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Ⅰ. 完形填空
[2024 湖南湘潭期末]If you go to a fast food restaurant, you can see a lot of teenagers. Today, many teenagers are 1 because of their favourite food. Most teenagers like junk food 2 a lot of fat, salt and sugar.
Bad eating habits are more serious than eating junk food. We find many teenagers don't have 3 before they go to school. During the day, some don't eat proper (合适的) food for lunch.
Parents today also 4 about their children's diet. Some doctors give the following 5 .
Teenagers shouldn't eat food with much 6 . Salt can cause illnesses in the future.
Teenagers shouldn't have food with much sugar, for example, cola or ice cream. But they can 7 milk and yogurt.
Teenagers 8 eat some fruit and vegetables every day. Fruit and vegetables are rich in vitamins(维生素) and they are 9 in fat.
Teenagers should do more 10 when they are free to keep healthy.
()1. A. thin
B. heavy
C. tall
()2. A. of
B. with
C. from
()3. A. dinner
B. lunch
C. breakfast
()4. A. worry
B. talk
C. think
()5. A. plans
B. advice
C. medicine
()6. A. fat
B. salt
C. sugar
()7. A. watch
B. drink
C. sell
()8. A. can't
B. may
C. must
()9. A. much
B. low
C. high
()10. A. homework
B. shopping
C. sport
[2024 湖南湘潭期末]If you go to a fast food restaurant, you can see a lot of teenagers. Today, many teenagers are 1 because of their favourite food. Most teenagers like junk food 2 a lot of fat, salt and sugar.
Bad eating habits are more serious than eating junk food. We find many teenagers don't have 3 before they go to school. During the day, some don't eat proper (合适的) food for lunch.
Parents today also 4 about their children's diet. Some doctors give the following 5 .
Teenagers shouldn't eat food with much 6 . Salt can cause illnesses in the future.
Teenagers shouldn't have food with much sugar, for example, cola or ice cream. But they can 7 milk and yogurt.
Teenagers 8 eat some fruit and vegetables every day. Fruit and vegetables are rich in vitamins(维生素) and they are 9 in fat.
Teenagers should do more 10 when they are free to keep healthy.
()1. A. thin
B. heavy
C. tall
()2. A. of
B. with
C. from
()3. A. dinner
B. lunch
C. breakfast
()4. A. worry
B. talk
C. think
()5. A. plans
B. advice
C. medicine
()6. A. fat
B. salt
C. sugar
()7. A. watch
B. drink
C. sell
()8. A. can't
B. may
C. must
()9. A. much
B. low
C. high
()10. A. homework
B. shopping
C. sport
答案
完形填空·语篇导读 短文主要介绍了青少年的饮食习惯问题以及医生的建议。
快速
对答案
1—5 B B C A B
6—10 B B C B C
1. B thin 意为"瘦的";heavy 意为"重的;沉的";tall 意为"高的"。根据 Most teenagers like junk food 可知此处指许多青少年因为他们最喜欢的食物而变重。
