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教材回顾
根据教材文段，填入适当的内容补全短文（每空一词）
There are 24 Solar Terms in China. They show changes in 1. , temperature and other weather conditions. In ancient times, Chinese people divided the year into 24 parts according to the changes in seasons and weather.
Different people like different seasons. Many people like winter. During this season, it is often snowy in some places. Everything is covered in 2. . People can have big snowball fights and make snowmen.
Moscow is cold and wet in December. The average temperature is 3. . People need lots of warm clothes because it is so cold. Shanghai does not get very cold in December as it is 4. . It often rains but seldom snows.
In Cairo, the average temperature is above 10℃. It is usually cloudy, but 5. in winter, so it's fine to wear a light jacket.
In Sydney, the weather is hot in December. The average temperature is above 20℃.
根据教材文段，填入适当的内容补全短文（每空一词）
There are 24 Solar Terms in China. They show changes in 1. , temperature and other weather conditions. In ancient times, Chinese people divided the year into 24 parts according to the changes in seasons and weather.
Different people like different seasons. Many people like winter. During this season, it is often snowy in some places. Everything is covered in 2. . People can have big snowball fights and make snowmen.
Moscow is cold and wet in December. The average temperature is 3. . People need lots of warm clothes because it is so cold. Shanghai does not get very cold in December as it is 4. . It often rains but seldom snows.
In Cairo, the average temperature is above 10℃. It is usually cloudy, but 5. in winter, so it's fine to wear a light jacket.
In Sydney, the weather is hot in December. The average temperature is above 20℃.
答案
1. crop growth
2. deep white snow
3. below 0℃
4. next to the sea
5. warm and nice
2. deep white snow
3. below 0℃
4. next to the sea
5. warm and nice
阅读理解 全球变暖下的寒冬
素养:思维品质 难度:中 用时:7分钟
[2024 泰州二中附属初中期中改编] Cold air swept across the northern part of China in the first week of November. At the same time, a global (全球的) meeting on climate(气候) change was held in Scotland. There, leaders around the world tried to control global warming.
Why are we experiencing such a cold winter on a warming planet? The cold winter and global warming, two opposite(相反的) facts, are not contradictory.
Because of the warming climate, the temperature in winter in China has risen by $0.41°\mathrm{C}$ every ten years since 1961. But in some places, it has also been pretty low.
Global warming has changed earth’s air circulation(循环) and the weather. For example, in October, La Nina affected China. It was caused by strong winds from the Pacific Ocean. ▲
Another reason for the cold weather is the warming Arctic(北极). It is warming almost three times as fast as any other place on earth.
Will the winter be much colder? It's reported that a cold winter is likely. Northern China will probably see more snow, and southern China will see less rain.
1. Why did the leaders from around the world come to Scotland to have a meeting?
A. To discuss the reasons for cold weather.
B. To try to deal with global warming.
C. To discuss the results of cold weather.
D. To discuss the reasons for global warming.
2. What does the underlined word “contradictory” mean?
A. Almost the same.
B. A fact or opinion is real.
C. Used to say that a situation has not changed.
D. Having information that disagrees with other information.
3. 跨学科·数学 Which of the following can show the relationship between the year (x) and the degree of temperature growth(y) since 1961?
A. $y=0.41x$
B. $y=\frac{0.41}{x}$
C. $y=0.41×\frac{x-1961}{10}$
D. $y=0.41×\frac{10}{x-1961}$
4. What caused La Nina according to the passage?
A. The heavy snow.
B. The warm air.
C. The strong winds.
D. The cold weather.
5. 新考法·信息还原题 Which of the following sentences can be put in the “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4?
A. It brought more cold air to China.
B. It brought more warm air to China.
C. It was a kind of common weather.
D. It made the temperature rise quickly.
素养:思维品质 难度:中 用时:7分钟
[2024 泰州二中附属初中期中改编] Cold air swept across the northern part of China in the first week of November. At the same time, a global (全球的) meeting on climate(气候) change was held in Scotland. There, leaders around the world tried to control global warming.
Why are we experiencing such a cold winter on a warming planet? The cold winter and global warming, two opposite(相反的) facts, are not contradictory.
Because of the warming climate, the temperature in winter in China has risen by $0.41°\mathrm{C}$ every ten years since 1961. But in some places, it has also been pretty low.
Global warming has changed earth’s air circulation(循环) and the weather. For example, in October, La Nina affected China. It was caused by strong winds from the Pacific Ocean. ▲
Another reason for the cold weather is the warming Arctic(北极). It is warming almost three times as fast as any other place on earth.
