3. I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train (catch).

3. to catch

4. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together (share) a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.
5. It was hard for the soldiers to get close to the drowning boy. All their attempts (rescue) him were in vain.
6. The boy found it hard (concentrate) his attention on his study when he was hungry.
7. Many Europeans explored the continent of Africa in the 19th century with the determination (discover) the unknown.
8. Madam Curie was the first scientist (receive) two Nobel Prizes in the world.
9. Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only (find) it didn't fit.
10. Sorry, I have a lot of homework (finish), so I can't help (do) the housework.

4. to share 5. to rescue 6. to concentrate 7. to discover 8. to receive 9. to find 10. to finish; (to) do

四、语法填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
Shadow puppetry(皮影戏)，also called shadow play，got (it) start thousands of years ago in China and India. This unique form of storytelling is the (old) type of puppetry in the world.
Shadow puppets are figures that (place) between a light and a screen. Moving them creates the illusion(假象) of moving pictures on the screen. experienced puppeteer can make figures appear to walk，talk，fight and dance.
China，India，Indonesia and Türkiye have been very important in the (develop) of this art form over time. The types of stories (tell) with shadow puppetry vary from country to country.
For example，in China，shadow plays are usually based on Chinese folk tales.
Traditional Chinese shadow puppets are made out of animal skin. Today，you might see different kinds of shadow puppets，many of also contain paper，plastic，wood or cloth. There's really no end to how creative puppeteers can be when (make) their puppets.
Shadow puppets are usually constructed from separate (piece) that are then put together with strings or wires. The strings or wires are usually attached long sticks that the puppeteer will use to control the movement of the puppet.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
五、阅读理解
Hydrogen fuel-cell(氢燃料电池) vehicles aren't just from science fiction or unusual experiments. Cars run on hydrogen，like the Toyota Mirai and Hyundai Nexo，are already available，and hydrogen fuel-cell technology is developing fast with the support of billions of dollars in federal research. So why are hydrogen cars almost never seen on U.S. roads today?
“The answer is simple：cost issues，” Sergey Paltsev，a senior scientist at the MIT Energy Initiative told Popular Science. Politicians and car makers once supported the fuel cell—which turns hydrogen's chemical energy into electricity to power an electric motor—as the future of passenger cars. But cheaper batteries and a lot of electric vehicle charging infrastructure(基础设施) have pushed battery-electric cars far ahead.
To switch widely to hydrogen cars，we need to cut costs and build a large amount of infrastructure. The Department of Energy's Alternative Fuels Data Center shows 55 public hydrogen fueling station locations in the U.S. today，almost only in California，while there are more than 68，000 active public electric vehicle charging stations across the country.
“Nothing will change next year，or probably even in the next five years，but hydrogen vehicles have better uses ahead，” said Paltsev. In fact，hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles work better for medium-duty and heavy-duty trucks and aviation(航空). Also，battery-electric vehicles have problems when it comes to driving range，charging time or carrying heavy loads.
The fact that hydrogen passenger cars aren't practical in places like the U.S. now doesn't mean we should just give up on hydrogen fuel-cell technology. “We might need it for many other reasons in the future，” Paltsev warned. He pointed out that international political issues could impede the supply of raw materials for batteries，making hydrogen cars suddenly more affordable.
()1. What do we learn about the development of hydrogen fueling stations in the U.S.?
A. They are evenly distributed across all states in the United States.
B. Their number is far less than that of electric vehicle charging stations.
C. They will reach 68，000 in the next five years according to current trends.
D. They are mainly built to serve passenger cars as their primary target users.
()2. We can infer from the passage that battery-electric vehicles .
A. are not suitable for medium-duty and heavy-duty trucks
B. have solved the problems of driving range and charging time
C. will be replaced by hydrogen vehicles in five years
D. require fewer raw materials than hydrogen vehicles
()3. The underlined word “impede” in paragraph 5 probably means .
A. hide B. delay C. encourage D. block
()4. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Hydrogen vehicles have completely lost the competition with battery-electric cars.
B. Hydrogen fuel-cell technology is useless due to high costs and poor infrastructure.
C. Hydrogen vehicles face current challenges but have promising applications in the future.
D. The U.S. government should stop investing in hydrogen fuel-cell research.

1. its 2. oldest 3. are placed 4. An 5. development 6. told 7. which 8. making 9. pieces 10. to
五、1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。氢燃料电池车已问世且技术发展快,但因成本高、配套设施少,在美国道路上罕见。该技术未来更适用于卡车和航空领域,仍具发展价值。
1. B 解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中“The Department of Energy's Alternative Fuels Data Center shows 55 public hydrogen fueling station locations in the U.S. today, almost only in California, while there are more than 68,000 active public electric vehicle charging stations across the country.”可知,氢燃料站的数量远少于电动汽车充电站。故选 B。
2. A 解析:推理判断题。根据第四段中“In fact, hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles work better for medium-duty and heavy-duty trucks and aviation. Also, battery-electric vehicles have problems when it comes to driving range, charging time or carrying heavy loads.(事实上,氢燃料电池车辆在中型和重型卡车以及航空领域表现更为出色。此外,纯电动汽车在续航里程、充电时间或承载重物方面存在一些问题)”可知,电动汽车不适合中重型卡车。故选 A。
3. D 解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“He pointed out that international political issues could impede the supply of raw materials for batteries, making hydrogen cars suddenly more affordable.(他指出,国际政治问题可能会 impede 电池原材料的供应,从而使氢能源汽车突然变得更经济实惠)”可知,“电池原材料供应受影响”会让氢能源汽车更具优势,推测“impede”应表示对供应的负面作用,结合选项“block(阻碍)”符合语境。故选 D。
4. C 解析:主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Nothing will change next year, or probably even in the next five years, but hydrogen vehicles have better uses ahead(明年情况不会有任何改变,甚至在未来五年内也大概不会有变化,但氢能源汽车未来仍有更广阔的应用前景)”及文章主要说明了氢燃料电池车已问世且技术发展快,但因成本高、配套设施少,在美国道路上罕见。该技术未来更适用于卡车和航空领域,仍具发展价值。可知,这篇文章的主旨是氢能源汽车目前面临一些挑战,但未来仍有广阔的应用前景。故选 C。