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五、阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
One day, a Frenchman went to New York. He didn't know any English. When he got to New York, he 1 (take) a bus to a hotel.
After having lunch at the hotel, the Frenchman wanted 2 (go) out for a walk. When he walked along the street, he realized(意识到) that he didn't know what the street was called. He looked at the wall near the corner of the street. Then he saw some English words and wrote 3 (they) down in his notebook. "Now I know the name of the street," he said to 4 (he). "It will be easy for me to find the way to the hotel when I want to return."
He kept 5 (walk) for a long time in the city. Then he felt 6 (tiring) and wanted to go back to the hotel. He took the notebook out of his pocket 7 showed the words to a young woman. The young woman read the words in his notebook and looked at the Frenchman. She didn't know what he wanted.
Then the Frenchman stopped 8 old man and showed the words again. The old man didn't know what he wanted, 9 (too).
At last, the Frenchman met a young man. He could speak some French. 10 the Frenchman showed the words, the young man laughed. Why? Because the words in the notebook read: One-way street(单行道).
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
One day, a Frenchman went to New York. He didn't know any English. When he got to New York, he 1 (take) a bus to a hotel.
After having lunch at the hotel, the Frenchman wanted 2 (go) out for a walk. When he walked along the street, he realized(意识到) that he didn't know what the street was called. He looked at the wall near the corner of the street. Then he saw some English words and wrote 3 (they) down in his notebook. "Now I know the name of the street," he said to 4 (he). "It will be easy for me to find the way to the hotel when I want to return."
He kept 5 (walk) for a long time in the city. Then he felt 6 (tiring) and wanted to go back to the hotel. He took the notebook out of his pocket 7 showed the words to a young woman. The young woman read the words in his notebook and looked at the Frenchman. She didn't know what he wanted.
Then the Frenchman stopped 8 old man and showed the words again. The old man didn't know what he wanted, 9 (too).
At last, the Frenchman met a young man. He could speak some French. 10 the Frenchman showed the words, the young man laughed. Why? Because the words in the notebook read: One-way street(单行道).
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案
1. took 2. to go 3. them 4. himself 5. walking
6. tired 7. and 8. an 9. either 10. When
6. tired 7. and 8. an 9. either 10. When
解析
【分析】
这是一篇叙事类语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章讲述的是过去发生的趣味故事，整体核心时态为一般过去时。接下来逐个分析空格：有提示词的空格优先结合固定搭配、词性转换、时态语态规则推导，比如谓语动词要匹配时态，动词后接非谓语的固定形式，动词后接人称代词要使用宾格，修饰人的感受要用-ed结尾的形容词，否定句中表“也”要用either这类规则；无提示词的空格则结合句子逻辑判断，并列动作之间用并列连词，泛指可数名词单数要搭配不定冠词，引导时间状语从句用合适的从属连词，就能逐一得出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 全文讲述过去发生的事件，整体时态为一般过去时，谓语动词take的过去式为took，故填took。
2. 固定搭配want to do sth. 意为“想要做某事”，因此空处填to go。
3. 动词短语write down后需要用人称代词的宾格作宾语，they的宾格形式是them，故填them。
4. 固定搭配say to oneself意为“自言自语”，此处指代故事里的法国男士自己，he的反身代词为himself，故填himself。
5. 固定搭配keep doing sth. 意为“一直做某事”，因此walk要变为动名词形式walking，故填walking。
6. 系动词felt后接形容词作表语，此处修饰人的感受“感到疲惫”，要用tiring对应的-ed类形容词tired，故填tired。
7. 空格前后的两个动作“拿出笔记本”和“展示文字”是顺承并列关系，用并列连词and连接，故填and。
8. 此处泛指“一位老人”，old是以元音音素开头的单词，对应的不定冠词用an，故填an。
9. 句子为否定句，表达“也”的含义时，要将肯定句中使用的too替换为either，故填either。