2. B 句意为:大多数青少年喜欢带有许多脂肪、盐和糖的垃圾食品。根据语境可知此处表示"带有",故选B项。
3. C 根据 before they go to school 可知上学前不吃早餐,故选C项。
4. A 句意为:如今父母也担心他们孩子的饮食。worry 意为"担心";talk 意为"谈论";think 意为"想"。根据语境可知此处指担心孩子们的饮食,故选A项。
5. B plan 意为"计划";advice 意为"建议";medicine 意为"药"。根据下文可知一些医生给出了建议,故选B项。
6. B 根据"Salt can cause illnesses in the future."可知青少年不应该吃含盐量高的食物。
7. B 根据 milk and yogurt 可知此处表示喝牛奶和酸奶。
8. C 根据 Fruit and vegetables are rich in vitamins 可知,青少年必须每天吃一些水果和蔬菜,故选C项。
9. B 句意为:水果和蔬菜富含维生素,而且它们的脂肪含量低。根据语境并结合常识可知,水果和蔬菜的脂肪含量低。
10. C 根据 when they are free to keep healthy 可知青少年应该在有空的时候多做运动来保持健康,故选C项。
快速
对答案
1—5 B B C A B
6—10 B B C B C
1. B thin 意为"瘦的";heavy 意为"重的;沉的";tall 意为"高的"。根据 Most teenagers like junk food 可知此处指许多青少年因为他们最喜欢的食物而变重。
2. B 句意为:大多数青少年喜欢带有许多脂肪、盐和糖的垃圾食品。根据语境可知此处表示"带有",故选B项。
3. C 根据 before they go to school 可知上学前不吃早餐,故选C项。
4. A 句意为:如今父母也担心他们孩子的饮食。worry 意为"担心";talk 意为"谈论";think 意为"想"。根据语境可知此处指担心孩子们的饮食,故选A项。
5. B plan 意为"计划";advice 意为"建议";medicine 意为"药"。根据下文可知一些医生给出了建议,故选B项。
6. B 根据"Salt can cause illnesses in the future."可知青少年不应该吃含盐量高的食物。
7. B 根据 milk and yogurt 可知此处表示喝牛奶和酸奶。
8. C 根据 Fruit and vegetables are rich in vitamins 可知,青少年必须每天吃一些水果和蔬菜,故选C项。
9. B 句意为:水果和蔬菜富含维生素,而且它们的脂肪含量低。根据语境并结合常识可知,水果和蔬菜的脂肪含量低。
10. C 根据 when they are free to keep healthy 可知青少年应该在有空的时候多做运动来保持健康,故选C项。
解析
【分析】
做完形填空首先要通读全文，把握文章核心主旨：本文围绕青少年饮食健康话题展开，先点明常吃垃圾食品容易引发体重问题，引出当下青少年存在的不良饮食习惯现状，之后介绍家长对孩子饮食的担忧，以及医生给出的几条健康饮食建议。逐空解题时，优先定位上下文的线索提示，辨析三个选项的词义，同时结合生活常识和固定搭配排除不符合语境的选项，就能快速选出正确答案，比如看到第3空的"before they go to school"提示，直接对应上学前的餐食就是早餐，第6空后文直接出现盐的危害的描述，可直接锁定答案。
【解析】
1. 考查形容词词义辨析：thin意为瘦的，heavy意为重的、发胖的，tall意为高的。前文提到青少年爱吃垃圾食品，结合常识常吃高油高糖的垃圾食品容易发胖变重，因此选B。
2. 考查介词词义辨析：of意为属于，with意为带有、含有，from意为来自。句意为大多数青少年喜欢含有大量脂肪、盐和糖的垃圾食品，此处用with表示事物自带的属性，因此选B。
3. 考查名词词义辨析：dinner意为晚餐，lunch意为午餐，breakfast意为早餐。后文提示时间是上学之前，对应上学前的餐食是早餐，指很多青少年不吃早餐，因此选C。
4. 考查动词固定搭配：worry about是固定短语，意为担心，talk about意为谈论，think about意为考虑。句意为如今家长也担心孩子的饮食健康，符合语境，因此选A。
5. 考查名词词义辨析：plans意为计划，advice意为建议，medicine意为药品。下文列出了多条给青少年的健康饮食指引，是医生给出的相关建议，因此选B。
6. 考查名词词义辨析：fat意为脂肪，salt意为盐，sugar意为糖。后文紧接着说明盐未来会引发疾病，对应这条建议是青少年不要吃含盐量过高的食物，因此选B。
7. 考查动词词义辨析：watch意为观看，drink意为喝，sell意为售卖。后面的宾语是牛奶和酸奶，对应的动作是饮用，因此选B。
8. 考查情态动词词义辨析：can't意为不能，may意为可以，must意为必须。后文提到水果和蔬菜富含维生素对身体有益，因此这里要求青少年每天必须吃一些蔬果，因此选C。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析：much意为很多，low意为低的，high意为高的。结合生活常识，水果和蔬菜的脂肪含量很低，be low in sth表示某物质含量低，符合语境，因此选B。
10. 考查名词词义辨析：homework意为作业，shopping意为购物，sport意为运动。句意为空闲时做什么来保持健康，结合常识多做运动能维持健康，因此选C。
【答案】
1—5 B B C A B
6—10 B B C B C
【知识点】
词义辨析，固定搭配，语境推理
【点评】
这是一篇贴近学生日常生活的健康主题完形填空，整体考点偏向基础，绝大多数题目都有明确的上下文线索提示，同时结合了健康生活的常识，既考察了学生对初中低年级核心词汇、固定搭配的掌握程度，也能引导学生养成良好的饮食和运动习惯，做题时注意不要脱离全文语境孤立判断单个句子，多留意前后文的对应提示就能轻松得分。
