Ⅳ. 仿照示例,用定语从句改写句子。
Model: This is the pen. I lost it yesterday. →
This is the pen that/which I lost yesterday.
1. The girl is my sister. The girl is singing. →

2. I like movies. The movies make me think. →

3. This is the most interesting book. I have ever read it. →

4. Who is the man? He talked to the man just now. →

1. The girl who/that is singing is my sister.
2. I like the movies that/which make me think.
3. This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.
4. Who is the man that he talked to just now?

【分析】本题要求用定语从句改写句子，解题思路为：① 确定两个句子中共同的名词（即定语从句的先行词）；② 判断先行词在从句中充当的成分，结合先行词的指代对象（人/物）选择合适的关系代词（指代人用who/that，指代物用which/that，先行词被最高级修饰时只能用that）；③ 合并两个句子，调整语序，去掉重复的名词，将从句置于先行词之后。
【解析】1. 先行词为the girl（指代人），在从句中作主语，选用关系代词who/that，将从句置于先行词后，调整语序得：The girl who/that is singing is my sister。
2. 先行词为the movies（指代物），在从句中作主语，选用关系代词that/which，合并句子得：I like the movies that/which make me think。
3. 先行词为the most interesting book（指代物，且被最高级most interesting修饰），此时关系代词只能用that，去掉从句中重复的it，合并得：This is the most interesting book that I have ever read。
4. 先行词为the man（指代人），在从句中作talked to的宾语，选用关系代词that，保持原句疑问语序，合并得：Who is the man that he talked to just now?
【答案】1. The girl who/that is singing is my sister.
2. I like the movies that/which make me think.
3. This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.
4. Who is the man that he talked to just now?
【知识点】定语从句；关系代词的用法
【点评】本题考查定语从句的基础运用，需掌握先行词的判断、关系代词的选择规则，是英语语法中定语从句的典型基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.8

Ⅴ. 选择恰当的句子补全短文,其中有一项多余。
Do you have difficulty falling asleep at night? If so, here is some advice for you: Listen to some soft music.
Scientists have found that soft music can help to improve sleep quality and quantity. It works for people of all ages. 1. Soft music can help us fall asleep faster, wake up less during the night and feel more rested in the morning. You may not notice the effects overnight, though. It could take about three weeks to see any improvement.
Why can soft music help us sleep better? 2. It may have something to do with the relaxing effect of a good song. Music can have real physical effects, too. Soft music can lower our heart rate and slow down our breathing. 3.
Some scientists say that for most people, music that has around 70 beats per minute (bpm) works best. Classical, jazz and folk music are usually more effective than other musical styles. 4. You may need to try making your own playlist. And remember to get the volume right. Make sure that the final piece is one that slowly fades out(渐弱). 5.
It is very important to get enough high-quality sleep. Before you go to bed tonight, play some soft music.
A. This prepares us for sleep.
B. Familiar songs work well, too.
C. Scientists like different kinds of music.
D. The reasons aren't clear yet.
E. If not, you may be woken up by the sudden silence.
F. And it works much better for people with sleeping problems.

1. F 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. E

【分析】
本题为英语补全短文题，解题思路如下：1. 通读全文，把握文章主旨（介绍轻音乐助眠的相关内容）；2. 逐个分析每个空缺处的前后语境，结合句子间的逻辑关系（如递进、指代、问答衔接等），匹配对应选项；3. 排除多余选项（本题中选项C为多余项），最终确定答案。
【解析】
1. 空1前句提到“轻音乐对各年龄段的人都有效”，后句阐述轻音乐的具体好处，选项F“它对有睡眠问题的人效果更好”承接前文的有效性，进一步说明适用人群，故1选F。
2. 空2前句以“Why”提问“轻音乐为何助眠”，选项D“原因目前还不清楚”回应提问，且后句解释原因相关内容，故2选D。
3. 空3前句说明轻音乐的物理效果（降低心率、减慢呼吸），选项A“这为睡眠做好了准备”指代前文的物理效果，承接自然，故3选A。
4. 空4前句提到古典、爵士等音乐更有效，选项B“熟悉的歌曲也效果很好”补充说明音乐类型的有效性，后句提到自制歌单，衔接合理，故4选B。
5. 空5前句要求音乐渐弱，选项E“如果不这样，你可能会被突然的寂静吵醒”承接前文的渐弱要求，说明不这样做的后果，故5选E。
【答案】
1. F 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. E
【知识点】
英语补全短文、语境分析、逻辑推理
【点评】
本题围绕“轻音乐助眠”展开，考查学生对文章语境及逻辑关系的理解，解题时需关注前后句的衔接与指代，难度适中，是初中英语常见题型。
【难度系数】
0.5