Ⅰ. 完形填空
[2025 河南南阳一模]Reshma Kosaraju lived a happy life in Chicago. Every day, she 1 with her friends after school. She also loved to read books and draw pictures 2 her free time. When Reshma was 12, her family moved to Northern California 3 her father had to work in this city.
Soon after, the Camp Fire started. "It was one of the biggest fires in California history," Reshma, now 19, said. She saw that lots of people were 4 hurt. Their faces were burned. And even some people lost their lives. Everyone was 5 that an uncontrolled fire would harm their homes and family. The fire also caused a lot of damage (破坏) to the environment.
Her 6 was about 320 kilometers south of the fire. But students still had to wear masks (口罩) because of the 7. Reshma felt sad when she saw the news. "It is an unusual experience for me, because I have never really 8 this problem," she said. She wanted to do something to help those people and hoped to work out the 9. Later she created a 10 way to predict (预测) forest fires with AI. Her method was nearly 90% right. "I realized that if I could 11, the results could make a big difference. For example, the 12 can be helped and many lives can be saved," Reshma said. She worked hard on her project and never 13. She believed that her method could work.
Reshma Kosaraju is a person who likes 14. Her ways can prevent people from being hurt in the fire. She is a role model for all of us. We should learn from her and do something 15 for society. And we should follow her example and try to make the world a better place.
()1. A. played
B. argued
C. fought
D. discussed
()2. A. with
B. at
C. on
D. in
()3. A. until
B. although
C. unless
D. because
()4. A. badly
B. suddenly
C. exactly
D. easily
()5. A. sure
B. afraid
C. surprised
D. excited
()6. A. farm
B. school
C. garden
D. museum
()7. A. smoke
B. desert
C. snow
D. storm
()8. A. supposed
B. realized
C. solved
D. experienced
()9. A. difference
B. secret
C. pollution
D. problem
()10. A. different
B. terrible
C. useful
D. strange
()11. A. lose
B. succeed
C. forget
D. leave
()12. A. relationship
B. development
C. environment
D. information
()13. A. gave up
B. took up
C. looked up
D. got up
()14. A. wasting
B. saving
C. building
D. creating
()15. A. popular
B. good
C. lucky
D. interesting

完形填空·语篇导读 本文主要讲述了一个女
孩在亲身经历了火灾之后创造出了一种预测
火灾的方法来保护环境和挽救生命的故事。
快速
1—5 A D D A B
对答案
6—10 B A D D C
11—15 B C A D B
1. A 句意为:每天放学后,她都和朋友们一起
玩。根据 with her friends after school 以及
lived a happy life 可知,她和朋友们一起玩,故
选 A项。
2. D 句意为:她也喜欢在空闲时间读书和画画。
固定搭配 in one's free time 表示"在某人的空
闲时间",故选 D项。
3. D 句意为:当雷什玛 12 岁时,她的家人搬到
了北加利福尼亚,因为她的父亲不得不在这
个城市工作。her family moved to Northern
California 和 her father had to work in this city
是因果关系且后面是原因,此处应用 because
引导原因状语从句,故选 D项。
4. A 根据"Their faces were burned. And even
some people lost their lives."可知,很多人受伤
很严重,badly 意为"严重地",符合语境,故选
A项。
5. B 句意为:每个人都担心一场失控的火灾会
伤害他们的家园和家人。根据 an uncontrolled
fire would harm their homes and family 可知,人
们会担心这种情况发生。故选 B项。
6. B 句意为:她的学校在火灾地点以南约 320
千米处。根据 But students still had to wear
masks 可知,这里说的是她的学校的位置,故
选 B项。
7. A 句意为:但是由于烟雾,学生们仍然不得
不戴口罩。根据前文提到的火灾可知此处指
烟雾,故选 A项。
8. D 句意为:"这对我来说是一次不寻常的经
历,因为我从未真正经历过这个问题,"她说。
根据 It is an unusual experience for me 可知,她
是说从未经历过这样的问题,故选 D项。
9. D 句意为:她想做些事情来帮助那些人,并
希望解决这个问题。根据前文提到的火灾带
来的各种危害可知,她想解决这个问题,故选
D项。
10. C 句意为:后来她用人工智能技术创造了
一种有用的方法来预测森林火灾。根据 to
predict forest fires with AI 和后一句可知,这
个方法是有用的,故选 C项。
11. B 句意为:我意识到如果我能成功,结果会
有很大影响。根据 the results could make a
big difference 和 many lives can be saved 可
知,此处指如果她能成功,故选 B项。
12. C 根据前文"The fire also caused a lot of
damage to the environment."可知,这里是说
环境也能有所好转,故选 C项。
13. A 句意为:她努力进行她的项目,从不放
弃。根据 She worked hard on her project 以及
"She believed that her method could work."可
知,她从未放弃,故选 A项。
14. D 根据上下文可知,她是个喜欢创造的人,
故选 D项。
15. B 句意为:我们应该向她学习,为社会做些
好事。根据"She is a role model for all of
us."和 try to make the world a better place 可
知,此处指为社会做些好事,故选 B项。

