Ⅳ.阅读理解
A team at a US university trained an AI tool to examine 60,000 fingerprints to see if it could work out which ones belonged to the same individual. The researchers claim the technology could identify, with 75-90% accuracy, whether prints from different fingers came from one person.
But they are not sure how it works. “We don’t know for sure how the AI does it,” admitted Prof Hod Lipson, a roboticist at Columbia University who led the study.
Graham Williams, a professor of forensic science(法医学) at Hull University, said the idea of unique fingerprints had never been set in stone(不可改变). “We don’t actually know that fingerprints are unique,” he said. “All we can say is that as far as we are aware, no two people have yet to show the same fingerprints.”
The results of Columbia University’s study could have the potential to impact both biometrics and forensic science.
If, for example, an unidentified thumb(拇指) print is found at crime scene A, and an unidentified index(食指) fingerprint at crime scene B, the two could not currently be forensically connected to the same person—but the AI tool could be able to identify this.
The Columbia University study will be published in the journal Science Advances on Friday. But a pair of twins in Cheshire might be ahead of everyone. Their grandmother Carol told the BBC her two grandchildren can open each other’s iPhones using their own fingers.
“They showed me on Christmas Day,” she said. “We were told they were identical when they were born but I can tell the difference between them as they’ve got older.” She claimed that her grandchildren can also bypass the handsets’ facial recognition feature.
Fingerprints are formed before birth. Research published last year suggested the genetic process behind them may be similar to the way animals like zebras and leopards get their markings.
1. According to the research, what can AI tools do?
A. Identify people’s fingerprints.
B. Contribute to crime prevention.
C. Help lead scientific studies and experiments.
D. Train people to tell the difference of fingerprints.
2. What does the underlined word “identical” in Paragraph 7 mean?
A. Unique.
B. Healthy.
C. The same.
D. Cute.
3. What can we learn from the research?
A. All twins share the same fingerprints.
B. People’s fingerprints may not be unique.
C. AI will replace humans in every way.
D. Fingerprints will change as people grow older.
4. Why does the author mention zebras and leopards in the last paragraph?
A. To make an appeal to people to protect animals.
B. To tell the difference between people and animals.
C. To explain the formation principle of fingerprints.
D. To show the similarity of genes between animals and people.
A team at a US university trained an AI tool to examine 60,000 fingerprints to see if it could work out which ones belonged to the same individual. The researchers claim the technology could identify, with 75-90% accuracy, whether prints from different fingers came from one person.
But they are not sure how it works. “We don’t know for sure how the AI does it,” admitted Prof Hod Lipson, a roboticist at Columbia University who led the study.
Graham Williams, a professor of forensic science(法医学) at Hull University, said the idea of unique fingerprints had never been set in stone(不可改变). “We don’t actually know that fingerprints are unique,” he said. “All we can say is that as far as we are aware, no two people have yet to show the same fingerprints.”
The results of Columbia University’s study could have the potential to impact both biometrics and forensic science.
If, for example, an unidentified thumb(拇指) print is found at crime scene A, and an unidentified index(食指) fingerprint at crime scene B, the two could not currently be forensically connected to the same person—but the AI tool could be able to identify this.
The Columbia University study will be published in the journal Science Advances on Friday. But a pair of twins in Cheshire might be ahead of everyone. Their grandmother Carol told the BBC her two grandchildren can open each other’s iPhones using their own fingers.
“They showed me on Christmas Day,” she said. “We were told they were identical when they were born but I can tell the difference between them as they’ve got older.” She claimed that her grandchildren can also bypass the handsets’ facial recognition feature.
Fingerprints are formed before birth. Research published last year suggested the genetic process behind them may be similar to the way animals like zebras and leopards get their markings.
