2026年初中必刷题七年级数学上册苏科版第99页答案
1[2025河北石家庄期中,中]如图,把直角三角板的直角顶点C放在直尺的一边MN上.
(1)点A和点B在直线MN的上方(如图(1)),此时∠ACM与∠BCN的数量关系是
∠ACM+∠BCN=90°
;
(2)将直角三角板绕顶点C旋转,使点A在直线MN的下方,点B仍然在直线MN的上方(如图(2)),此时∠ACM与∠BCN的数量关系是
∠BCN-∠ACM=90°
;
(3)将直角三角板绕顶点C旋转,使点A和点B都在直线MN的下方(如图(3)),求∠ACM与∠BCN的数量关系.

答案

(1) 由题意得∠ACM+∠BCN = 180°-∠ACB = 180°-90° = 90°. 故答案为∠ACM+∠BCN=90°.
(2) 当点A在直线MN的下方,点B仍然在直线MN的上方时,因为∠BCN = 180°-∠BCM,∠ACM = 90°-∠BCM,所以∠BCN-∠ACM = (180°-∠BCM)-(90°-∠BCM) = 90°. 故答案为∠BCN-∠ACM=90°.
(3) 当点A和点B都在直线MN的下方时,因为∠BCN = 180°-∠BCM,∠ACM = 90°+∠BCM,所以∠BCN + ∠ACM = (180°-∠BCM)+(90°+∠BCM) = 270°.
2[2025重庆大足区期末,较难]已知$∠ AOB=2∠ COD=140°$,$OE$平分$∠ AOD$.
(1)如图(1),若$∠ COE=20°$,求$∠ AOC$的度数;
(2)将$∠ COD$旋转至如图(2)的位置,若$OF$平分$∠ BOE$,$∠ BOE=4∠ AOC$,求$∠ DOF$的度数;
(3)将$∠ COD$旋转至如图(3)位置,若$OF$平分$∠ BOE$,直接写出$∠ COE$,$∠ AOF$与$∠ COD$的数量关系.

答案

(1) 因为2∠COD = 140°,所以∠COD = 70°. 因为∠COE = 20°,所以∠DOE = ∠COD-∠COE = 50°. 因为OE平分∠AOD,所以∠AOE = ∠DOE = 50°,所以∠AOC = ∠AOE-∠COE = 30°,即∠AOC的度数为30°.
(2) 因为∠BOE = 4∠AOC,所以设∠AOC = x,则∠BOE = 4x,所以∠AOE = ∠AOB-∠BOE = 140°-4x. 因为OE平分∠AOD,所以∠DOE = ∠AOE = 140°-4x,所以∠AOD = 2∠AOE = 2(140°-4x). 因为∠AOD+∠AOC = ∠COD,所以2(140°-4x)+x = 70°,解得x = 30°,所以∠DOE = 140°-4x = 20°,∠BOE = 4x = 120°. 因为OF平分∠BOE,所以∠EOF = $\frac{1}{2}$∠BOE = 60°,所以∠DOF = ∠EOF-∠DOE = 60°-20° = 40°,即∠DOF的度数为40°.
(3) ∠COE+2∠AOF = 3∠COD. 因为OE平分∠AOD,所以设∠AOE = ∠DOE = y,所以∠BOE = ∠AOB+∠AOE = 140°+y,∠COE = ∠COD+∠DOE = 70°+y. 因为OF平分∠BOE,所以∠EOF = $\frac{1}{2}$∠BOE = 70° + $\frac{1}{2}y$,所以∠AOF = ∠EOF - ∠AOE = 70° - $\frac{1}{2}y$,所以∠COE+2∠AOF = 70°+y+2$(70°-\frac{1}{2}y)$ = 210°. 因为3∠COD = 210°,所以∠COE + 2∠AOF = 3∠COD.
3[中]已知$∠ AOB = 80°$,$∠ COD = 50°$,$OE$平分$∠ AOC$,$OF$平分$∠ BOD$.
(1)如图(1),当$OB$,$OC$重合时,求$∠ EOF$的度数.
(2)将图(1)中$∠ COD$绕点$O$顺时针旋转$n°$($0 < n < 50$)得到图(2),$∠ EOF$的度数是否为定值?若是定值,求出$∠ EOF$的度数;若不是,请说明理由.
(3)在(2)的条件下,若满足$∠ AOD - ∠ EOF = \frac{3}{2}(∠ BOE + ∠ COF)$,求$n$的值.

答案

(1) 因为OB与OC重合,OE平分∠AOC,∠AOB = 80°,所以∠EOB = $\frac{1}{2}$∠AOB = 40°. 因为OF平分∠BOD,∠COD = 50°,所以∠BOF = $\frac{1}{2}$∠COD = 25°,所以∠EOF = ∠EOB+∠BOF = 65°.
(2) ∠EOF的度数是定值. 由旋转可知∠BOC = n°,所以∠AOC = 80°+n°,∠BOD = 50°+n°. 因为OE平分∠AOC,所以∠COE = $\frac{1}{2}$∠AOC. 因为OF平分∠BOD,所以∠BOF = $\frac{1}{2}$∠BOD,所以∠EOF = ∠COE+∠COF = ∠COE+∠BOF-∠BOC = $\frac{1}{2}$∠AOC + $\frac{1}{2}$∠BOD - ∠BOC = $\frac{1}{2}×$(80°+n°) + $\frac{1}{2}×$(50°+n°) - n° = 65°,所以∠EOF的度数是定值,为65°.
(3) 因为∠AOB = 80°,∠COD = 50°,∠BOC = n°,所以∠AOD = ∠AOB + ∠COD + ∠BOC = 80°+50°+n° = 130°+n°. 因为∠AOD - ∠EOF = $\frac{3}{2}$(∠BOE+∠COF) = $\frac{3}{2}$(∠EOF-∠BOC),且∠EOF = 65°,所以130°+n°-65° = $\frac{3}{2}$(65°-n°),解得n = 13,所以n的值为13.