【分析】首先通读全文把握主旨：本文讲述了Reshma经历火灾后，用AI技术创造预测森林火灾的方法帮助他人、保护环境的故事。解题时需结合上下文语境、固定搭配、逻辑关系（如因果）及词汇辨析，逐一确定每个空的选项，比如第1空结合“幸福生活”和“和朋友放学后”选玩耍；第2空考查固定搭配“in one's free time”；第3空根据前后因果关系选原因状语从句引导词，以此类推。
【解析】1. A 句意为：每天放学后，她都和朋友们一起玩。根据“lived a happy life”和“with her friends after school”可知，她和朋友玩耍，故选A。
2. D 句意为：她也喜欢在空闲时间读书和画画。固定搭配“in one's free time”表示“在某人的空闲时间”，故选D。
3. D 句意为：当Reshma12岁时，她家搬到北加利福尼亚，因为她父亲不得不在这座城市工作。前后句为因果关系，后句是原因，用because引导，故选D。
4. A 句意为：她看到很多人受伤严重。根据“Their faces were burned. And even some people lost their lives.”可知，受伤程度深，badly意为“严重地”，故选A。
5. B 句意为：每个人都担心失控的火灾会伤害他们的家园和家人。根据语境，人们害怕火灾带来危害，afraid意为“担心、害怕”，故选B。
6. B 句意为：她的学校在火灾地点以南约320千米处。根据“But students still had to wear masks”可知，此处指学校，故选B。
7. A 句意为：但是由于烟雾，学生们仍然不得不戴口罩。火灾产生烟雾，导致需戴口罩，smoke符合语境，故选A。
8. D 句意为：这对我来说是不寻常的经历，因为我从未真正经历过这个问题。根据“unusual experience”可知，是从未亲身经历，故选D。
9. D 句意为：她想做些事帮助那些人，并希望解决这个问题。火灾带来的危害是需要解决的问题，故选D。
10. C 句意为：后来她用AI创造了一种有用的方法预测森林火灾。根据后一句“Her method was nearly 90% right.”可知，方法有效，故选C。
11. B 句意为：我意识到如果我能成功，结果会有很大影响。根据“the results could make a big difference”可知，指项目成功，故选B。
12. C 句意为：例如，环境能得到帮助，很多生命能被挽救。前文提到火灾对环境造成破坏，此处对应环境，故选C。
13. A 句意为：她努力做项目，从不放弃。根据“She worked hard on her project”和“She believed that her method could work.”可知，她坚持不放弃，gave up意为“放弃”，故选A。
14. D 句意为：Reshma是个喜欢创造的人。她创造了预测火灾的方法，故选D。
15. B 句意为：我们应该向她学习，为社会做些好事。根据“try to make the world a better place”可知，指做善事，故选B。
【答案】1.A 2.D 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.D 9.D 10.C 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.B
【知识点】英语完形填空、固定搭配、语境词义辨析
【点评】本文是贴近学生生活的记叙文，讲述Reshma用AI技术助力防灾的故事，考查学生的语境理解、词汇运用及逻辑推理能力，是常规英语完形题型。
【难度系数】0.6

