The importance of tartrazine.
C. How tartrazine makes the skin see-through.
D. The difference between skin and glass.
4. What is the value of the research at Stanford University?
A. It's only useful for animal skin studies.
B. It could improve medical study.
C. It helps understand light and materials better.
D. It provides a way to make glass bend.
答案
1.D 2.D 3.C 4.B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了斯坦福大学的科学家们发现了一种通过用柠檬黄染料擦拭活体小白鼠皮肤使其变透明的方法，未来或有助于医生无需切开人体即可观察其内部情况，但该方法还需进一步研究才能应用于人体。
1. D 解析：细节理解题。根据“Scientists at Stanford University have found a way to make the skin of living mice turn clear ...”可知，斯坦福大学的科学家们已经找到了一种让活体老鼠的皮肤变得透明的方法。故选 D。
2. D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知，当科学家们测试这种混合物时，鸡肉片和老鼠皮肤都变得透明，因此测试结果是成功的。故选 D。
3. C 解析：段落大意题。通读整段和“To understand how the new discovery works ...”可知，第三段描述了柠檬黄如何使皮肤变透明的原理，因此本段的主要内容是柠檬黄如何使皮肤变透明。故选 C。
4. B 解析：推理判断题。根据“The discovery could one day help doctors see inside human bodies without cutting them open.”可知，这项研究可能有助于未来在不切开人类身体的前提下进行医学检查，因此可以改进医学研究。故选 B。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了斯坦福大学的科学家们发现了一种通过用柠檬黄染料擦拭活体小白鼠皮肤使其变透明的方法，未来或有助于医生无需切开人体即可观察其内部情况，但该方法还需进一步研究才能应用于人体。
1. D 解析：细节理解题。根据“Scientists at Stanford University have found a way to make the skin of living mice turn clear ...”可知，斯坦福大学的科学家们已经找到了一种让活体老鼠的皮肤变得透明的方法。故选 D。
2. D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知，当科学家们测试这种混合物时，鸡肉片和老鼠皮肤都变得透明，因此测试结果是成功的。故选 D。
3. C 解析：段落大意题。通读整段和“To understand how the new discovery works ...”可知，第三段描述了柠檬黄如何使皮肤变透明的原理，因此本段的主要内容是柠檬黄如何使皮肤变透明。故选 C。
4. B 解析：推理判断题。根据“The discovery could one day help doctors see inside human bodies without cutting them open.”可知，这项研究可能有助于未来在不切开人类身体的前提下进行医学检查，因此可以改进医学研究。故选 B。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇科技类阅读理解，包含细节理解、推理判断、段落大意归纳三类题型。解题时需先通读全文，再针对每道题定位原文关键信息：第1题定位斯坦福大学的核心发现；第2题分析第二段的测试结果；第3题梳理第三段的核心内容；第4题结合研究价值的原文表述判断选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“Scientists at Stanford University have found a way to make the skin of living mice turn clear...”可知，斯坦福大学科学家发现让活体老鼠皮肤变透明的方法，对应选项D。
2. 推理判断题：第二段提到测试时鸡肉片和老鼠皮肤都变透明，说明测试结果成功，对应选项D。
3. 段落大意题：第三段开头“To understand how the new discovery works...”引出原理，内容围绕柠檬黄如何使皮肤变透明展开，对应选项C。
4. 推理判断题：原文指出该发现未来可帮助医生无需切开人体观察内部，说明能改进医学研究，对应选项B。
【答案】
1.D 2.D 3.C 4.B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解、推理判断、段落归纳
【点评】
本文为科技说明文，考查学生提取关键信息、推理判断及归纳段落主旨的能力，题型常规，需学生精准定位原文对应内容即可解答。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇科技类阅读理解，包含细节理解、推理判断、段落大意归纳三类题型。解题时需先通读全文，再针对每道题定位原文关键信息：第1题定位斯坦福大学的核心发现；第2题分析第二段的测试结果；第3题梳理第三段的核心内容；第4题结合研究价值的原文表述判断选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“Scientists at Stanford University have found a way to make the skin of living mice turn clear...”可知，斯坦福大学科学家发现让活体老鼠皮肤变透明的方法，对应选项D。
2. 推理判断题：第二段提到测试时鸡肉片和老鼠皮肤都变透明，说明测试结果成功，对应选项D。
3. 段落大意题：第三段开头“To understand how the new discovery works...”引出原理，内容围绕柠檬黄如何使皮肤变透明展开，对应选项C。
4. 推理判断题：原文指出该发现未来可帮助医生无需切开人体观察内部，说明能改进医学研究，对应选项B。
【答案】
1.D 2.D 3.C 4.B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解、推理判断、段落归纳
【点评】
本文为科技说明文，考查学生提取关键信息、推理判断及归纳段落主旨的能力，题型常规，需学生精准定位原文对应内容即可解答。
【难度系数】
0.6
