告别雅加达，印尼新首都努山塔拉来了
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语篇类型: 新闻报道
难度星级: ★★★★★
建议用时: /8 min
参考答案: P12
Indonesia, a country in Southeast Asia, is moving its capital from Jakarta to a new city called Nusantara. This is a big change because Jakarta has been the capital for 79 years. But Jakarta has many problems now. It is one of the most polluted cities in the world, with bad air from cars and factories. The crowded city is also sinking about 10 cm every year because people take too much water from underground. Some parts of the city are lower than the sea, and by 2050, some areas could be underwater!
Additionally, people in Jakarta sometimes face earthquakes and volcanic eruptions(火山喷发). It seems that moving the capital is the only way to improve the living conditions and safety of its people.
The new capital, Nusantara, will be built in East Kalimantan on the island of Borneo. This area is less crowded and has more space for growth. Nusantara will be a modern city with green parks, clean water, and electric cars. The government hopes this will help the country develop more evenly and reduce the pressure on Jakarta.
The move will take many years and cost a lot of money, but the government believes it will be worth it. The new capital will have better facilities(设施) and transportation, making life easier for people. Also, it will create new jobs and opportunities(机会) for people who live nearby.
根据短文内容完成表格,每空一词/数值。
| Feature | Jakarta | Nusantara |
|-----------------------|-|-------------------------|
| Status | Old Capital (1. years) | New Capital |
| Location | Java Island | 2. Island |
| Environment | △Pollution △Sinking land
△Natural disasters: 3. and volcanic eruptions | △More 4.
△Being greener, cleaner and safer
△Better facilities and 5. |
| Future Expectations | √6. pressure
√Improve living conditions
☆More balanced development for the 8. | √A modern city
√New 7. and opportunities |
词汇积累
capital /ˈkæpɪtl/ n. 首都
polluted /pəˈluːtɪd/ adj. 受污染的
crowded /ˈkraʊdɪd/ adj. 拥挤的
earthquake /ˈɜːθkweɪk/ n. 地震
electric /ɪˈlektrɪk/ adj. 电动的
语法充电
动词develop表示“开发,发展”。可以用作及物动词也可以用作不及物动词。例:I want to develop my skills. 我想提高我的技能。
development是名词形式,可以用作可数名词(具体的开发项目或进展)也可以用作不可数名词(整体的发展或进步过程)。例:economic development 经济发展。

1. 79 根据“... because Jakarta has been the capital for 79 years”可知，雅加达作为首都有79年。
2. Borneo 根据“The new capital, Nusantara, will be built in East Kalimantan on the island of Borneo.”可知，新首都在Borneo岛。
3. earthquakes 根据“Additionally, people in Jakarta sometimes face earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.”可知，雅加达有地震和火山喷发的自然灾害。
4. space 根据“This area is less crowded and has more space for growth.”可知，新首都有更多空间。
知识归纳 space的用法
①表示“地球大气层以外的宇宙区域”，如spaceship表示“宇宙飞船”，space station表示“空间站”。
②表示“空间”。泛指空间容量时通常不加冠词，也不用复数形式。如：
There isn't much space in this room.
这个房间没有多少空间。
特指具体的一块区域时可以作为可数名词。如：
We need a space for the new bookshelf.
我们需要一个放置新书架的地方。
③表示空格键/单词等之间的空白区域。
5. transportation 根据“The new capital will have better facilities and transportation”可知，新首都有更好的设施和交通。
6. Reduce 根据“The government hopes this will help the country develop more evenly and reduce the pressure on Jakarta.”可知，政府希望减少雅加达的压力。
7. jobs 根据“Also, it will create new jobs and opportunities for people who live nearby.”可知，新首都有更多工作和机会。
8. country 根据“The government hopes this will help the country develop more evenly”可知，政府希望迁都能让国家更均衡发展。这个均衡发展是国家层面的，比如雅加达缓解了压力，改进了环境，努山塔拉及周边地区得到机遇和发展，这样不同地区的人都会受益。