Will the winter be much colder? It's reported that a cold winter is likely. Northern China will probably see more snow, and southern China will see less rain.
1. Why did the leaders from around the world come to Scotland to have a meeting?
A. To discuss the reasons for cold weather.
B. To try to deal with global warming.
C. To discuss the results of cold weather.
D. To discuss the reasons for global warming.
2. What does the underlined word “contradictory” mean?
A. Almost the same.
B. A fact or opinion is real.
C. Used to say that a situation has not changed.
D. Having information that disagrees with other information.
3. 跨学科·数学 Which of the following can show the relationship between the year (x) and the degree of temperature growth(y) since 1961?
A. $y=0.41x$
B. $y=\frac{0.41}{x}$
C. $y=0.41×\frac{x-1961}{10}$
D. $y=0.41×\frac{10}{x-1961}$
4. What caused La Nina according to the passage?
A. The heavy snow.
B. The warm air.
C. The strong winds.
D. The cold weather.
5. 新考法·信息还原题 Which of the following sentences can be put in the “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4?
A. It brought more cold air to China.
B. It brought more warm air to China.
C. It was a kind of common weather.
D. It made the temperature rise quickly.
答案
【解题导语】本文主要介绍了在全球变暖的同时，冬天却更冷了这一现象出现的原因。
1 B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“There, leaders around the world tried to control global warming”可知，世界各国的领导人在苏格兰开会的目的是应对全球变暖的问题。
解题通法
三步解答直接信息题
直接信息题的特点是在原文中可以找到和选项信息几乎一样的短语或句子，因为这类信息多属表层信息，所以题目难度一般不会太大，多见于应用文中。解答此类试题时可采用以下步骤：
(1)认真审题，准确把握题目的问题指向，找准关键词；
(2)迅速浏览文章，快速定位到文章中的相关信息；
(3)细读相关文段，结合选项进行甄别筛选，确定答案。
2 D 词义猜测题。根据“The cold winter and global warming, two opposite(相反的)facts”可知，寒冷的冬天和全球变暖是两个相反的事实，这一情况不是对立的。由画线词前的“not”可知，contradictory表示“对立的”，与D项意思相近。
3 C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Because of the warming climate, the temperature in winter in China has risen by $0.41°C$ every ten years since 1961”可知，自1961年以来，中国每十年冬天的平均温度增加了0.41摄氏度。则自1961年以来的年份差为$x - 1961$；年份和温度增长之间的关系为$y = 0.41×\frac{x - 1961}{10}$。故选C。
4 C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“La Nina affected China. It was caused by strong winds from the Pacific Ocean”可知，拉尼娜现象是由来自太平洋的强风引起的。
5 A 信息还原题。根据第五段中的“Another reason for the cold weather is the warming Arctic(北极)”可知，空处是引起寒冬的一个原因；再根据空前的“It was caused by strong winds from the Pacific Ocean”可推知，太平洋的强风给中国带来了更多的冷空气。
1 B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“There, leaders around the world tried to control global warming”可知，世界各国的领导人在苏格兰开会的目的是应对全球变暖的问题。
解题通法
三步解答直接信息题
直接信息题的特点是在原文中可以找到和选项信息几乎一样的短语或句子，因为这类信息多属表层信息，所以题目难度一般不会太大，多见于应用文中。解答此类试题时可采用以下步骤：
(1)认真审题，准确把握题目的问题指向，找准关键词；
(2)迅速浏览文章，快速定位到文章中的相关信息；
(3)细读相关文段，结合选项进行甄别筛选，确定答案。
2 D 词义猜测题。根据“The cold winter and global warming, two opposite(相反的)facts”可知，寒冷的冬天和全球变暖是两个相反的事实，这一情况不是对立的。由画线词前的“not”可知，contradictory表示“对立的”，与D项意思相近。
3 C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Because of the warming climate, the temperature in winter in China has risen by $0.41°C$ every ten years since 1961”可知，自1961年以来，中国每十年冬天的平均温度增加了0.41摄氏度。则自1961年以来的年份差为$x - 1961$；年份和温度增长之间的关系为$y = 0.41×\frac{x - 1961}{10}$。故选C。
4 C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“La Nina affected China. It was caused by strong winds from the Pacific Ocean”可知，拉尼娜现象是由来自太平洋的强风引起的。
5 A 信息还原题。根据第五段中的“Another reason for the cold weather is the warming Arctic(北极)”可知，空处是引起寒冬的一个原因；再根据空前的“It was caused by strong winds from the Pacific Ocean”可推知，太平洋的强风给中国带来了更多的冷空气。
