每日一篇
(吉林铁西期中)①In English,
the given names come first and the
family names come last. Family
names are also called last names. Westerners get
their family names in different ways.
②Some family names such as Smith,Cook
and Taylor are all about a person's job. For
example, John Smith; here "Smith" means the
name of a job.
③Some westerners get their family names
from their living places such as Bush,Cliff and
Lake. So does the famous American writer Jack
London.
④Some family names are from colours.
For example, the family name Black means the
black colour and White means the white colour.
Larry Brown, a famous basketball player in
America, also gets his family name from
colours.
⑤Other family names are from the name of
a parent. For example, "David's son" becomes
Davidson,and "Peter's son" becomes Peterson.
⑥It's really interesting to know about the
family names, right? What does your last name
mean?
1. What is the family name "Smith" about in
the passage?
A. A place.
B. A colour.
C. A job.
D. A name of a parent.
2. Where might Jack London's family live long
ago according to(根据) his name?
A. In New York.
B. In Sydney.
C. In Paris.
D. In London.
3. In how many ways do westerners get their
family names according to the passage?
A. Three.
B. Four.
C. Five.
D. Six.
4. 新考法·篇章结构 What's the structure(结构)
of the passage?

【语篇导读】本文介绍了英文姓氏的来源。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的"For example,
John Smith, here 'Smith' means the name of a job. "
可知,Smith是一种工作的名字。
2. D 推理判断题。根据第三段"Some westerners get
their family names from their living places such as
Bush, Cliff and Lake. So does the famous American
writer Jack London."可知,一些西方人的姓氏来自居
住地,美国著名作家Jack London也是这样,由此可推
知,Jack London一家很久以前可能住在伦敦。
3. B 细节理解题。第二至五段分别介绍了西方人姓氏
的来源,分别是来自于工作、居住地、颜色和父母,共
四种。
4. A 篇章结构题。分析全文可知,第一段引出话题;第
二至五段分别介绍了四个获得姓氏的途径;第六段为
总结。
【方法技巧】想要做好篇章结构题就要注意文
章关键位置,如首段、尾段以及每段的首句,并关
注连接词或者过渡句,这些也可以帮助把握段落
关系。