【难度系数】
0.8
做完形填空首先要通读全文，把握文章核心主旨：本文围绕青少年饮食健康话题展开，先点明常吃垃圾食品容易引发体重问题，引出当下青少年存在的不良饮食习惯现状，之后介绍家长对孩子饮食的担忧，以及医生给出的几条健康饮食建议。逐空解题时，优先定位上下文的线索提示，辨析三个选项的词义，同时结合生活常识和固定搭配排除不符合语境的选项，就能快速选出正确答案，比如看到第3空的"before they go to school"提示，直接对应上学前的餐食就是早餐，第6空后文直接出现盐的危害的描述，可直接锁定答案。
【解析】
1. 考查形容词词义辨析：thin意为瘦的，heavy意为重的、发胖的，tall意为高的。前文提到青少年爱吃垃圾食品，结合常识常吃高油高糖的垃圾食品容易发胖变重，因此选B。
2. 考查介词词义辨析：of意为属于，with意为带有、含有，from意为来自。句意为大多数青少年喜欢含有大量脂肪、盐和糖的垃圾食品，此处用with表示事物自带的属性，因此选B。
3. 考查名词词义辨析：dinner意为晚餐，lunch意为午餐，breakfast意为早餐。后文提示时间是上学之前，对应上学前的餐食是早餐，指很多青少年不吃早餐，因此选C。
4. 考查动词固定搭配：worry about是固定短语，意为担心，talk about意为谈论，think about意为考虑。句意为如今家长也担心孩子的饮食健康，符合语境，因此选A。
5. 考查名词词义辨析：plans意为计划，advice意为建议，medicine意为药品。下文列出了多条给青少年的健康饮食指引，是医生给出的相关建议，因此选B。
6. 考查名词词义辨析：fat意为脂肪，salt意为盐，sugar意为糖。后文紧接着说明盐未来会引发疾病，对应这条建议是青少年不要吃含盐量过高的食物，因此选B。
7. 考查动词词义辨析：watch意为观看，drink意为喝，sell意为售卖。后面的宾语是牛奶和酸奶，对应的动作是饮用，因此选B。
8. 考查情态动词词义辨析：can't意为不能，may意为可以，must意为必须。后文提到水果和蔬菜富含维生素对身体有益，因此这里要求青少年每天必须吃一些蔬果，因此选C。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析：much意为很多，low意为低的，high意为高的。结合生活常识，水果和蔬菜的脂肪含量很低，be low in sth表示某物质含量低，符合语境，因此选B。
10. 考查名词词义辨析：homework意为作业，shopping意为购物，sport意为运动。句意为空闲时做什么来保持健康，结合常识多做运动能维持健康，因此选C。
【答案】
1—5 B B C A B
6—10 B B C B C
【知识点】
词义辨析，固定搭配，语境推理
【点评】
这是一篇贴近学生日常生活的健康主题完形填空，整体考点偏向基础，绝大多数题目都有明确的上下文线索提示，同时结合了健康生活的常识，既考察了学生对初中低年级核心词汇、固定搭配的掌握程度，也能引导学生养成良好的饮食和运动习惯，做题时注意不要脱离全文语境孤立判断单个句子，多留意前后文的对应提示就能轻松得分。
【难度系数】
0.8
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
[2024 江西上饶期末]Do you often feel tired or weak when you wake up? If so, listen to Dr Talbot and he has good ways to help you feel good and keep healthy.
①_______ If you hate feeling tired and unhappy, you should start exercising. Try running, swimming or cycling. When you exercise, your body helps to give you energy and make you feel happy. If you think exercising is not easy, listen to your favourite music and dance to it. That's exercise too.
②_______ You should eat three meals every day and say goodbye to too much fast food. If you need more energy the whole day, make an energy drink. Mix (混合) fresh fruit juice and low - fat milk together. It tastes great.
③_______ Get out close to the air. The smell of flowers will make you feel happy. Even the smell of your favourite food can change your feelings! The green trees are good for your eyes.
④_______ When you have a shower, change the water from hot to cold and back to hot again. You'll feel it's different.
These ways will make you feel great!
( )11. What does the underlined word “hate” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Need.