10. 此处引导时间状语从句，句意为“当法国人展示这些文字的时候，年轻人笑了”，用从属连词When引导，句首首字母大写，故填When。
【答案】
1. took 2. to go 3. them 4. himself 5. walking
6. tired 7. and 8. an 9. either 10. When
【知识点】
一般过去时，固定动词搭配，词性转换
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础语法填空题型，考点覆盖时态、非谓语固定搭配、代词转换、形容词辨析、连词、冠词等核心基础知识点，没有偏题怪题，学生只要熟练掌握课内基础语法规则，结合上下文语境就能顺利推导答案，解题时需要特别注意区分肯定句和否定句中表“也”的too和either的用法差异，以及-ing和-ed结尾形容词的不同修饰对象。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇叙事类语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章讲述的是过去发生的趣味故事，整体核心时态为一般过去时。接下来逐个分析空格：有提示词的空格优先结合固定搭配、词性转换、时态语态规则推导，比如谓语动词要匹配时态，动词后接非谓语的固定形式，动词后接人称代词要使用宾格，修饰人的感受要用-ed结尾的形容词，否定句中表“也”要用either这类规则；无提示词的空格则结合句子逻辑判断，并列动作之间用并列连词，泛指可数名词单数要搭配不定冠词，引导时间状语从句用合适的从属连词，就能逐一得出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 全文讲述过去发生的事件，整体时态为一般过去时，谓语动词take的过去式为took，故填took。
2. 固定搭配want to do sth. 意为“想要做某事”，因此空处填to go。
3. 动词短语write down后需要用人称代词的宾格作宾语，they的宾格形式是them，故填them。
4. 固定搭配say to oneself意为“自言自语”，此处指代故事里的法国男士自己，he的反身代词为himself，故填himself。
5. 固定搭配keep doing sth. 意为“一直做某事”，因此walk要变为动名词形式walking，故填walking。
6. 系动词felt后接形容词作表语，此处修饰人的感受“感到疲惫”，要用tiring对应的-ed类形容词tired，故填tired。
7. 空格前后的两个动作“拿出笔记本”和“展示文字”是顺承并列关系，用并列连词and连接，故填and。
8. 此处泛指“一位老人”，old是以元音音素开头的单词，对应的不定冠词用an，故填an。
9. 句子为否定句，表达“也”的含义时，要将肯定句中使用的too替换为either，故填either。
10. 此处引导时间状语从句，句意为“当法国人展示这些文字的时候，年轻人笑了”，用从属连词When引导，句首首字母大写，故填When。
【答案】
1. took 2. to go 3. them 4. himself 5. walking
6. tired 7. and 8. an 9. either 10. When
【知识点】
一般过去时，固定动词搭配，词性转换
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础语法填空题型，考点覆盖时态、非谓语固定搭配、代词转换、形容词辨析、连词、冠词等核心基础知识点，没有偏题怪题，学生只要熟练掌握课内基础语法规则，结合上下文语境就能顺利推导答案，解题时需要特别注意区分肯定句和否定句中表“也”的too和either的用法差异，以及-ing和-ed结尾形容词的不同修饰对象。
【难度系数】
0.7
六、阅读理解。
People usually feel excited when they go on vacation. But most people feel blue when coming home after travelling. And this feeling is called post-vacation blues. If you feel blue after travelling, here are some ways to help you get out of this bad feeling.
Give yourself a week to relax first. You don't need to think what to do next and just be relaxed. You can show your pet some love if you have one, watch your favourite TV shows or listen to relaxing music.
After a week, do something useful and keep yourself busy. For example, when I came back from Europe, I felt blue because I didn't have a job and was living with my parents. So I decided to find a job and make myself busy. If you don't need a job, just try something like painting your room or tidying your house. You can also do exercise, learn to cook, visit your friends and just do anything you want!
It's also a good idea to make a photo book and plan your next trip. Your photos taken on vacation help you remember the good times you had. And you can plan to take another trip. Just like Elbert Hubbard said, "No man needs a vacation so much as the man who has just had one. "
Next time when you feel blue, remember to try these ways. You'll find going back to the real life is not that terrible as you think.
(
A. people feel very tired and are not willing to travel again
B. people who have just had a vacation can plan a new trip
C. people are excited to share their vacation with their friends
D. people hope to travel again because they have had only one trip
(
a. We can do something useful and keep ourselves busy after a week. b. We should give ourselves a week to relax first. c. We can make a photo book and keep a diary. d. We shouldn't stay up late but live a happy life. e. We can remember the good times during the trip.
