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Ⅳ. 阅读与回答问题(每小题2分,共10分)
根据短文内容,回答下列问题。
Rock climbing has been a popular sport for a long time. It's still popular today, but now a lot of rock climbers are trying something new—ice climbing.
Ice climbing is a lot like rock climbing. When you go rock climbing, you climb a mountain. When you go ice climbing, you climb ice. Some ice climbers climb frozen waterfalls. Others climb glaciers(冰川). Still others climb mountains that are covered with ice. Sometimes, they climb a mountain that is covered with ice only in some places.
As people made better equipment(装备), ice climbing started to become easier and more popular. In 1908, a climber made special boots called "crampons". These boots made ice climbing easier and safer. After that, more people were willing to try ice climbing. In the 1960s, another climber invented special axes. Climbers can use the axes to hit the ice. The axes go into the ice. Then the climber can pull himself or herself up.
These days, a lot of people are taking ice climbing classes. In order to go ice climbing, you have to be strong and healthy. In fact, some teachers say that you should do special exercises before you start to climb.
Here's one good thing about ice climbing. You can do it in easy places or difficult places. People who want to try something simple can climb glaciers or small mountains. Those are usually pretty easy. People who want to try something more challenging can find a more difficult place. The hardest places are usually steep mountains and frozen waterfalls. However, you should never go ice climbing alone.
A lot of people love ice climbing because it's hard. These people like to challenge themselves. Some say that when you get to the top of a glacier or a frozen waterfall, you'll have the best feeling.
1. Where can people go ice climbing?
2. When was a kind of special axe invented?
3. What's the good thing about ice climbing?
4. Why should people do special exercises before they begin to go ice climbing?
5. 新考法 开放性试题 Do you prefer easy places or difficult places to try ice climbing? Why?
根据短文内容,回答下列问题。
Rock climbing has been a popular sport for a long time. It's still popular today, but now a lot of rock climbers are trying something new—ice climbing.
Ice climbing is a lot like rock climbing. When you go rock climbing, you climb a mountain. When you go ice climbing, you climb ice. Some ice climbers climb frozen waterfalls. Others climb glaciers(冰川). Still others climb mountains that are covered with ice. Sometimes, they climb a mountain that is covered with ice only in some places.
As people made better equipment(装备), ice climbing started to become easier and more popular. In 1908, a climber made special boots called "crampons". These boots made ice climbing easier and safer. After that, more people were willing to try ice climbing. In the 1960s, another climber invented special axes. Climbers can use the axes to hit the ice. The axes go into the ice. Then the climber can pull himself or herself up.
These days, a lot of people are taking ice climbing classes. In order to go ice climbing, you have to be strong and healthy. In fact, some teachers say that you should do special exercises before you start to climb.
Here's one good thing about ice climbing. You can do it in easy places or difficult places. People who want to try something simple can climb glaciers or small mountains. Those are usually pretty easy. People who want to try something more challenging can find a more difficult place. The hardest places are usually steep mountains and frozen waterfalls. However, you should never go ice climbing alone.
A lot of people love ice climbing because it's hard. These people like to challenge themselves. Some say that when you get to the top of a glacier or a frozen waterfall, you'll have the best feeling.
1. Where can people go ice climbing?
On frozen waterfalls, glaciers or ice-covered mountains.
2. When was a kind of special axe invented?
In the 1960s.
3. What's the good thing about ice climbing?
People can choose easy or difficult places to climb.
4. Why should people do special exercises before they begin to go ice climbing?
Because they need to be strong and healthy for ice climbing.
5. 新考法 开放性试题 Do you prefer easy places or difficult places to try ice climbing? Why?
I prefer easy places, because I can stay experiencing the excitement of the sport./I prefer difficult places, because I can challenge myself.(答案不唯一,言之有理即可)
答案
1. On frozen waterfalls, glaciers or ice-covered mountains.
解析:根据“Some ice climbers climb frozen waterfalls. Others climb glaciers. Still others climb mountains that are covered with ice.”可知,攀冰的场地有冰冻瀑布、冰川和被冰覆盖的山脉。
2. In the 1960s. 解析:根据“In the 1960s, another climber invented special axes.”可知,特殊冰斧在20世纪60年代被发明。
3. People can choose easy or difficult places to climb. 解析:根据“Here's one good thing about ice climbing. You can do it in easy places or difficult places.”可知,攀冰的好处是可以选择简单或困难的场地。
