登录
Ⅳ.阅读理解
「2026 辽宁沈阳七中期中」
Last summer, 12-year-old Lila visited her grandpa's old workshop. It had old tools, a small window that let in sunlight, and a wooden shelf with dusty jars of nails (钉子). There, under a loose (松动的) floorboard, she found a yellowed notebook with strange marks—“Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ” next to her grandpa's tool list. “What do these mean?” Lila asked, holding the notebook up and leaning (倾斜) closer to her grandpa.
Grandpa smiled and sat her down on a wooden chair by the window. “Long ago, people didn’t use 1, 2, 3 like we do now. The Romans made those marks—they’re called Roman numerals. I learned them when I was 10, to count nails and wood for my dad’s small shop.” He pointed to the notebook and said, “‘V’ stands for 5, ‘X’ for 10. See? I wrote ‘Ⅻ’ next to the hammers—that meant 12 hammers in total.”
Lila’s eyes lit up brightly. Grandpa took out a 60-year-old ruler with Roman numerals on it. “Back then, we used them to measure wood lengths for tables. But they're tricky—you can’t add or subtract (减) easily. Later, Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3) came. They’re simpler, so everyone started using them more.”
That day, Lila copied 10 Roman numerals in her notebook carefully. Now, whenever she sees “Ⅻ” on a clock, she thinks of Grandpa’s story—and how numbers once changed to make life easier.
20. When did Lila’s grandpa learn Roman numerals?
A. When he was 10 years old.
B. When he started working in the workshop.
C. When Lila visited him last summer.
D. When he bought the 60-year-old ruler.
21. What does the underlined word “tricky” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Easy to learn.
B. Difficult to use.
C. Fun to practice.
D. Important to remember.
22. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Lila will stop using Arabic numerals after the visit.
B. Roman numerals are no longer used in any way today.
C. Lila’s grandpa used Roman numerals in his work before.
D. Arabic numerals were invented by Lila’s grandpa’s dad.
23. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. How Lila helped her grandpa clean the old workshop.
B. How Lila learned about Roman numerals from her grandpa.
C. Why Arabic numerals are used in modern clocks.
D. Why Lila’s grandpa liked collecting old notebooks.
「2026 辽宁沈阳七中期中」
Last summer, 12-year-old Lila visited her grandpa's old workshop. It had old tools, a small window that let in sunlight, and a wooden shelf with dusty jars of nails (钉子). There, under a loose (松动的) floorboard, she found a yellowed notebook with strange marks—“Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ” next to her grandpa's tool list. “What do these mean?” Lila asked, holding the notebook up and leaning (倾斜) closer to her grandpa.
Grandpa smiled and sat her down on a wooden chair by the window. “Long ago, people didn’t use 1, 2, 3 like we do now. The Romans made those marks—they’re called Roman numerals. I learned them when I was 10, to count nails and wood for my dad’s small shop.” He pointed to the notebook and said, “‘V’ stands for 5, ‘X’ for 10. See? I wrote ‘Ⅻ’ next to the hammers—that meant 12 hammers in total.”
Lila’s eyes lit up brightly. Grandpa took out a 60-year-old ruler with Roman numerals on it. “Back then, we used them to measure wood lengths for tables. But they're tricky—you can’t add or subtract (减) easily. Later, Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3) came. They’re simpler, so everyone started using them more.”
That day, Lila copied 10 Roman numerals in her notebook carefully. Now, whenever she sees “Ⅻ” on a clock, she thinks of Grandpa’s story—and how numbers once changed to make life easier.
20. When did Lila’s grandpa learn Roman numerals?
A. When he was 10 years old.
B. When he started working in the workshop.
C. When Lila visited him last summer.
D. When he bought the 60-year-old ruler.
21. What does the underlined word “tricky” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Easy to learn.
B. Difficult to use.
C. Fun to practice.
D. Important to remember.
22. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Lila will stop using Arabic numerals after the visit.
B. Roman numerals are no longer used in any way today.
C. Lila’s grandpa used Roman numerals in his work before.
D. Arabic numerals were invented by Lila’s grandpa’s dad.
23. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. How Lila helped her grandpa clean the old workshop.