A. abd
B. abe
C. acd
D. bce
(
(
A. How to spend your holiday happily.
B. How to get out of post-holiday blues.
C. Why people have post-holiday blues.
D. What we should do before travelling.
People usually feel excited when they go on vacation. But most people feel blue when coming home after travelling. And this feeling is called post-vacation blues. If you feel blue after travelling, here are some ways to help you get out of this bad feeling.
Give yourself a week to relax first. You don't need to think what to do next and just be relaxed. You can show your pet some love if you have one, watch your favourite TV shows or listen to relaxing music.
After a week, do something useful and keep yourself busy. For example, when I came back from Europe, I felt blue because I didn't have a job and was living with my parents. So I decided to find a job and make myself busy. If you don't need a job, just try something like painting your room or tidying your house. You can also do exercise, learn to cook, visit your friends and just do anything you want!
It's also a good idea to make a photo book and plan your next trip. Your photos taken on vacation help you remember the good times you had. And you can plan to take another trip. Just like Elbert Hubbard said, "No man needs a vacation so much as the man who has just had one. "
Next time when you feel blue, remember to try these ways. You'll find going back to the real life is not that terrible as you think.
(
B
)1. The writer uses Elbert Hubbard's words in Paragraph 4 to show people who have just had a vacation can plan a new trip
.A. people feel very tired and are not willing to travel again
B. people who have just had a vacation can plan a new trip
C. people are excited to share their vacation with their friends
D. people hope to travel again because they have had only one trip
(
B
)2. What does the writer advise us to do after travelling?a. We can do something useful and keep ourselves busy after a week. b. We should give ourselves a week to relax first. c. We can make a photo book and keep a diary. d. We shouldn't stay up late but live a happy life. e. We can remember the good times during the trip.
A. abd
B. abe
C. acd
D. bce
(
C
)3. 新考法—篇章结构 Which is the right structure(结构) of the passage? (Paragraph 1 = P1...) (
B
)4. What is the passage mainly about?A. How to spend your holiday happily.
B. How to get out of post-holiday blues.
C. Why people have post-holiday blues.
D. What we should do before travelling.
答案
1. B 【点拨】根据“Your photos taken on vacation help you remember the good times you had. And you can plan to take another trip.”可知，作者引用这句话是为了表明刚刚度假的人可以计划一次新的旅行。故选 B。
2. B 【点拨】根据第二至四段可知，abc 是作者建议我们在旅行后做的事。故选 B。
3. C 【点拨】通读全文可知，第一段引出话题；第二至第四段介绍了一些方法可以帮助你摆脱度假后糟糕的感觉；第五段进行总结。故文章结构是总分总。故选 C。
4. B 【点拨】本文主要介绍了一些方法可以帮助你摆脱度假后糟糕的感觉。故选 B。
2. B 【点拨】根据第二至四段可知，abc 是作者建议我们在旅行后做的事。故选 B。