4. Because they need to be strong and healthy for ice climbing.
解析:根据“In order to go ice climbing, you have to be strong and healthy. In fact, some teachers say that you should do special exercises before you start to climb.”可知,攀冰需要强壮健康的身体,所以要提前做专项锻炼。
5. I prefer easy places, because I can stay experiencing the excitement of the sport./I prefer difficult places, because I can challenge myself.(答案不唯一,言之有理即可)
解析:根据“Some ice climbers climb frozen waterfalls. Others climb glaciers. Still others climb mountains that are covered with ice.”可知,攀冰的场地有冰冻瀑布、冰川和被冰覆盖的山脉。
2. In the 1960s. 解析:根据“In the 1960s, another climber invented special axes.”可知,特殊冰斧在20世纪60年代被发明。
3. People can choose easy or difficult places to climb. 解析:根据“Here's one good thing about ice climbing. You can do it in easy places or difficult places.”可知,攀冰的好处是可以选择简单或困难的场地。
4. Because they need to be strong and healthy for ice climbing.
解析:根据“In order to go ice climbing, you have to be strong and healthy. In fact, some teachers say that you should do special exercises before you start to climb.”可知,攀冰需要强壮健康的身体,所以要提前做专项锻炼。
5. I prefer easy places, because I can stay experiencing the excitement of the sport./I prefer difficult places, because I can challenge myself.(答案不唯一,言之有理即可)
解析
【分析】
解答此类英语阅读回答问题，需遵循“通读全文→抓问题关键词→回原文定位→提取/整理答案”的思路：先通读短文掌握攀冰运动的相关背景，再针对每个问题的核心（如地点、时间、好处、原因、偏好及理由），锁定原文对应段落的关键语句，提取准确信息；开放性试题需结合自身实际，表达合理即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段“Some ice climbers climb frozen waterfalls. Others climb glaciers. Still others climb mountains that are covered with ice.”，提取核心地点信息整理为答案；
2. 定位原文第三段“In the 1960s, another climber invented special axes.”，直接提取时间信息；
3. 定位原文第五段“Here's one good thing about ice climbing. You can do it in easy places or difficult places.”，提取攀冰的好处；
4. 定位原文第四段“In order to go ice climbing, you have to be strong and healthy. In fact, some teachers say that you should do special exercises before you start to climb.”，提炼提前做专项锻炼的原因；
5. 开放性试题，结合自身偏好给出合理理由即可，答案不唯一。
【答案】
1. On frozen waterfalls, glaciers or ice-covered mountains.
2. In the 1960s.
3. People can choose easy or difficult places to climb.
4. Because they need to be strong and healthy for ice climbing.
5. I prefer easy places, because I can stay experiencing the excitement of the sport./I prefer difficult places, because I can challenge myself.(答案不唯一,言之有理即可)
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息查找、开放性表达
【点评】
本题围绕攀冰运动的相关信息设题，前4题考查学生快速定位原文细节的能力，第5题考查学生结合自身合理表达的能力，整体难度适中，注重基础信息的提取与语言的灵活运用。
【难度系数】
0.6
解答此类英语阅读回答问题，需遵循“通读全文→抓问题关键词→回原文定位→提取/整理答案”的思路：先通读短文掌握攀冰运动的相关背景，再针对每个问题的核心（如地点、时间、好处、原因、偏好及理由），锁定原文对应段落的关键语句，提取准确信息；开放性试题需结合自身实际，表达合理即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段“Some ice climbers climb frozen waterfalls. Others climb glaciers. Still others climb mountains that are covered with ice.”，提取核心地点信息整理为答案；
2. 定位原文第三段“In the 1960s, another climber invented special axes.”，直接提取时间信息；
3. 定位原文第五段“Here's one good thing about ice climbing. You can do it in easy places or difficult places.”，提取攀冰的好处；
4. 定位原文第四段“In order to go ice climbing, you have to be strong and healthy. In fact, some teachers say that you should do special exercises before you start to climb.”，提炼提前做专项锻炼的原因；
5. 开放性试题，结合自身偏好给出合理理由即可，答案不唯一。
【答案】
1. On frozen waterfalls, glaciers or ice-covered mountains.
2. In the 1960s.
3. People can choose easy or difficult places to climb.
4. Because they need to be strong and healthy for ice climbing.
5. I prefer easy places, because I can stay experiencing the excitement of the sport./I prefer difficult places, because I can challenge myself.(答案不唯一,言之有理即可)
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息查找、开放性表达
【点评】
本题围绕攀冰运动的相关信息设题，前4题考查学生快速定位原文细节的能力，第5题考查学生结合自身合理表达的能力，整体难度适中，注重基础信息的提取与语言的灵活运用。
【难度系数】
0.6
