二、用所给词的适当形式填空
high / move / decide / be / tell
Long ago, there 1 an old man called Yu Gong. He lived with his family near two huge mountains. The mountains blocked their way, so Yu Gong 2 to move them away. He 3 his family that they would work together every day. A wise man laughed at him, but Yu Gong said, "If I die, my sons will continue. If they die, my grandchildren will continue. The mountains can't grow 4, but our family will never stop 5 them." His spirit finally moved the Heavenly Emperor.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

二、1. was 2. decided 3. told 4. higher
5. moving

【分析】
首先，根据文章开头的“Long ago”可以确定整篇文章的时态为一般过去时，这是解题的关键。
1. 第一空是there be句型，主语是“an old man”，为单数，且时态是一般过去时，所以be动词要用对应的过去式形式。
2. 第二空，结合语境“山挡住了路，所以愚公________移走它们”，这里需要表达“决定”的含义，且要使用一般过去时，同时“decide to do sth”是固定搭配，符合语境要求。
3. 第三空，语境是“他________家人他们每天一起干活”，这里需要表达“告诉”的含义，用一般过去时，“tell sb sth”是固定搭配，契合语义。
4. 第四空，根据语境“山不会变得________”，这里暗含与之前对比的意思，需要用形容词的比较级来体现“更高”的语义。
5. 第五空，“stop doing sth”是固定搭配，表示“停止做某事”，这里指永远不会停止移山，所以要用动词的动名词形式。
【解析】
1. 由“Long ago”确定时态为一般过去时，there be句型中主语“an old man”是单数，be动词的过去式单数形式为was，故填was。
2. 根据语境判断此处需填“决定”的过去式，decide的过去式是decided，且“decide to do sth”符合“决定做某事”的搭配，故填decided。
3. 此处表达“告诉家人”，tell的过去式是told，符合一般过去时的时态要求，故填told。
4. 此处表示山不会变得更高，high的比较级是higher，契合语境，故填higher。
5. “stop doing sth”是固定搭配，意为“停止做某事”，因此填move的动名词形式moving。
【答案】
1. was 2. decided 3. told 4. higher 5. moving
【知识点】
1. 一般过去时用法
2. 固定短语搭配
3. 形容词比较级
【点评】
这道题借助愚公移山的经典寓言故事，综合考查了一般过去时的运用、常见固定短语以及形容词比较级的用法，既要求学生理解故事语境，也需要掌握基础的语法和短语知识，能有效巩固相关知识点。
【难度系数】
0.6

Long ago, an old man and his son lived on the northern borders. They kept many horses. One night, there was a terrible storm. One of his horses was missing. His neighbors came to comfort him when they heard the news. However, he said, "Maybe it's not such a bad thing." The neighbors kept quiet. They couldn't understand the old man.
Several months later, the missing horse came back with a great steed(骏马) beside it. His neighbors came to congratulate him, telling him that he had good luck. But the old man said, "Perhaps my horse returning is not such a good thing." The neighbors kept quiet again. They really couldn't understand the old man.
His son loved riding, and every morning he took a ride. But one day, he fell off the great steed and hurt his legs. Neighbors came to comfort the old man, and again the old man said, "Maybe it's not such a bad thing." The neighbors kept quiet again. They really couldn't understand the old man.
One year later, all the young men in the country were asked to join the army. And most of them died during the war. Luckily, his son didn't have to join the war because of his broken legs. Just then, neighbors understood the old man.
Good things and bad things can be exchanged. Bad things can become good things, and good things can become bad things.
()1. What happened to the old man's horse one night?
A. It won a race.
B. It ran away and got lost.
C. It was sold to a neighbor.
D. It stayed inside during the storm.
()2. Which sentence best explains the old man's opinion on life?
A. The old man was always sad about what happened.
B. The old man believed that every event has two sides.
C. The old man thought his neighbors were very wise.
D. The old man never changed his opinion about bad luck.
()3. Why didn't the old man's son join the army?
A. He was too young.
B. He was already a soldier.
C. He had hurt his legs.
D. He didn't want to fight in the war.
()4. What did the old man mean when he said "Maybe it's not such a bad thing"?
A. He was sure it was a good thing.
B. He thought something good might come from it.
C. He was unhappy about what happened.
D. He knew the future and was predicting it.
()5. What big idea does the story show us?
A. Always keep your horses inside.
B. Good luck and bad luck can change places.
C. Neighbors should always understand each other.
D. War is the only thing to be afraid of.

1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B

【分析】
这是一篇哲理类阅读理解题，解题需紧扣文章细节与主旨：
1. 第1题：定位第一段找马的遭遇，根据“One of his horses was missing”的细节匹配选项；
2. 第2题：结合文章结尾的总结句，分析老人对事件的态度，判断其核心观点；
3. 第3题：锁定第四段关于儿子未参军的原因，直接提取关键信息；
4. 第4题：联系故事后续发展，理解老人话语的隐含逻辑，即坏事可能带来转机；
5. 第5题：抓住文章最后一段的主旨句，明确故事传达的“祸福相依”的道理。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段“One night, there was a terrible storm. One of his horses was missing.”可知，老人的马在暴风雨中丢失了，选项B“It ran away and got lost.”与文意相符，故选B。
2. 第2题：文章结尾提到“Good things and bad things can be exchanged. Bad things can become good things, and good things can become bad things.”，说明老人认为每件事都有正反两面，选项B“The old man believed that every event has two sides.”符合这一观点，故选B。
3. 第3题：由第四段“Luckily, his son didn't have to join the war because of his broken legs.”可知，儿子因为腿部受伤无需参军，选项C“He had hurt his legs.”表述正确，故选C。
4. 第4题：从故事后续情节来看，马丢失后带回了骏马，儿子摔断腿却躲过了战争，老人说“Maybe it's not such a bad thing”是认为坏事可能会带来好的结果，选项B“He thought something good might come from it.”符合此意，故选B。
5. 第5题：文章最后一段点明主旨“Good things and bad things can be exchanged. Bad things can become good things, and good things can become bad things.”，即好运与厄运可以相互转换，选项B“Good luck and bad luck can change places.”准确概括了这一核心思想，故选B。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B
【知识点】
细节理解题，主旨大意题，推理判断题
【点评】
本文通过“塞翁失马”的经典故事传达了祸福相依的哲理，题目从细节提取、推理判断到主旨把握多维度考查阅读理解能力，既帮助学生巩固解题技巧，也能引导学生感悟生活中的辩证思维。
【难度系数】
0.6