3. C 【点拨】通读全文可知，第一段引出话题；第二至第四段介绍了一些方法可以帮助你摆脱度假后糟糕的感觉；第五段进行总结。故文章结构是总分总。故选 C。
4. B 【点拨】本文主要介绍了一些方法可以帮助你摆脱度假后糟糕的感觉。故选 B。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇关于假期后低落情绪的阅读理解题，解题时首先要通读全文梳理核心内容：第一段先引出“假期后忧郁”的概念，点明下文会给出对应的解决方法；第二到第四段分别介绍三种具体的应对方案；最后一段总结全文，鼓励大家尝试这些方法。之后逐个对应题目要求：第1题定位到第四段引用名言的上下文，找到作者引用的目的；第2题逐一核对题干给出的5个表述，排除原文没有提及的内容，筛选出符合作者建议的选项；第3题梳理段落间的逻辑关系，判断属于“总-分-总”的篇章结构，匹配对应的图示；第4题提炼全文核心主旨，选出最贴合文章主题的答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位到第四段，引用Elbert Hubbard的名言前，作者明确说明“And you can plan to take another trip”，引用这句话是为了佐证刚度过假期的人可以规划新的旅行。A选项“人们很累不愿意再旅行”和原文表意相反，C选项“人们兴奋地和朋友分享假期”原文无相关表述，D选项“人们只旅行过一次所以想再次旅行”不符合原文内容，因此选B。
2. 第2题：逐一核对5个表述：a对应第三段首句“After a week, do something useful and keep yourself busy”，表述正确；b对应第二段首句“Give yourself a week to relax first”，表述正确；c里的“keep a diary”原文完全没有提及，表述错误；d里的“shouldn't stay up late”原文无相关内容，表述错误；e对应第四段“Your photos taken on vacation help you remember the good times you had”，属于作者给出的建议内容，表述正确。因此符合要求的是abe，对应选项B。
3. 第3题：梳理全文逻辑：P1总起引入“假期后忧郁”的话题，点明下文将给出解决方法；P2、P3、P4三个段落并列，分别介绍三种不同的应对方法；P5总结全文，属于典型的“总-分-总”结构，和图示C的结构完全匹配，因此选C。
4. 第4题：全文围绕“post-vacation blues（假期后忧郁）”展开，核心是介绍多种帮助人们摆脱假期后低落情绪的方法。A“如何开心度假”偏离主题，C“为什么会产生假期后忧郁”原文没有展开论述原因，D“旅行前的准备”完全不符合文章内容，因此选B。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B
【知识点】
细节信息查找，篇章结构梳理，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
本题难度适中，覆盖了初中英语阅读理解高频考查的三类题型，其中篇章结构的新考法跳出了常规的细节考查，要求学生梳理段落间的逻辑关系，区分总起、分述、总结模块，能有效检验学生对整篇文章框架的把控能力，解题时要注意回归原文逐一比对选项，排除无中生有的干扰项。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇关于假期后低落情绪的阅读理解题，解题时首先要通读全文梳理核心内容：第一段先引出“假期后忧郁”的概念，点明下文会给出对应的解决方法；第二到第四段分别介绍三种具体的应对方案；最后一段总结全文，鼓励大家尝试这些方法。之后逐个对应题目要求：第1题定位到第四段引用名言的上下文，找到作者引用的目的；第2题逐一核对题干给出的5个表述，排除原文没有提及的内容，筛选出符合作者建议的选项；第3题梳理段落间的逻辑关系，判断属于“总-分-总”的篇章结构，匹配对应的图示；第4题提炼全文核心主旨，选出最贴合文章主题的答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位到第四段，引用Elbert Hubbard的名言前，作者明确说明“And you can plan to take another trip”，引用这句话是为了佐证刚度过假期的人可以规划新的旅行。A选项“人们很累不愿意再旅行”和原文表意相反，C选项“人们兴奋地和朋友分享假期”原文无相关表述，D选项“人们只旅行过一次所以想再次旅行”不符合原文内容，因此选B。
2. 第2题：逐一核对5个表述：a对应第三段首句“After a week, do something useful and keep yourself busy”，表述正确；b对应第二段首句“Give yourself a week to relax first”，表述正确；c里的“keep a diary”原文完全没有提及，表述错误；d里的“shouldn't stay up late”原文无相关内容，表述错误；e对应第四段“Your photos taken on vacation help you remember the good times you had”，属于作者给出的建议内容，表述正确。因此符合要求的是abe，对应选项B。
3. 第3题：梳理全文逻辑：P1总起引入“假期后忧郁”的话题，点明下文将给出解决方法；P2、P3、P4三个段落并列，分别介绍三种不同的应对方法；P5总结全文，属于典型的“总-分-总”结构，和图示C的结构完全匹配，因此选C。
4. 第4题：全文围绕“post-vacation blues（假期后忧郁）”展开，核心是介绍多种帮助人们摆脱假期后低落情绪的方法。A“如何开心度假”偏离主题，C“为什么会产生假期后忧郁”原文没有展开论述原因，D“旅行前的准备”完全不符合文章内容，因此选B。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B
【知识点】
细节信息查找，篇章结构梳理，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
本题难度适中，覆盖了初中英语阅读理解高频考查的三类题型，其中篇章结构的新考法跳出了常规的细节考查，要求学生梳理段落间的逻辑关系，区分总起、分述、总结模块，能有效检验学生对整篇文章框架的把控能力，解题时要注意回归原文逐一比对选项，排除无中生有的干扰项。
【难度系数】
0.7