1. According to the research, what can AI tools do?
A. Identify people’s fingerprints.
B. Contribute to crime prevention.
C. Help lead scientific studies and experiments.
D. Train people to tell the difference of fingerprints.
2. What does the underlined word “identical” in Paragraph 7 mean?
A. Unique.
B. Healthy.
C. The same.
D. Cute.
3. What can we learn from the research?
A. All twins share the same fingerprints.
B. People’s fingerprints may not be unique.
C. AI will replace humans in every way.
D. Fingerprints will change as people grow older.
4. Why does the author mention zebras and leopards in the last paragraph?
A. To make an appeal to people to protect animals.
B. To tell the difference between people and animals.
C. To explain the formation principle of fingerprints.
D. To show the similarity of genes between animals and people.
答案
1~4 ACCC
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项关于人工智能识别指纹的科学研究，并探讨了该技术的潜在应用和影响。
1. A 细节理解题。根据第一段“... trained an AI tool to examine 60, 000 fingerprints to see if it could work out which ones belonged to the same individual... identify, with 75 - 90% accuracy, whether prints from different fingers came from one person.”可知，人工智能工具可以识别人们的指纹。故选 A。
2. C 词义猜测题。根据后文“but I can tell the difference between them as they've got older”可知，她们长大之后祖母能分辨出区别，也就是说，在他们刚出生的时候，长得一样，以至于当时不能区别，所以推知 identical 意为“一样的”，和 C 项意思相近。故选 C。
3. B 推理判断题。根据第三段“We don't actually know that fingerprints are unique... All we can say is that as far as we are aware, no two people have yet to show the same fingerprints.”可知，按照目前所了解的，还没有两个人的指纹相同，但是并不能确认人的指纹是独一无二的。因此人们的指纹可能不是唯一的。故选 B。
4. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Fingerprints are formed before birth. Research published last year suggested the genetic process behind them may be similar to the way animals like zebras and leopards get their markings.”可知，作者提到斑马和豹子是用类比的方式来解释指纹的形成原理。故选 C。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项关于人工智能识别指纹的科学研究，并探讨了该技术的潜在应用和影响。
1. A 细节理解题。根据第一段“... trained an AI tool to examine 60, 000 fingerprints to see if it could work out which ones belonged to the same individual... identify, with 75 - 90% accuracy, whether prints from different fingers came from one person.”可知，人工智能工具可以识别人们的指纹。故选 A。
2. C 词义猜测题。根据后文“but I can tell the difference between them as they've got older”可知，她们长大之后祖母能分辨出区别，也就是说，在他们刚出生的时候，长得一样，以至于当时不能区别，所以推知 identical 意为“一样的”，和 C 项意思相近。故选 C。
3. B 推理判断题。根据第三段“We don't actually know that fingerprints are unique... All we can say is that as far as we are aware, no two people have yet to show the same fingerprints.”可知，按照目前所了解的，还没有两个人的指纹相同，但是并不能确认人的指纹是独一无二的。因此人们的指纹可能不是唯一的。故选 B。
4. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Fingerprints are formed before birth. Research published last year suggested the genetic process behind them may be similar to the way animals like zebras and leopards get their markings.”可知，作者提到斑马和豹子是用类比的方式来解释指纹的形成原理。故选 C。
Ⅴ.阅读与回答问题
根据短文内容,回答下列问题。
The Lost World
by Arthur Conan Doyle
Professor George Challenger and his friend Lord John Roxton, with a reporter and some local guides(one of whom is called Gomez), travel up the Amazon River to find a plain. Challenger claims he has visited the plain before, and that there are prehistoric creatures living there. Also with them is another professor who dislikes Challenger and doesn’t believe his claims. The reporter narrates the story.
The very next day we did actually make our start upon this remarkable exploration. We found that all our stuff fitted very easily into the two canoes (独木舟), and we divided our members, six in each, in the interests(利益) of peace, of putting one Professor into each canoe.
At dawn and at sunset the monkeys screamed and the parrots started making their high-pitched noise, but during the hot hours of the day only the loud noise of the insects, like the beat of a distant surf, filled the ears, while nothing moved among the serious views of huge tree-trunks, fading away into the darkness which held us in.
And yet there were signs that even human life itself was not far from us in those mysterious dark corners. On the third day out we were aware of a strange, deep, rhythmic beat in the air, coming and going on-and-off throughout the morning. The two boats were moving within a few yards of each other when first we heard it, and our guides froze, as if they had been turned to bronze, listening very carefully with expressions of terror upon their faces.
“What is it, then?” I asked.
“Drums,” said Lord John, carelessly, “War drums. I have heard them before.”
“Yes, sir, war drums,” said Gomez. “Native people, aggressive, not friendly; they watch us every mile of the way; kill us if they can.”
