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五、任务型阅读:阅读下面短文,根据短文内容回答问题。
One day, Confucius and his students were walking through a large forest when they saw a bow-backed(驼背的) old man. He was catching cicadas( 蝉 ) as easily as picking up fallen leaves.
Confucius asked, "Your skill is excellent! Is there a secret to it?"
"Of course! I have my method!" the old man answered. "I trained my hands for six months. First, I learned to place two clay balls( 泥丸 ) on top of my bamboo stick without letting them fall off. As I mastered it, I could often catch cicadas. When the balls became three, I missed only once or twice. Finally, I placed five clay balls. Once I could do that, catching cicadas became as easy as picking them up from the ground!"
The old man continued, "But that was not enough. Cicadas are smart. I also trained myself to stand as still as a tree and hold the bamboo stick without any shaking so that I wouldn't make any noise or scare cicadas away. What's more, I trained my mind. When I focused, I saw nothing but the cicada's wings. How could I not succeed?"
Hearing this, Confucius turned to his students and said, "No matter what you do, you should keep training and put all your heart into it. This is what this old man has taught us."
This is the ancient Chinese story—Goulou Chengtiao. The wise thoughts are passed down and still influence us today.
1. What was the old man doing when Confucius saw him?
2. How long did the old man train his hands?
3. Why did the old man train to stand still?
4. Which sentence shows that the old man focused?
5. What can we learn from the story of Goulou Chengtiao?
One day, Confucius and his students were walking through a large forest when they saw a bow-backed(驼背的) old man. He was catching cicadas( 蝉 ) as easily as picking up fallen leaves.
Confucius asked, "Your skill is excellent! Is there a secret to it?"
"Of course! I have my method!" the old man answered. "I trained my hands for six months. First, I learned to place two clay balls( 泥丸 ) on top of my bamboo stick without letting them fall off. As I mastered it, I could often catch cicadas. When the balls became three, I missed only once or twice. Finally, I placed five clay balls. Once I could do that, catching cicadas became as easy as picking them up from the ground!"
The old man continued, "But that was not enough. Cicadas are smart. I also trained myself to stand as still as a tree and hold the bamboo stick without any shaking so that I wouldn't make any noise or scare cicadas away. What's more, I trained my mind. When I focused, I saw nothing but the cicada's wings. How could I not succeed?"
Hearing this, Confucius turned to his students and said, "No matter what you do, you should keep training and put all your heart into it. This is what this old man has taught us."
This is the ancient Chinese story—Goulou Chengtiao. The wise thoughts are passed down and still influence us today.
1. What was the old man doing when Confucius saw him?
He was catching cicadas.
2. How long did the old man train his hands?
He trained his hands for six months.
3. Why did the old man train to stand still?
Because he didn't want to make any noise or scare cicadas away.
4. Which sentence shows that the old man focused?
I saw nothing but the cicada's wings.
5. What can we learn from the story of Goulou Chengtiao?
We can learn that no matter what we do, we should keep training and focus on it(合理即可).
答案
1. He was catching cicadas. 2. He trained his hands for six months. 3. Because he didn't want to make any noise or scare cicadas away.
4. I saw nothing but the cicada's wings. 5. We can learn that no matter what we do, we should keep training and focus on it(合理即可).
4. I saw nothing but the cicada's wings. 5. We can learn that no matter what we do, we should keep training and focus on it(合理即可).
解析
【分析】
做任务型阅读时，先通读所有问题，标记每个问题的核心关键词（如时间、动作、原因等），再带着关键词回原文定位对应段落，找到原文中匹配的句子，提取或整理成符合问题要求的答案，注意人称、时态与原文一致，主旨类问题需结合原文关键句归纳。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段第二句，提取老人当时的动作，答案为He was catching cicadas。
2. 定位老人关于训练手部的表述，找到时间信息，答案为He trained his hands for six months。
3. 定位老人站着不动的目的，整理成原因状语从句，答案为Because he didn't want to make any noise or scare cicadas away。
4. 定位老人训练心智的内容，找到体现专注的句子，答案为I saw nothing but the cicada's wings。
5. 定位孔子对学生的教导，归纳故事传递的道理，答案为We can learn that no matter what we do, we should keep training and focus on it(合理即可)。
【答案】
1. He was catching cicadas.
2. He trained his hands for six months.
3. Because he didn't want to make any noise or scare cicadas away.
4. I saw nothing but the cicada's wings.
5. We can learn that no matter what we do, we should keep training and focus on it(合理即可).
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节信息提取、主旨归纳
【点评】
本题基于中国传统故事“佝偻承蜩”改编，考查学生从原文提取细节信息和归纳主旨的能力，题目设置贴合原文，难度适中，能引导学生理解做事需坚持训练、专注投入的道理。
【难度系数】
0.3
做任务型阅读时，先通读所有问题，标记每个问题的核心关键词（如时间、动作、原因等），再带着关键词回原文定位对应段落，找到原文中匹配的句子，提取或整理成符合问题要求的答案，注意人称、时态与原文一致，主旨类问题需结合原文关键句归纳。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段第二句，提取老人当时的动作，答案为He was catching cicadas。
2. 定位老人关于训练手部的表述，找到时间信息，答案为He trained his hands for six months。
3. 定位老人站着不动的目的，整理成原因状语从句，答案为Because he didn't want to make any noise or scare cicadas away。
4. 定位老人训练心智的内容，找到体现专注的句子，答案为I saw nothing but the cicada's wings。
5. 定位孔子对学生的教导，归纳故事传递的道理，答案为We can learn that no matter what we do, we should keep training and focus on it(合理即可)。
【答案】
1. He was catching cicadas.
2. He trained his hands for six months.
3. Because he didn't want to make any noise or scare cicadas away.
4. I saw nothing but the cicada's wings.
5. We can learn that no matter what we do, we should keep training and focus on it(合理即可).
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节信息提取、主旨归纳
【点评】
本题基于中国传统故事“佝偻承蜩”改编，考查学生从原文提取细节信息和归纳主旨的能力，题目设置贴合原文，难度适中，能引导学生理解做事需坚持训练、专注投入的道理。
【难度系数】
0.3
