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「2026 辽宁沈阳沈河期末」
Read an entry（条目） from an encyclopaedia.
Jonathan Swift (November 30, 1667—October 19,1745) was an Anglo-Irish satirist（讽刺作家）, poet, political leader and cleric（牧师）, widely regarded as one of the greatest prose（散文） satirists in the English language. He wrote both stories and poems; among the latter are the yearly poems collected under the title Stella’s Birthday, dedicated to（献给） Esther Johnson ( whom he called Stella).
Early life and education
Swift was born in Dublin, Ireland, shortly after his father’s death. He was raised by relatives and received his early education at Kilkenny College before attending Trinity College, Dublin. Financial insecurity（经济上的不安全感） and the political turmoil（动乱） of the time marked his youth. After leaving Ireland he spent several years in England in the household of Sir William Temple, serving as his secretary—a formative（有持续重大影响的） period that introduced Swift to the literary and political circles that shaped his career.
Career and major works
Swift’s works output mixed satire, polemics（论战）, and poetry. His major works include long prose satires A Tale of a Tub (1704), Drapier’s Letters (1725), A Modest Proposal (1729) and Gulliver’s Travels (1726), which is more famous in China. In addition to these public works, Swift wrote some poems and personal lyrics（个人抒情诗）, among them the birthday poems to Stella commonly referred to as Stella’s Birthday poems.
The Stella’s Birthday poems
Between about 1719 and 1727, Swift wrote poems every year for Esther Johnson’s birthday. These poems are warm, gently playful, and sometimes a little sad—very different from the sharp, fierce style of his famous political satires.
24. What is Jonathan Swift widely regarded as?
A.A leading Irish poet of the 18th century.
B.One of the greatest prose satirists in English.
C.An influential political leader in Dublin.
D.A devoted cleric who wrote religious works.
25. What does “the latter” refer to in the first paragraph?
A. Stories.
B. Writers.
C. Poems.
D. Relatives.
26. Which of the following works mentioned in the passage is more familiar to Chinese people?
A.Gulliver’s Travels.
B.A Modest Proposal.
C.A Tale of a Tub.
D.Drapier’s Letters.
社会
文学作家
「2026 辽宁沈阳沈河期末」
Read an entry（条目） from an encyclopaedia.
Jonathan Swift (November 30, 1667—October 19,1745) was an Anglo-Irish satirist（讽刺作家）, poet, political leader and cleric（牧师）, widely regarded as one of the greatest prose（散文） satirists in the English language. He wrote both stories and poems; among the latter are the yearly poems collected under the title Stella’s Birthday, dedicated to（献给） Esther Johnson ( whom he called Stella).
Early life and education
Swift was born in Dublin, Ireland, shortly after his father’s death. He was raised by relatives and received his early education at Kilkenny College before attending Trinity College, Dublin. Financial insecurity（经济上的不安全感） and the political turmoil（动乱） of the time marked his youth. After leaving Ireland he spent several years in England in the household of Sir William Temple, serving as his secretary—a formative（有持续重大影响的） period that introduced Swift to the literary and political circles that shaped his career.
Career and major works
Swift’s works output mixed satire, polemics（论战）, and poetry. His major works include long prose satires A Tale of a Tub (1704), Drapier’s Letters (1725), A Modest Proposal (1729) and Gulliver’s Travels (1726), which is more famous in China. In addition to these public works, Swift wrote some poems and personal lyrics（个人抒情诗）, among them the birthday poems to Stella commonly referred to as Stella’s Birthday poems.
The Stella’s Birthday poems
Between about 1719 and 1727, Swift wrote poems every year for Esther Johnson’s birthday. These poems are warm, gently playful, and sometimes a little sad—very different from the sharp, fierce style of his famous political satires.
24. What is Jonathan Swift widely regarded as?
A.A leading Irish poet of the 18th century.
B.One of the greatest prose satirists in English.
C.An influential political leader in Dublin.
D.A devoted cleric who wrote religious works.