B. Forget.
C. Love.
D. Dislike.
( )12. 新考法 标题匹配 Match the titles with Paragraphs 2 to 5.
a. Take a shower.
b. Enjoy outside world.
c. Keep a healthy diet.
d. Go to bed early.
e. Start exercising.
A. ① - a; ② - b; ③ - e; ④ - d
B. ① - d; ② - a; ③ - c; ④ - e
C. ① - e; ② - c; ③ - b; ④ - a
D. ① - b; ② - c; ③ - d; ④ - a
( )13. What can we know from the passage?
A. The energy drink tastes terrible.
B. The green trees are bad for our eyes.
C. We should say goodbye to too much fast food.
D. The smell of flowers will make us feel unhappy.
[2024 江西上饶期末]Do you often feel tired or weak when you wake up? If so, listen to Dr Talbot and he has good ways to help you feel good and keep healthy.
①_______ If you hate feeling tired and unhappy, you should start exercising. Try running, swimming or cycling. When you exercise, your body helps to give you energy and make you feel happy. If you think exercising is not easy, listen to your favourite music and dance to it. That's exercise too.
②_______ You should eat three meals every day and say goodbye to too much fast food. If you need more energy the whole day, make an energy drink. Mix (混合) fresh fruit juice and low - fat milk together. It tastes great.
③_______ Get out close to the air. The smell of flowers will make you feel happy. Even the smell of your favourite food can change your feelings! The green trees are good for your eyes.
④_______ When you have a shower, change the water from hot to cold and back to hot again. You'll feel it's different.
These ways will make you feel great!
( )11. What does the underlined word “hate” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Need.
B. Forget.
C. Love.
D. Dislike.
( )12. 新考法 标题匹配 Match the titles with Paragraphs 2 to 5.
a. Take a shower.
b. Enjoy outside world.
c. Keep a healthy diet.
d. Go to bed early.
e. Start exercising.
A. ① - a; ② - b; ③ - e; ④ - d
B. ① - d; ② - a; ③ - c; ④ - e
C. ① - e; ② - c; ③ - b; ④ - a
D. ① - b; ② - c; ③ - d; ④ - a
( )13. What can we know from the passage?
A. The energy drink tastes terrible.
B. The green trees are bad for our eyes.
C. We should say goodbye to too much fast food.
D. The smell of flowers will make us feel unhappy.
答案
阅读理解·语篇导读 这篇短文主要介绍了一些方法来帮助人们感觉良好并保持健康。
快速对答案 11—13 D C C
11. D 词义猜测题。根据"If you hate feeling tired and unhappy, you should start exercising."可知,如果你讨厌疲惫和不快乐的感觉,你应该开始运动,所以 hate 和 dislike 同义。
12. C 主旨大意题。根据 you should start exercising 可知①与e对应;根据"You should eat three meals every day and say goodbye to too much fast food."可知②与c对应;根据"Get out close to the air."可知③与b对应;根据"When you have a shower..."可知④与a对应。
13. C 细节理解题。根据"You should eat three meals every day and say goodbye to too much fast food."可知选C项。
快速对答案 11—13 D C C
11. D 词义猜测题。根据"If you hate feeling tired and unhappy, you should start exercising."可知,如果你讨厌疲惫和不快乐的感觉,你应该开始运动,所以 hate 和 dislike 同义。
12. C 主旨大意题。根据 you should start exercising 可知①与e对应;根据"You should eat three meals every day and say goodbye to too much fast food."可知②与c对应;根据"Get out close to the air."可知③与b对应;根据"When you have a shower..."可知④与a对应。