B. How Lila learned about Roman numerals from her grandpa.
C. Why Arabic numerals are used in modern clocks.
D. Why Lila’s grandpa liked collecting old notebooks.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了12岁的Lila在爷爷的旧工作坊中发现了一本写有罗马数字的笔记本,并通过爷爷的讲解了解了罗马数字的历史和用途。
20.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I learned them when I was 10”可知,爷爷是在10岁时学习的罗马数字。故选A。
21.B 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“But they're tricky—you can't add or subtract easily.”可推知,罗马数字的加减运算不便捷,因此使用起来不方便。“tricky”意为“难对付的”。故选B。
22.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I wrote ‘Ⅻ’ next to the hammers—that meant 12 hammers in total.”和第三段中的“Grandpa took out a 60-year-old ruler with Roman numerals on it. ‘Back then, we used them to measure wood lengths for tables.’”可知,爷爷曾用罗马数字记录工具数量,并用刻有罗马数字的尺子测量木材长度。由此推知,爷爷过去在工作中使用过罗马数字。故选C。
23.B 主旨大意题。全文围绕Lila通过爷爷的讲解了解到罗马数字的经历展开,重点描述了她从发现笔记本上的罗马数字到理解罗马数字的过程,因此本文的主旨是“Lila如何从爷爷那里了解罗马数字”。故选B。
20.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I learned them when I was 10”可知,爷爷是在10岁时学习的罗马数字。故选A。
21.B 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“But they're tricky—you can't add or subtract easily.”可推知,罗马数字的加减运算不便捷,因此使用起来不方便。“tricky”意为“难对付的”。故选B。
22.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I wrote ‘Ⅻ’ next to the hammers—that meant 12 hammers in total.”和第三段中的“Grandpa took out a 60-year-old ruler with Roman numerals on it. ‘Back then, we used them to measure wood lengths for tables.’”可知,爷爷曾用罗马数字记录工具数量,并用刻有罗马数字的尺子测量木材长度。由此推知,爷爷过去在工作中使用过罗马数字。故选C。
23.B 主旨大意题。全文围绕Lila通过爷爷的讲解了解到罗马数字的经历展开,重点描述了她从发现笔记本上的罗马数字到理解罗马数字的过程,因此本文的主旨是“Lila如何从爷爷那里了解罗马数字”。故选B。
解析
【分析】这是一篇记叙文阅读理解，涵盖细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断、主旨大意四类核心题型。解题时，细节题需精准定位原文对应信息；词义猜测题要结合上下文语境（尤其是破折号等提示词后的解释）推断词义；推理判断题需基于原文事实合理推导，避免主观臆断；主旨大意题需梳理全文主线，排除片面选项。
【解析】
20. 细节理解题：根据第二段爷爷的表述“I learned them when I was 10”，可知爷爷10岁时学习罗马数字，对应选项A，故选A。
21. 词义猜测题：根据第三段破折号后的解释“you can’t add or subtract easily”（无法轻易进行加减运算），可推知罗马数字使用起来不方便，故“tricky”意为“难用的”，对应选项B，故选B。
22. 推理判断题：由第二段爷爷在锤子旁标注“Ⅻ”（代表12把锤子）、第三段用刻有罗马数字的尺子测量木材长度，可合理推断爷爷过去工作中使用过罗马数字，对应选项C，故选C。
23. 主旨大意题：全文围绕Lila在爷爷旧工作坊发现罗马数字笔记本，通过爷爷讲解了解罗马数字的经历展开，核心是Lila从爷爷处学习罗马数字的过程，对应选项B，故选B。
【答案】20.A 21.B 22.C 23.B
【知识点】细节理解题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题
【点评】本文以生活化故事介绍罗马数字，题型覆盖阅读理解核心考点，能有效考查学生的信息定位、语境推断和主旨归纳能力，是典型的英语阅读理解练习题。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】
20. 细节理解题：根据第二段爷爷的表述“I learned them when I was 10”，可知爷爷10岁时学习罗马数字，对应选项A，故选A。
21. 词义猜测题：根据第三段破折号后的解释“you can’t add or subtract easily”（无法轻易进行加减运算），可推知罗马数字使用起来不方便，故“tricky”意为“难用的”，对应选项B，故选B。
22. 推理判断题：由第二段爷爷在锤子旁标注“Ⅻ”（代表12把锤子）、第三段用刻有罗马数字的尺子测量木材长度，可合理推断爷爷过去工作中使用过罗马数字，对应选项C，故选C。
23. 主旨大意题：全文围绕Lila在爷爷旧工作坊发现罗马数字笔记本，通过爷爷讲解了解罗马数字的经历展开，核心是Lila从爷爷处学习罗马数字的过程，对应选项B，故选B。
【答案】20.A 21.B 22.C 23.B
【知识点】细节理解题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题
【点评】本文以生活化故事介绍罗马数字，题型覆盖阅读理解核心考点，能有效考查学生的信息定位、语境推断和主旨归纳能力，是典型的英语阅读理解练习题。
【难度系数】0.7
