一、根据括号中的中文提示写出句中所缺单词，使句子通顺。
1. The teacher wrote the Maths problem on the blackboard with white (粉笔).
2. He got a high (分数)on his Science test because he studied hard.
3. She used a soft (刷子)to clean the dust off her bookshelf.
4. Follow the (说明)on the screen to restart your computer.
5. Walking alone at night in this area is (危险的).

1. chalk 2. mark 3. brush 4. instructions 5. dangerous

【分析】本题要求根据中文提示和句子语境填写正确的英语单词，解题时需先理解句子大意，再结合括号内的中文提示确定所需单词的词义，同时注意单词的形式（如单复数、词性等），确保填入后句子通顺。
【解析】1. 句意：老师用白色粉笔把数学题写在黑板上，“粉笔”对应的英语单词是chalk，为不可数名词，故填chalk。2. 句意：他科学考试得了高分因为他努力学习，“分数”（考试分数）常用mark表示，固定搭配high mark意为“高分”，故填mark。3. 句意：她用软刷子清理书架上的灰尘，“刷子”对应的英语单词是brush，此处由a修饰，用单数形式，故填brush。4. 句意：按照屏幕上的说明重启电脑，“说明”常用复数形式instructions，符合语境，故填instructions。5. 句意：晚上独自在这个区域走是危险的，“危险的”对应的英语形容词是dangerous，作表语，故填dangerous。
【答案】1. chalk 2. mark 3. brush 4. instructions 5. dangerous
【知识点】英语单词拼写、名词用法、形容词用法
【点评】本题为基础单词拼写题，考查核心词汇的掌握及语境运用，难度较低，适合巩固基础词汇。
【难度系数】0.8

二、根据短文内容，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整通顺。
DIY is very popular in China now. Liu Chen is a big fan of it. Liu 1 (work) in Beijing. He is always busy with his work, so he wants to find some ways 2 (relax) himself.
One day when he was in a DIY toy store, he had an idea. "Why not 3 (make) something to relax myself?" Then he began to make model planes, model ships and something else. The things he made by 4 (he) don't look as 5 (perfect) as those in the shops, but he likes them. Now his bookcases are 6 (fill) with all kinds of things he has made. They are very beautiful, and his family and friends are 7 (surprise) to see them.
More and more young people are making or creating things on their own like Yang. Though making things with their own hands 8 (take) lots of time, they enjoy the process very much. They can make almost anything they like.
DIY 9 (become) more and more popular in China now. It may be new to the young, but it was once a way of life for old people. During the 1960s and 1970s, there were not enough living things for people to live on, so they had to do many things themselves. If they 10 (want) something done, they had to do it themselves; and if they needed something, they made it themselves.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. works 2. to relax 3. make 4. himself 5. perfect 6. filled 7. surprised 8. takes 9. is becoming 10. wanted

【分析】
这是一道英语语法填空题，需结合时态规则、固定搭配、词性用法等解题：1. 主语为第三人称单数，描述常态用一般现在时；2. 考查“做某事的方法”的固定搭配；3. 考查表建议的固定句式；4. 考查反身代词的固定短语；5. 考查as...as结构的原级用法；6. 考查表“充满”的固定搭配；7. 考查修饰人的形容词形式；8. 考查动名词作主语的谓语形式；9. 考查现在进行时的用法；10. 考查过去时态的用法。
【解析】
1. 主语Liu是第三人称单数，句子描述常态，用一般现在时，故work变为works；
2. 固定搭配“way to do sth”表示“做某事的方法”，故填to relax；
3. 固定句式“Why not + 动词原形”表建议，故用make；
4. 固定短语“by oneself”表“独自”，he的反身代词是himself；
5. as...as结构中用形容词原级，故填perfect；
6. 固定搭配“be filled with”表“充满”，故fill变为filled；
7. 修饰人（his family and friends）用ed结尾的形容词surprised；
8. 动名词短语作主语，谓语用第三人称单数，一般现在时，故take变为takes；
9. 时间状语now提示用现在进行时，故become变为is becoming；
10. 时间状语During the 1960s and 1970s为过去时间，用一般过去时，故want变为wanted。
【答案】
1. works 2. to relax 3. make 4. himself 5. perfect 6. filled 7. surprised 8. takes 9. is becoming 10. wanted
【知识点】
一般现在时、固定短语搭配、形容词用法
【点评】
本题为英语语法基础题，主要考查时态、固定搭配及词性转换，知识点覆盖核心基础，适合巩固语法知识，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7

()1. —Mum, when can I go out to play football?
—Finish your homework first, I let you go out.

A.and; don't
B.and; didn't
C.or; won't
D.or; haven't

1. C

【分析】首先理解对话语境：孩子询问何时能外出踢足球，妈妈要求先完成作业，否则不让其外出。第一空需表达“否则”的含义，and表并列不符合语境，可排除A、B选项；第二空描述的是将来的动作，需用一般将来时的否定形式，据此分析剩余选项。
【解析】第一空，根据语境“先完成作业，否则不让外出”，需用表“否则”的连词or，and表并列不符合，排除A、B；第二空，此处是对将来动作的表述，需用一般将来时的否定形式won't，didn't为过去式、haven't为现在完成时，均不符合，因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】连词（or的用法）、一般将来时
【点评】本题考查祈使句与连词的搭配结构，核心考点是“祈使句+or+一般将来时”表示“否则就会……”，属于初中英语基础考点，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7