Ⅱ. 阅读理解
[2025 广东河源一模]Fish babies in space? In a space study on zebrafish (斑马鱼), Chinese scientists have set a new record. They successfully got four zebrafish to live and grow in a closed water world.
The zebrafish went to China's space station on the Shenzhou-18 spaceship on April 25, 2024. Since then, they have been living in a closed fish tank with some plants. The fish grew up and had babies in 43 days.
In their special closed environment, the plants made air for the fish and the fish's waste gave the plants food. The scientists gave the fish food through a special needle. Such a closed-loop ecosystem (生态系统) is important for future studies in space. It means that plants and animals can live in space more simply and easily.
The scientists also found that the zebrafish acted differently than they did on earth. For example, they often swam on their back. The low gravity in space is a big reason. On earth, gravity pulls everything to the earth's center, and animals can find their way easily. Gravity also makes their bodies work harder and become stronger.
Humans and zebrafish share over 70 percent of the same genes (基因). So the new finding will help scientists better understand human health.
()16. What do we know about the space study in Paragraphs 1 and 2?
A. Scientists set many records.
B. It was done in a closed environment.
C. The zebrafish had babies in less than a month.
D. Scientists from different countries did it together.
()17. 新考法 图示理解 Which picture should be put in the circle to show the closed-loop ecosystem?

()18. What does the underlined word "gravity" probably mean?
A. Temperature.
B. Energy.
C. Force.
D. Pressure.
()19. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Zebrafish are special animals.
B. How zebrafish act differently in space.
C. The importance of a closed-loop ecosystem in space.
D. A space study on zebrafish by Chinese scientists and its findings.
()20. 新考法 文章出处 Where is the passage probably from?
A. A storybook.
B. A science magazine.
C. A guidebook.
D. A history textbook.

阅读理解·语篇导读 本文主要介绍了中国科
学家在太空养斑马鱼的研究。
快速对答案 16—20 B A C D B
16. B 细节理解题。根据第一段的"They
successfully got four zebrafish to live and grow
in a closed water world."和第二段的"Since
then, they have been living in a closed fish
tank with some plants."可知,这项太空研究
是在封闭环境中进行的。故选 B项。
17. A 推理判断题。根据第三段的"In their
special closed environment, the plants made
air for the fish and the fish's waste gave the
plants food. The scientists gave the fish food
through a special needle."可知此处图片应关
于鱼的排泄物为植物提供食物,故选 A项。
18. C 词义猜测题。根据第四段的"The low
gravity in space is a big reason. On earth,
gravity pulls everything to the earth's center,
and animals can find their way easily."可知,
gravity 的意思是"重力"。故选 C项。
19. D 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了中国科学
家在太空对斑马鱼进行的研究及其发现。
故选 D项。
20. B 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了中国科学
家在太空对斑马鱼的研究,这篇文章可能来
自一本科学杂志。故选 B项。

【分析】
16题：通过定位1、2段中关于研究环境的描述，判断选项；17题：依据第三段的生态循环逻辑（植物造氧、鱼的废物供植物、科学家喂鱼），匹配对应图示；18题：结合后文对该词的解释（拉万物向地心），推断词义；19题：概括全文核心内容，确定主旨；20题：根据文章的科学研究属性，判断出处。
【解析】
16. 细节理解题：根据第一段“They successfully got four zebrafish to live and grow in a closed water world.”和第二段“they have been living in a closed fish tank”可知，这项太空研究在封闭环境中进行，故选B。
17. 推理判断题：根据第三段“the plants made air for the fish and the fish's waste gave the plants food. The scientists gave the fish food through a special needle”，图示需体现鱼的排泄物、植物、喂鱼的环节，对应选项A，故选A。
18. 词义猜测题：根据后文“On earth, gravity pulls everything to the earth's center”可知，gravity意为“重力”，属于力的范畴，故选C。
19. 主旨大意题：全文围绕中国科学家对斑马鱼的太空研究及其发现展开，故选D。
20. 推理判断题：文章介绍的是太空科学研究成果，应出自科学杂志，故选B。
【答案】
16.B 17.A 18.C 19.D 20.B
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本文是关于太空斑马鱼研究的英语阅读理解材料，考查了多种常规阅读题型，难度适中，能有效考查学生的英语阅读与理解能力。
【难度系数】
0.7