一 新素养 行为导向 选句子补全短文，使短文完整、通顺。（其中有一项多余）
William grew up in a poor family in Africa. 1. At night, they had to use oil lamps to see. Unluckily, oil was too expensive for his parents to buy. 2. One day, he read a book on how to turn wind into electricity with a windmill(风车). “That is amazing!” 3.
First, he had to collect all the materials(材料). 4.
Then he started to make the windmill. 5.
Finally, he realized his dream after he tried many times. Growing up in a poor family, William didn’t give up in the face of difficulties. He kept reading, taught himself and lit up the whole farm.
A. He dug through the rubbish on the farms nearby and kept doing so until he got what he wanted.
B. Though he didn’t know what a windmill was, he decided to give it a try.
C. He thought the windmill was too difficult to make, so he stopped.
D. His family lived on a farm and there was no electricity.
E. Once he finished his farm work, he began to study the materials carefully until midnight.
F. William wanted to change the life there, but he had no idea how to realize it.

1. D 2. F 3. B 4. A 5. E

【分析】
首先通读全文，把握William的励志经历：非洲贫困家庭长大→想改变生活→接触风车知识→尝试制作→成功。解题时需结合空格前后的语境逻辑，匹配对应句子：1. 第一空后提到晚上用油灯，说明无电，对应前文贫困家庭的情况；2. 第二空后提到读风车的书，说明他有改变的想法但无方法；3. 第三空前感叹风车神奇，对应他决定尝试的态度；4. 第四空前提到收集材料，对应找材料的行为；5. 第五空前提到开始做风车，对应学习相关内容的行为。
【解析】
1. 第一空：前文说William在贫困家庭长大，后文提到晚上用油灯，说明家里无电，对应选项D（His family lived on a farm and there was no electricity），故选D；
2. 第二空：前文说油太贵买不起，后文提到他读了关于风车的书，说明他想改变生活但不知道如何实现，对应选项F（William wanted to change the life there, but he had no idea how to realize it），故选F；
3. 第三空：前文感叹风车神奇，对应他决定尝试制作的态度，选项B（Though he didn’t know what a windmill was, he decided to give it a try）符合，故选B；
4. 第四空：前文说要收集材料，选项A（He dug through the rubbish on the farms nearby and kept doing so until he got what he wanted）是收集材料的具体行为，故选A；
5. 第五空：前文说开始制作风车，选项E（Once he finished his farm work, he began to study the materials carefully until midnight）是制作前学习材料的行为，符合语境，故选E。
【答案】
1. D 2. F 3. B 4. A 5. E
【知识点】
英语阅读理解 补全短文
【点评】
本题以William的励志故事为载体，考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑的理解能力，需梳理故事发展脉络，结合语境匹配句子，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.4

二 新素养 价值导向 完形填空。
There was a talent show in our school last month. I signed up(报名) to play the guitar and practised hard for weeks. However, the night before the show, something 1 happened. While I was playing the guitar, one of the strings(弦) 2 broke. I didn't have a spare one, and all the music stores were 3. I sat on my bed, crying and looking at the broken string.
My mum came in and noticed the broken string. She said, “Remember when you learned to ride a bike? You 4 many times, but you could always stand up again.” Her words made me think. If I 5, all my practice would mean nothing.
The next morning, I borrowed a 6 from my music teacher. It was quite old, but it was better than nothing. I 7 as much as I could backstage(在后台) to got used to it.
When my name was called, I took a 8 breath and stepped onto the stage. At first, my hands shook. But soon I forgot everything else and just focused on the music. Although I didn’t win first place in the end, it didn’t 9.
On that day, I realized something important: 10 are chances to show how strong we are. Whenever we face difficulties, we should never give up.
()1. A. strange B. funny C. terrible D. exciting
()2. A. nearly B. simply C. finally D. suddenly
()3. A. open B. closed C. ready D. full
()4. A. fell B. rode C. jumped D. moved
()5. A. showed up B. got up C. gave up D. hurried up
()6. A. violin B. guitar C. piano D. drum
()7. A. relaxed B. changed C. improved D. practised
()8. A. deep B. soft C. sweet D. fresh
()9. A. help B. work C. matter D. count
()10. A. Dreams B. Difficulties C. Competitions D. Failures

1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. B

【分析】
做完形填空需先通读全文，明确文章主旨（本文讲述作者参加学校才艺秀时遭遇吉他弦断裂的意外，最终克服困难完成表演，领悟面对困难不应放弃的道理），再逐空结合上下文语境、词义辨析及逻辑关系分析选项，最后验证答案是否符合文意。
【解析】
1. 空1：前文提到作者为才艺秀准备很久，转折后出现不好的事，terrible（糟糕的）符合语境，故选C。
2. 空2：弹吉他时弦意外断裂，suddenly（突然地）体现事件的突发性，故选D。
3. 空3：没有备用弦，音乐店都关门了，closed（关闭的）符合场景，故选B。
4. 空4：回忆学骑车的经历，多次摔倒后又站起来，fell（摔倒）符合语境，故选A。
5. 空5：妈妈的话让作者意识到如果放弃，之前的练习就毫无意义，gave up（放弃）符合文意，故选C。
6. 空6：作者原本要弹吉他，所以向音乐老师借吉他，guitar符合，故选B。
7. 空7：为适应新吉他，在后台尽可能练习，practised（练习）符合动作，故选D。
8. 空8：上台前深呼吸调整状态，deep breath是固定搭配，故选A。
9. 空9：虽然没拿第一，但这并不重要，matter（要紧，重要）符合语境，故选C。
10. 空10：文章主题是面对困难，所以此处指困难是展现坚强的机会，difficulties（困难）符合，故选B。
【答案】1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.B
【知识点】完形填空解题技巧、词汇辨析、语境理解
【点评】本文以作者的亲身经历传递“面对困难不放弃”的励志理念，贴近学生生活，考查学生对语境的把握和基础词汇的运用，是典型的初中完形填空题。
【难度系数】0.6