25. What does “the latter” refer to in the first paragraph?
A. Stories.
B. Writers.
C. Poems.
D. Relatives.
26. Which of the following works mentioned in the passage is more familiar to Chinese people?
A.Gulliver’s Travels.
B.A Modest Proposal.
C.A Tale of a Tub.
D.Drapier’s Letters.
答案
IV.[语篇解读] 本文以百科条目的形式介绍了乔纳森·斯威夫特。
24.B 细节理解题。根据"Jonathan Swift... widely regarded as one of the greatest prose satirists in the English language."可知,他被广泛认为是英语语言中最伟大的散文讽刺作家之一。故选B。
25.C 推理判断题。根据"He wrote both stories and poems; among the latter are the yearly poems collected under the title Stella's Birthday"可知,他既写故事又写诗,在后者中,有以《斯特拉的生日》为题的年度诗集,所以此处的the latter指的是前边提到的诗。故选C。
26.A 细节理解题。根据"His major works include... Gulliver's Travels (1726), which is more famous in China."可知,《格列佛游记》更为中国人所熟知。故选A。
24.B 细节理解题。根据"Jonathan Swift... widely regarded as one of the greatest prose satirists in the English language."可知,他被广泛认为是英语语言中最伟大的散文讽刺作家之一。故选B。
25.C 推理判断题。根据"He wrote both stories and poems; among the latter are the yearly poems collected under the title Stella's Birthday"可知,他既写故事又写诗,在后者中,有以《斯特拉的生日》为题的年度诗集,所以此处的the latter指的是前边提到的诗。故选C。
26.A 细节理解题。根据"His major works include... Gulliver's Travels (1726), which is more famous in China."可知,《格列佛游记》更为中国人所熟知。故选A。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇百科类英语阅读理解题，包含3道小题，分别考查细节理解、代词指代判断和细节信息定位。解题思路为：1. 针对每道题的题干关键词，快速定位原文对应段落；2. 对比选项与原文表述，选出匹配的答案；3. 代词指代题需结合前文语境，确定指代对象。
【解析】
24. 细节理解题：根据第一段中“Jonathan Swift... widely regarded as one of the greatest prose satirists in the English language.”可知，乔纳森·斯威夫特被广泛认为是英语语言中最伟大的散文讽刺作家之一，对应选项B。
25. 代词指代题：根据第一段中“He wrote both stories and poems; among the latter are the yearly poems...”可知，前文提到“stories and poems”，“the latter”指代后者即“poems”，对应选项C。
26. 细节理解题：根据第三段中“His major works include... Gulliver’s Travels (1726), which is more famous in China.”可知，《格列佛游记》更为中国人熟知，对应选项A。
【答案】
24.B 25.C 26.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解细节理解、代词指代判断
【点评】
本题为百科类基础阅读理解，侧重考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，题目设置直接，只要仔细阅读原文即可准确作答，属于易得分题型。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇百科类英语阅读理解题，包含3道小题，分别考查细节理解、代词指代判断和细节信息定位。解题思路为：1. 针对每道题的题干关键词，快速定位原文对应段落；2. 对比选项与原文表述，选出匹配的答案；3. 代词指代题需结合前文语境，确定指代对象。
【解析】
24. 细节理解题：根据第一段中“Jonathan Swift... widely regarded as one of the greatest prose satirists in the English language.”可知，乔纳森·斯威夫特被广泛认为是英语语言中最伟大的散文讽刺作家之一，对应选项B。
25. 代词指代题：根据第一段中“He wrote both stories and poems; among the latter are the yearly poems...”可知，前文提到“stories and poems”，“the latter”指代后者即“poems”，对应选项C。
26. 细节理解题：根据第三段中“His major works include... Gulliver’s Travels (1726), which is more famous in China.”可知，《格列佛游记》更为中国人熟知，对应选项A。
【答案】
24.B 25.C 26.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解细节理解、代词指代判断
【点评】
本题为百科类基础阅读理解，侧重考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，题目设置直接，只要仔细阅读原文即可准确作答，属于易得分题型。
【难度系数】
0.8
