Chinese scientists have made a great discovery. They found a new method to produce water on the moon, which could change how we think about living on the moon in the future. They wrote about their discovery in a science magazine called The Innovation. Their discovery shows that by using lunar soil(月壤), scientists can create a lot of water on the moon.
In the past, missions(太空飞行任务) to the moon showed that there might be ice at the moon's north and south poles(极). However, there's not much water in lunar soil—only a little bit, like 0.000,1 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there.
The researchers, however, found something exciting, after studying the rocks and soil from the moon brought back by the Chang'e-5 spacecraft(航天器). They found that solar winds(太阳风) had influenced the minerals(矿物) in the moon for billions of years. As a result, the minerals had kept plenty of hydrogen(氢). When heated to high temperatures, the hydrogen reacts with the iron oxides(氧化铁) in the minerals to produce iron and lots of water. When the temperature rises above 1,000 ℃, the lunar soil melts(熔化) and the water produced by the reaction can be found as water vapor(水蒸气).
The researchers also learned that just 1,000 g of lunar soil can give us 51 to 76 g of water. So, if we had one ton of lunar soil, we could get between 51 and 76 kg of water. That's enough to give drinking water to 50 people for one day!
All in all, this research opens up new possibilities for finding water on the moon. It is important for future trips to the moon and people who might live there someday. As we learn more about how to make water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of living on the moon. This discovery could help make that dream come true!
()21. What was the great discovery?
A. A good way of studying lunar soil.
B. A method to produce water on the moon.
C. A science magazine called The Innovation.
D. A change in how we think about living on the moon.
()22. The missions to the moon before the Chang'e-5 mission suggested that .
A. there is no water on the moon
B. there is a lot of ice on the moon
C. it is easy to find ice on the moon
D. it is hard to find water on the moon
()23. (新考法·学科融合)How much water may scientists get if they have 2 kilos of lunar soil?
A. 60 g.
B. 120 g.
C. 180 g.
D. 240 g.
()24. (新考法·篇章结构)Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

()25. (新考法·写作意图)The writer wrote the passage mainly to .
A. talk about the fun of humans living on the moon
B. ask about the risks of recycling water on the moon
C. introduce new possibilities for future trips to the moon
D. share exciting news about producing water on the moon
C

21. B
22. D
23. B
24. C
25. D

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合原文细节、数据计算、篇章结构及主旨大意逐一分析各小题：
1. 第21题：定位原文第一段，提取关于重大发现的核心信息，匹配选项；
2. 第22题：定位原文第二段，提取嫦娥五号之前月球任务的相关结论，判断选项；
3. 第23题：根据原文第四段的产水量数据，计算2kg月壤的产水量范围，匹配选项；
4. 第24题：梳理全文段落逻辑，判断符合的篇章结构选项；
5. 第25题：分析全文内容，总结作者的写作意图，匹配选项。
【解析】
21. 细节理解题：根据第一段“They found a new method to produce water on the moon”可知，重大发现是月球制水的新方法，故选B。
22. 细节理解题：根据第二段“there's not much water in lunar soil... which makes it hard to find and use water there”可知，之前的任务表明月球上的水难找到，故选D。
23. 数字计算题：根据第四段“1,000 g of lunar soil can give us 51 to 76 g of water”，2kg=2000g，产水量为102-152g，选项中120g在此范围内，故选B。
24. 篇章结构题：全文结构为：①引入月球制水的发现；②过去月球水的情况；③研究过程；④产水量数据；⑤总结意义，对应选项C的结构，故选C。
25. 主旨大意题：全文主要介绍中国科学家在月球制水的新发现，属于分享这一令人兴奋的消息，故选D。
【答案】
21.B 22.D 23.B 24.C 25.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题为科技类英语阅读理解，考查学生提取细节、计算数据、分析篇章结构及总结主旨的能力，需准确定位原文信息，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6