13. C 细节理解题。根据"You should eat three meals every day and say goodbye to too much fast food."可知选C项。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍健康生活小技巧的说明文阅读理解，解题时可以分题型逐个突破：
1. 第11题是词义猜测题，先定位划线单词所在的句子，结合句子逻辑：如果______疲惫不开心的状态，就应该开始锻炼，结合常理能推断出划线词是“讨厌、不喜欢”的含义，再对应选项选出同义表达即可。
2. 第12题是段落主旨匹配题，逐段抓取段落核心内容：第①段核心号召大家开始锻炼，第②段围绕三餐饮食展开，第③段号召大家走到户外，第④段提到洗澡的小技巧，把段落内容和给出的小标题逐一对应，就能选出正确匹配的选项。
3. 第13题是细节理解题，把每个选项的内容逐一返回原文定位比对，和原文表述一致的就是正确答案，和原文矛盾的直接排除。
【解析】
11. 词义猜测题：根据划线词所在句"If you hate feeling tired and unhappy, you should start exercising."的逻辑，如果你想要改善疲惫、不开心的状态就需要锻炼，说明hate的含义是“讨厌、不喜欢”，和Dislike含义一致，因此选D。
12. 主旨匹配题：
①段核心句是"you should start exercising"，对应小标题e. Start exercising；
②段核心句是"You should eat three meals every day and say goodbye to too much fast food"，围绕健康饮食展开，对应小标题c. Keep a healthy diet；
③段核心句是"Get out close to the air"，倡导接触户外自然，对应小标题b. Enjoy outside world；
④段核心句是"When you have a shower, change the water from hot to cold and back to hot again"，介绍洗澡的小方法，对应小标题a. Take a shower；
最终匹配结果为①-e；②-c；③-b；④-a，对应选项C。
13. 细节理解题：
A选项：原文提到能量饮料"It tastes great"，并非味道很差，表述错误；
B选项：原文提到"The green trees are good for your eyes"，并非对眼睛有害，表述错误；
C选项：原文明确说明"You should eat three meals every day and say goodbye to too much fast food"，和选项表述完全一致，正确；
D选项：原文提到"The smell of flowers will make you feel happy"，并非让人不开心，表述错误。
因此选C。
【答案】
11. D 12. C 13. C
【知识点】
英语词义猜测，段落主旨匹配，阅读细节查找
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础阅读题，话题贴近日常生活，三个考点都是初中阅读理解的高频常规题型，不需要复杂推理，只要能准确定位原文对应内容，就能快速选出正确答案，适合巩固基础阅读解题技巧。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍健康生活小技巧的说明文阅读理解，解题时可以分题型逐个突破：
1. 第11题是词义猜测题，先定位划线单词所在的句子，结合句子逻辑：如果______疲惫不开心的状态，就应该开始锻炼，结合常理能推断出划线词是“讨厌、不喜欢”的含义，再对应选项选出同义表达即可。
2. 第12题是段落主旨匹配题，逐段抓取段落核心内容：第①段核心号召大家开始锻炼，第②段围绕三餐饮食展开，第③段号召大家走到户外，第④段提到洗澡的小技巧，把段落内容和给出的小标题逐一对应，就能选出正确匹配的选项。
3. 第13题是细节理解题，把每个选项的内容逐一返回原文定位比对，和原文表述一致的就是正确答案，和原文矛盾的直接排除。
【解析】
11. 词义猜测题：根据划线词所在句"If you hate feeling tired and unhappy, you should start exercising."的逻辑，如果你想要改善疲惫、不开心的状态就需要锻炼，说明hate的含义是“讨厌、不喜欢”，和Dislike含义一致，因此选D。
12. 主旨匹配题：
①段核心句是"you should start exercising"，对应小标题e. Start exercising；
②段核心句是"You should eat three meals every day and say goodbye to too much fast food"，围绕健康饮食展开，对应小标题c. Keep a healthy diet；
③段核心句是"Get out close to the air"，倡导接触户外自然，对应小标题b. Enjoy outside world；
④段核心句是"When you have a shower, change the water from hot to cold and back to hot again"，介绍洗澡的小方法，对应小标题a. Take a shower；
最终匹配结果为①-e；②-c；③-b；④-a，对应选项C。
13. 细节理解题：
A选项：原文提到能量饮料"It tastes great"，并非味道很差，表述错误；
B选项：原文提到"The green trees are good for your eyes"，并非对眼睛有害，表述错误；
C选项：原文明确说明"You should eat three meals every day and say goodbye to too much fast food"，和选项表述完全一致，正确；
D选项：原文提到"The smell of flowers will make you feel happy"，并非让人不开心，表述错误。
因此选C。
【答案】
11. D 12. C 13. C
【知识点】
英语词义猜测，段落主旨匹配，阅读细节查找
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础阅读题，话题贴近日常生活，三个考点都是初中阅读理解的高频常规题型，不需要复杂推理，只要能准确定位原文对应内容，就能快速选出正确答案，适合巩固基础阅读解题技巧。
【难度系数】
0.8
