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Different types of maps have different uses. Tourist maps, for example, have signs to show places of interest in an area. When tourists read these maps, it is easy for them to find where to go and what to see in a place and it is easy for them to go and find their ways to these places.
Road maps show large areas so that people can plan long journeys. Different types of roads are given different numbers. For example, if you want to go to Wuhan, you can just follow G70 Road and keep looking at the road signs.
Distribution maps(分布图) use colours or signs to show facts about an area, for example, where different languages are spoken, how many people live in an area, how cold and hot some places are, or whether rice grows in certain places.
Some maps, such as railway maps, use straight lines to show everything. This is easy for people to read. Trains are fast. People don't have to think about small places they go past. They just need to know the two ends of their trips.
(
A. a road map B. a tourist map
C. a distribution map D. a railway map
(
A. finding the numbers B. using different colours
C. using straight lines D. looking at the road signs
(
A. how to get to Germany
B. how to plan a long journey
C. which place grows bananas
D. where a famous museum is
(
A. railways are straight
B. people like straight lines
C. railways have only two ends
D. people can read them easily
(
A. how to make different maps
B. the different uses of the maps
C. where to find different maps
D. the numbers in maps are useful
Different types of maps have different uses. Tourist maps, for example, have signs to show places of interest in an area. When tourists read these maps, it is easy for them to find where to go and what to see in a place and it is easy for them to go and find their ways to these places.
Road maps show large areas so that people can plan long journeys. Different types of roads are given different numbers. For example, if you want to go to Wuhan, you can just follow G70 Road and keep looking at the road signs.
Distribution maps(分布图) use colours or signs to show facts about an area, for example, where different languages are spoken, how many people live in an area, how cold and hot some places are, or whether rice grows in certain places.
Some maps, such as railway maps, use straight lines to show everything. This is easy for people to read. Trains are fast. People don't have to think about small places they go past. They just need to know the two ends of their trips.
(
B
)8. Jim wants to visit some places of interest. He needs most.A. a road map B. a tourist map
C. a distribution map D. a railway map
(
A
)9. You can tell different roads on road maps by .A. finding the numbers B. using different colours
C. using straight lines D. looking at the road signs
(
C
)10. According to distribution maps, we can probably know .A. how to get to Germany
B. how to plan a long journey
C. which place grows bananas
D. where a famous museum is
(
D
)11. Railway maps use straight lines because .A. railways are straight
B. people like straight lines
C. railways have only two ends
D. people can read them easily
(
B
)12. The passage above mainly tells us .A. how to make different maps
B. the different uses of the maps
C. where to find different maps
D. the numbers in maps are useful
答案
8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D 12. B
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍不同类型地图功能的说明类阅读，解题思路非常清晰：首先先通读所有题干，划出每道题的核心关键词，带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位，找到和题干描述匹配的原文内容，逐一比对选项就能选出正确答案，细节题不需要复杂推理，主旨题直接找全文开篇的主题句就能确定核心内容。
【解析】
8. 题干核心关键词是visit some places of interest，定位到原文第一段第二句“Tourist maps, for example, have signs to show places of interest in an area.”，可知旅游地图专门标注区域内的景点，想要游览景点最需要旅游地图，对应选B。
9. 题干核心关键词是tell different roads on road maps，定位到原文第二段第二句“Different types of roads are given different numbers.”，可知公路地图上不同类型的道路被赋予了不同编号，靠数字就可以区分不同道路，对应选A。
10. 题干核心关键词是distribution maps，定位到原文第三段，提到分布图可以展示某区域是否种植水稻这类物产相关的信息，选项里“哪个地方种植香蕉”属于分布图可展示的地理物产信息，其余选项都不属于分布图的功能，对应选C。
11. 题干核心关键词是Railway maps use straight lines，定位到原文第四段前两句“Some maps, such as railway maps, use straight lines to show everything. This is easy for people to read.”，可知铁路地图用直线的原因是方便人们阅读，对应选D。
12. 全文开篇第一句就点明主题“Different types of maps have different uses.”，后文分别介绍了旅游地图、公路地图、分布图、铁路地图各自的用途，因此全文主旨是介绍不同地图的不同用途，对应选B。
【答案】
8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D 12. B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找
阅读理解主旨大意
语篇信息匹配
【点评】
本篇属于基础难度的说明类阅读，所有题目几乎都能通过原文直接定位得到答案，不需要复杂的逻辑推理，主要考察学生快速抓取题干关键词、回原文匹配信息的基础阅读能力，做题时要注意不要脱离题干限定的场景，比如第9题要注意题干限定的是“在公路地图上”区分道路的方式，不要和现实里看路牌的常识混淆，避免误选。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍不同类型地图功能的说明类阅读，解题思路非常清晰：首先先通读所有题干，划出每道题的核心关键词，带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位，找到和题干描述匹配的原文内容，逐一比对选项就能选出正确答案，细节题不需要复杂推理，主旨题直接找全文开篇的主题句就能确定核心内容。
【解析】
8. 题干核心关键词是visit some places of interest，定位到原文第一段第二句“Tourist maps, for example, have signs to show places of interest in an area.”，可知旅游地图专门标注区域内的景点，想要游览景点最需要旅游地图，对应选B。
9. 题干核心关键词是tell different roads on road maps，定位到原文第二段第二句“Different types of roads are given different numbers.”，可知公路地图上不同类型的道路被赋予了不同编号，靠数字就可以区分不同道路，对应选A。
10. 题干核心关键词是distribution maps，定位到原文第三段，提到分布图可以展示某区域是否种植水稻这类物产相关的信息，选项里“哪个地方种植香蕉”属于分布图可展示的地理物产信息，其余选项都不属于分布图的功能，对应选C。
11. 题干核心关键词是Railway maps use straight lines，定位到原文第四段前两句“Some maps, such as railway maps, use straight lines to show everything. This is easy for people to read.”，可知铁路地图用直线的原因是方便人们阅读，对应选D。
12. 全文开篇第一句就点明主题“Different types of maps have different uses.”，后文分别介绍了旅游地图、公路地图、分布图、铁路地图各自的用途，因此全文主旨是介绍不同地图的不同用途，对应选B。
【答案】
8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D 12. B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找
阅读理解主旨大意
语篇信息匹配
【点评】
本篇属于基础难度的说明类阅读，所有题目几乎都能通过原文直接定位得到答案，不需要复杂的逻辑推理，主要考察学生快速抓取题干关键词、回原文匹配信息的基础阅读能力，做题时要注意不要脱离题干限定的场景，比如第9题要注意题干限定的是“在公路地图上”区分道路的方式，不要和现实里看路牌的常识混淆，避免误选。
【难度系数】
0.8
