新素材素材话题:如何在家做气压计
[2026 福建厦门调研]
Home Lab
You'll need:
a jar a balloon scissors a straw a rubber band an A4 sheet of paper a ruler a pencil a tape
Let's make your own barometer (气压计). Then you can measure (测量) air pressure at home and predict the weather yourself!
How to make:
1 Make the Rubber Cover
Scissor off $\frac{1}{3}$ of the balloon's bottom.
Spread the left part.
Pull it tight over the jar top.
Press the balloon to make it smooth and tie it with a rubber band.

2 Fix the Straw Pointer
Cut one straw end at $45°$ for a sharp point.
Tape the straw's other end to the balloon's centre. Ensure it points straight—it's your "pointer"!

3 Draw the Lines
Put an A4 sheet of paper in front of the straw's sharp end.
Mark the straw-pointing spot with a pencil. Use a ruler to make 4 lines each above and below this spot, 0.5cm apart.
4 Name the Weather Signs
Draw a sun next to the top mark, a cloud with raindrops next to the bottom mark.
Place the whole device (装置) in a corner where it won't be disturbed (打扰).
5 Observe and Record
Check straw position daily at set times, record where it points. If the straw points to the top mark, the weather will probably be dry and sunny. If it points to the bottom mark, it may rain. If it's in the middle, it will probably stay the same.
How it works:
Warm air rising causes low pressure (common in rainy weather), and inside air pushes the balloon lid (盖子) out, and then, the moving straw pointer goes down. Sunny days opposite.

Presenting ideas & Reflection
刷能力
阅读理解·语篇导读 本文介绍了如何自己在家做气压计以测量气压并预测天气。
快速对答案 1—4 B D D A

()1. 新考法图示理解 Among all the following objects, which are needed in Step 1?

()2. 新考法图示理解 According to the underlined part in Step 3, which of the following pictures is correct?

()3. How does the barometer work on sunny days?
A. Low pressure outside→Balloon lid out→Pointer up
B. Low pressure outside→Balloon lid in→Pointer down
C. High pressure outside→Balloon lid out→Pointer down
D. High pressure outside→Balloon lid in→Pointer up
()4. 新考法文章出处 In which section of a magazine can we read this passage?
A. Science.
B. Space.
C. Sports.
D. News.

1. B 细节理解题。根据"Scissor off 1/3 of the balloon's bottom. Spread the left part. Pull it tight over the jar top. Press the balloon to make it smooth and tie it with a rubber band."可知，必须用到广口瓶、气球、剪刀和橡皮筋。故选B项。
2. D 细节理解题。根据"Use a ruler to make 4 lines each above and below this spot, 0.5 cm apart."可知，用尺子在这个点的上方和下方各画4条线，每条线相距0.5 cm。故选D项。
3. D 细节理解题。根据"Warm air rising causes low pressure (common in rainy weather), and inside air pushes the balloon lid out, and then, the moving straw pointer goes down. Sunny days opposite."可知，雨天时暖空气上升导致低压，内部空气将气球盖推出，然后移动的吸管指针下降，反之是晴天。故选D项。
4. A 推理判断题。根据"Let's make your own barometer. Then you can measure air pressure at home and predict the weather yourself!"可推知，我们可以在杂志的科学部分阅读这篇文章。故选A项。