“How can they watch us?” I asked, staring into the dark. Gomez shrugged(耸肩) his broad shoulders. “The native people know. They have their own way. They watch us. They take the drum to talk to each other. Kill us if they can.”
By the afternoon of that day—my pocket diary shows me that it was Tuesday, August 18th—at least six or seven drums were beating from various points. Sometimes they beat quickly, sometimes slowly, in obvious question and answer, one far to the east breaking out in a high-pitched beat, and being followed after a pause by a deep roll from the north. There was something incredibly nerve-shaking in that constant noise, which seemed to shape itself into the words, “We will kill you if we can. We will kill you if we can.”
That night we tied our canoes with heavy stones for anchors (锚) in the centre of the stream, and made every preparation for a possible attack. Nothing came, however, and with the dawn we pushed upon our way, the drum-beating dying out behind us.
1. How many people were there in the group in this journey?
______
2. How did the guides react and feel when the drums started?
______
3. Why did the speed of the drums change from one moment to another?
______
4. What did the narrator think the drums were saying?
______
5. Why do you think they tied their canoes in the middle of the stream, not at the side?
______
根据短文内容,回答下列问题。
The Lost World
by Arthur Conan Doyle
Professor George Challenger and his friend Lord John Roxton, with a reporter and some local guides(one of whom is called Gomez), travel up the Amazon River to find a plain. Challenger claims he has visited the plain before, and that there are prehistoric creatures living there. Also with them is another professor who dislikes Challenger and doesn’t believe his claims. The reporter narrates the story.
The very next day we did actually make our start upon this remarkable exploration. We found that all our stuff fitted very easily into the two canoes (独木舟), and we divided our members, six in each, in the interests(利益) of peace, of putting one Professor into each canoe.
At dawn and at sunset the monkeys screamed and the parrots started making their high-pitched noise, but during the hot hours of the day only the loud noise of the insects, like the beat of a distant surf, filled the ears, while nothing moved among the serious views of huge tree-trunks, fading away into the darkness which held us in.
And yet there were signs that even human life itself was not far from us in those mysterious dark corners. On the third day out we were aware of a strange, deep, rhythmic beat in the air, coming and going on-and-off throughout the morning. The two boats were moving within a few yards of each other when first we heard it, and our guides froze, as if they had been turned to bronze, listening very carefully with expressions of terror upon their faces.
“What is it, then?” I asked.
“Drums,” said Lord John, carelessly, “War drums. I have heard them before.”
“Yes, sir, war drums,” said Gomez. “Native people, aggressive, not friendly; they watch us every mile of the way; kill us if they can.”
“How can they watch us?” I asked, staring into the dark. Gomez shrugged(耸肩) his broad shoulders. “The native people know. They have their own way. They watch us. They take the drum to talk to each other. Kill us if they can.”
By the afternoon of that day—my pocket diary shows me that it was Tuesday, August 18th—at least six or seven drums were beating from various points. Sometimes they beat quickly, sometimes slowly, in obvious question and answer, one far to the east breaking out in a high-pitched beat, and being followed after a pause by a deep roll from the north. There was something incredibly nerve-shaking in that constant noise, which seemed to shape itself into the words, “We will kill you if we can. We will kill you if we can.”
That night we tied our canoes with heavy stones for anchors (锚) in the centre of the stream, and made every preparation for a possible attack. Nothing came, however, and with the dawn we pushed upon our way, the drum-beating dying out behind us.
1. How many people were there in the group in this journey?
______
2. How did the guides react and feel when the drums started?
______
3. Why did the speed of the drums change from one moment to another?
______
4. What did the narrator think the drums were saying?
______
5. Why do you think they tied their canoes in the middle of the stream, not at the side?
______
答案
1. 12/Twelve. 2. They froze and felt terrified.
3. Because they were in obvious question and answer.
4. We will kill you if we can. 5. Because they wanted to avoid being attacked from the side.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《失落的世界》，主要讲述了 Professor George Challenger 和他的朋友在亚马逊河探险时，发现了神秘鼓声并担心可能遭受当地土著攻击的经历。
3. Because they were in obvious question and answer.
4. We will kill you if we can. 5. Because they wanted to avoid being attacked from the side.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《失落的世界》，主要讲述了 Professor George Challenger 和他的朋友在亚马逊河探险时，发现了神秘鼓声并担心可能遭受当地土著攻击的经历。
