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C
Suppose you are a weather scientist. Usually, you enter some numbers in a computer program to predict the weather, including this very long number: 0.506127. But this time, round (四舍五入) the number to 0.506. What will happen? You won't believe it. That very small change will completely change the weather prediction.
In fact, this is what happened to weather scientist Edward Lorenz in 1961. That surprising finding was the beginning of what we now call the "butterfly effect (效应)". Lorenz later asked a famous question: "Can the flap (拍打) of a butterfly's wings in Brazil cause a tornado (龙卷风) in Texas?"
What he meant was this: Sometimes a small change can lead to big surprise later on. ★. It can also be seen in everyday life. For example, have you ever been late because you couldn't find your keys? That might make you miss the bus—but then you meet an old friend at the next bus stop. A small change (losing your keys) leads to a big moment (meeting your friend).
Scientists say the "butterfly effect" shows that the future is hard to predict. It also gives people hope: Even our small actions today might make a positive difference tomorrow.
(
A. To help you understand a big idea.
B. To tell a funny story about butterflies.
C. To talk about a weather scientist's life.
D. To explain how scientists use computers.
(
A. By drinking coffee during his work.
B. By watching a real butterfly carefully.
C. By making a small change to a number.
D. By running the computer program again.
(
A. Lorenz was a very smart scientist
B. This idea is not just about weather
C. Many people don't believe this idea
D. This idea is very difficult to understand
(
A. It is easy to predict the future.
B. Butterflies always give people hope.
C. We should care more about big actions.
D. Small things can make a big difference.
(
A. Eating breakfast every morning to stay healthy.
B. Checking the weather forecast before going out.
C. Watching a TV show and it gives you a new idea.
D. Taking a different bus and sitting next to your future best friend.
Suppose you are a weather scientist. Usually, you enter some numbers in a computer program to predict the weather, including this very long number: 0.506127. But this time, round (四舍五入) the number to 0.506. What will happen? You won't believe it. That very small change will completely change the weather prediction.
In fact, this is what happened to weather scientist Edward Lorenz in 1961. That surprising finding was the beginning of what we now call the "butterfly effect (效应)". Lorenz later asked a famous question: "Can the flap (拍打) of a butterfly's wings in Brazil cause a tornado (龙卷风) in Texas?"
What he meant was this: Sometimes a small change can lead to big surprise later on. ★. It can also be seen in everyday life. For example, have you ever been late because you couldn't find your keys? That might make you miss the bus—but then you meet an old friend at the next bus stop. A small change (losing your keys) leads to a big moment (meeting your friend).
Scientists say the "butterfly effect" shows that the future is hard to predict. It also gives people hope: Even our small actions today might make a positive difference tomorrow.
(
A
)61. What is the function of the first paragraph?A. To help you understand a big idea.
B. To tell a funny story about butterflies.
C. To talk about a weather scientist's life.
D. To explain how scientists use computers.
(
C
)62. How did Edward Lorenz find the "butterfly effect"?A. By drinking coffee during his work.
B. By watching a real butterfly carefully.
C. By making a small change to a number.
D. By running the computer program again.
(
B
)63. Which of the following can be put in ★?A. Lorenz was a very smart scientist
B. This idea is not just about weather
C. Many people don't believe this idea
D. This idea is very difficult to understand
(
D
)64. According to the passage, what does "butterfly effect" show?A. It is easy to predict the future.
B. Butterflies always give people hope.
C. We should care more about big actions.
D. Small things can make a big difference.
(
D
)65. Which of the following is an example of the "butterfly effect" in life?A. Eating breakfast every morning to stay healthy.
