2026年能力素养与学力提升八年级英语上册译林版第127页答案
一、根据括号中的中文提示或句意,写出句中所缺单词或短语,使句子通顺。
1. There are many small
ponds
(池塘)in the countryside, and they are home to fish and frogs.
2. A forest ecosystem may
include
trees, animals, insects, and even the soil.
3. In science, things like rocks and air are called
non-living
(非生物的)parts of the environment.
4. Many birds migrate to warm
wetlands
(湿地)during the cold winter months.
5. The project will cost
around
(大约)50,000 yuan, according to the plan.
6. A sponge can
hold
(容纳)a lot of water, which is why it's useful for cleaning.
7. After the storm, the water level in the river slowly
returned
(返回)to normal.
8. Planting trees can help
get rid of
(去除)harmful gases from the air.

答案

1. ponds 2. include 3. non-living 4. wetlands 5. around 6. hold 7. returned 8. get rid of

解析

【分析】
这类题需结合句子语境、括号内中文提示确定核心词汇,同时根据语法规则调整词汇形式(如名词单复数、动词时态/原形等)。解题步骤:1. 通读句子理解句意;2. 依据中文提示明确需填词汇;3. 结合句子结构调整词汇形式,确保符合语法要求。
【解析】
1. 句意:乡下有很多小池塘,是鱼和青蛙的家。many后接可数名词复数,“池塘”的英文为pond,复数形式是ponds。
2. 句意:森林生态系统可能包含树、动物、昆虫甚至土壤。情态动词may后需接动词原形,“包含”对应英文include。
3. 句意:科学上,像岩石、空气这类事物被称为环境的非生物部分。“非生物的”是形容词,修饰名词parts,对应英文non-living。
4. 句意:很多鸟类在寒冬迁徙到温暖的湿地。“湿地”的英文为wetland,此处指一类事物,用复数形式wetlands。
5. 句意:根据计划,该项目大约花费5万元。修饰数词表“大约”,用介词around。
6. 句意:海绵能容纳大量水,这是它清洁有用的原因。情态动词can后接动词原形,“容纳”对应英文hold。
7. 句意:暴风雨过后,河流水位慢慢恢复正常。描述过去的动作,用一般过去时,“返回”对应英文returned。
8. 句意:种树有助于去除空气中的有害气体。“去除”对应固定短语get rid of,help后接动词原形。
【答案】
1. ponds 2. include 3. non-living 4. wetlands 5. around 6. hold 7. returned 8. get rid of
【知识点】
名词单复数、动词形式、形容词词义
【点评】
本题考查基础英语词汇的运用,需结合语境和语法规则调整词汇形式,难度适中,是英语学习中常见的基础题型,能有效检验学生的词汇掌握情况。
【难度系数】
0.7
二、根据短文内容,用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空,使短文完整通顺。
Greenland is the
largest
(large) island in the world. It is in the
north
(northern) of Europe. Near Greenland is another island.
Its
(it) name is Iceland.
Do you think that Greenland is green and warm, and Iceland is white with ice? If you
do
(do), you are wrong. Not many people live in Greenland. There must be
more
(many) people in your hometown than in Greenland. That is because Greenland is not green. Greenland is white. It is
covered
(cover) with lots of ice. What about Iceland?
Is
(be) it colder than Greenland? No, it is not. Iceland has ice, but it does not have so
much
(many) ice. Iceland has a lot of hot springs(温泉). They
give
(give) out vapour(蒸汽) and heat(热量). And there are a lot of people
living
(live) in Iceland.
1.
largest
2.
north
3.
Its
4.
do
5.
more

6.
covered
7.
Is
8.
much
9.
give
10.
living

答案

1. largest 2. north 3. Its 4. do 5. more 6. covered 7. Is 8. much 9. give 10. living

解析

【分析】
要根据每个空的语境和语法规则分析:1. 句中出现范围“in the world”(三者及以上),形容词需用最高级;2. 定冠词the后接名词,括号内是形容词需转换为名词;3. 修饰名词需用形容词性物主代词;4. 前文是Do引导的一般疑问句,简略回答用对应助动词;5. 句中出现比较级标志than,形容词用比较级;6. 考查固定搭配be covered with,需用动词过去分词;7. 本句是一般疑问句,主语为it,be动词提前;8. ice是不可数名词,需用修饰不可数名词的限定词;9. 主语是they,一般现在时谓语用原形;10. there be句型后接动词ing形式表主动。
【解析】
1. 由“in the world”(世界范围内,三者及以上)可知,此处用large的最高级largest;
2. 定冠词the后接名词,northern的名词形式为north,故填north;
3. 修饰名词name,用形容词性物主代词Its,句首首字母大写;
4. 前文问句是“Do you think...”,简略回答用助动词do,故填do;
5. 由than可知,此处用many的比较级more;
6. 固定搭配be covered with表示“被……覆盖”,故填covered;
7. 本句是一般疑问句,主语为it,be动词提前,故填Is;
8. ice是不可数名词,so much修饰不可数名词,故填much;
9. 主语是they,一般现在时,谓语动词用原形give;
10. there be句型后接动词ing形式作定语表主动,故填living。
【答案】
1. largest 2. north 3. Its 4. do 5. more 6. covered 7. Is 8. much 9. give 10. living
【知识点】
形容词的级、词性转换、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查英语词汇在语境中的正确形式运用,涵盖形容词的级、词性转换、固定搭配等基础知识点,需结合语法规则和上下文分析,难度适中,适合初中学生巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.6
(
D
)1. —Do your pets
the white cat, Carl?
—Yes. I have three pet cats,
this one.

A.include; include
B.including; included
C.including; include
D.include; including

答案

1. D

解析

【分析】本题考查动词原形与介词的用法区别。首先明确句子结构:第一空所在句是一般疑问句,助动词Do后需接动词原形;第二空是对前文的补充说明,需用介词表“包括”的含义,结合选项辨析即可得出答案。
【解析】第一空:一般疑问句结构为“Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他”,助动词Do后必须接动词原形,故填include;第二空:including是介词,用于名词/代词前表示“包括……”,included多放在名词/代词后,此处空格在this one前,故用including。综上,答案为D。
【答案】D
【知识点】动词原形用法;介词including的用法
【点评】本题为英语基础语法题,考查易混词include(动词)和including(介词)的词性及用法差异,是常见的基础考点,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5