B. Checking the weather forecast before going out.
C. Watching a TV show and it gives you a new idea.
D. Taking a different bus and sitting next to your future best friend.
答案
61.A 62.C 63.B 64.D 65.D
解析
【分析】
1. 第61题：先梳理第一段内容，它用气象学家修改微小数字导致天气预报完全改变的事例，引出后文核心概念“蝴蝶效应”，目的是借助具体案例帮助读者理解这个抽象的重要观点，由此判断段落作用。
2. 第62题：定位到文章第二段，明确提到Edward Lorenz是因为对输入程序的一个数字做了微小修改，进而发现了蝴蝶效应，对应选项中的相关描述。
3. 第63题：观察上下文逻辑，前文介绍蝴蝶效应源于气象领域的发现，后文指出“它也能在日常生活中被看到”，因此需要过渡句说明该概念不局限于天气，实现上下文的自然衔接。
4. 第64题：从第三段“Sometimes a small change can lead to big surprise later on.”和最后一段“Even our small actions today might make a positive difference tomorrow.”可知，蝴蝶效应的核心是微小事物能引发巨大变化。
5. 第65题：紧扣蝴蝶效应“小变化引发大连锁反应”的核心，分析各选项：选项D中“乘坐不同公交”是小变化，“结识未来好友”是重大结果，符合效应内涵；其余选项均不具备该逻辑。
【解析】
61. 第一段通过具体的气象预测案例引出“蝴蝶效应”，作用是帮助读者理解这个抽象的重要概念，故选A。
62. 根据第二段内容，Edward Lorenz因对输入程序的一个数字做微小修改，发现了蝴蝶效应，故选C。
63. 前文讲蝴蝶效应的气象起源，后文讲其在生活中的体现，空格处需过渡句说明该概念不只是关于天气，故选B。
64. 结合第三段和最后一段内容，蝴蝶效应表明微小事物能带来巨大影响，故选D。
65. 选项D中“乘坐不同公交”的小变化，带来“结识未来好友”的重大结果，符合蝴蝶效应内涵；其余选项均不符合“小变化引发大改变”的逻辑，故选D。
【答案】
61.A 62.C 63.B 64.D 65.D
【知识点】
1. 段落作用分析
2. 细节信息定位
3. 上下文逻辑衔接
【点评】
本文围绕“蝴蝶效应”展开，结合气象案例与生活实例，介绍了该概念的起源、内涵及应用。题目涵盖段落作用、细节查找、逻辑衔接等多种阅读能力考查，要求学生精准把握文章细节与核心概念，同时具备逻辑推理能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第61题：先梳理第一段内容，它用气象学家修改微小数字导致天气预报完全改变的事例，引出后文核心概念“蝴蝶效应”，目的是借助具体案例帮助读者理解这个抽象的重要观点，由此判断段落作用。
2. 第62题：定位到文章第二段，明确提到Edward Lorenz是因为对输入程序的一个数字做了微小修改，进而发现了蝴蝶效应，对应选项中的相关描述。
3. 第63题：观察上下文逻辑，前文介绍蝴蝶效应源于气象领域的发现，后文指出“它也能在日常生活中被看到”，因此需要过渡句说明该概念不局限于天气，实现上下文的自然衔接。
4. 第64题：从第三段“Sometimes a small change can lead to big surprise later on.”和最后一段“Even our small actions today might make a positive difference tomorrow.”可知，蝴蝶效应的核心是微小事物能引发巨大变化。
5. 第65题：紧扣蝴蝶效应“小变化引发大连锁反应”的核心，分析各选项：选项D中“乘坐不同公交”是小变化，“结识未来好友”是重大结果，符合效应内涵；其余选项均不具备该逻辑。
【解析】
61. 第一段通过具体的气象预测案例引出“蝴蝶效应”，作用是帮助读者理解这个抽象的重要概念，故选A。
62. 根据第二段内容，Edward Lorenz因对输入程序的一个数字做微小修改，发现了蝴蝶效应，故选C。
63. 前文讲蝴蝶效应的气象起源，后文讲其在生活中的体现，空格处需过渡句说明该概念不只是关于天气，故选B。
64. 结合第三段和最后一段内容，蝴蝶效应表明微小事物能带来巨大影响，故选D。
65. 选项D中“乘坐不同公交”的小变化，带来“结识未来好友”的重大结果，符合蝴蝶效应内涵；其余选项均不符合“小变化引发大改变”的逻辑，故选D。
【答案】
61.A 62.C 63.B 64.D 65.D
【知识点】
1. 段落作用分析
2. 细节信息定位
3. 上下文逻辑衔接
【点评】
本文围绕“蝴蝶效应”展开，结合气象案例与生活实例，介绍了该概念的起源、内涵及应用。题目涵盖段落作用、细节查找、逻辑衔接等多种阅读能力考查，要求学生精准把握文章细节与核心概念，同时具备逻辑推理能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
