Ⅶ. 首字母填空
根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空格处填入一个适当的词使短文完整。
新素材 建立国际碳市场 From November 11 to 22 2024, the COP29 climate meeting was held in Baku, Azerbaijan. During the meeting, countries a on new rules for a global carbon market, which was expected to launch(发起) in 2025.
What are carbon markets? Imagine you and your friends have a limited number of cookies. If you eat fewer cookies, you can sell the r to friends who want more. Carbon markets work the same way b with carbon emissions(排放)—gases from things like cars that make the earth warmer. The government sets a limit on emissions for businesses. If a business p less carbon, it can sell its extra allowance(限额) to others. If it makes more, it has to buy more allowance.
Carbon markets are already working in many places. The European Union started one in 2005. China's began in July 2021 and is now the world's largest, c over 40 per cent of the country's emissions each year, according to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
However, creating an i carbon market is difficult. Countries have different ideas about who should cut emissions more. Some argue that rich countries have sent out the most in the past and should work the h now. They may also need to help poorer countries "go green" and d with extreme weather events.
Another problem is "free riders". This means that some countries may not want to make e and cut down on their emissions, they will just sit back and depend on others to do it i. This way, they will enjoy cleaner air and a healthier environment "for free".
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Ⅶ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 2024 年 COP29 气候会议期间各国就全球碳市场新规则达成的协议,解释了碳市场的工作原理以及国际碳市场面临的挑战。
1. agreed 解析:根据“countries ... on new rules for a global carbon market”可知,各国就全球碳市场的新规则达成协议。agreed on 意为“就……达成协议”,符合语境。故填 agreed。
2. rest 解析:根据“If you eat fewer cookies, you can sell the ... to friends”可知,如果你吃更少的饼干,你可以把剩下的卖给朋友。rest 意为“剩下的”,符合语境。故填 rest。
3. but 解析:根据“Carbon markets work the same way ... with carbon emissions”可知,碳市场以同样的方式运作,但涉及碳排放。上下文之间是转折关系,用 but 连接。故填 but。
4. produces 解析:根据“If a business ... less carbon”可知,如果一个企业产生的碳更少。produces 意为“产生”,主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用 produces。故填 produces。
5. covering 解析:根据“China's began in July 2021 and is now the world's largest, ... over 40 per cent”可知,中国的碳市场覆盖了全国 40%以上的排放。covering over 40 per cent 意为“覆盖超过 40%”,符合语境。故填 covering。
6. international 解析:根据“creating an ... carbon market is difficult”可知,创建一个国际碳市场是困难的。international 意为“国际的”,符合语境。故填 international。
7. hardest 解析:根据“rich countries have sent out the most in the past and should work the ... now”可知,富裕国家过去排放最多,现在应该最努力。hardest 意为“最努力地”,符合语境。故填 hardest。
8. deal 解析:根据“help poorer countries 'go green' and ... with extreme weather events”可知,帮助贫穷国家“绿化”并处理极端天气事件。deal with 意为“处理”,符合语境。故填 deal。
9. efforts 解析:根据“some countries may not want to make ... and cut down on their emissions”可知,一些国家可能不想做出努力来减少排放。efforts 意为“努力”,符合语境。故填 efforts。
10. instead 解析:根据“they will just sit back and depend on others to do it ... This way”可知,他们会坐享其成,依赖他人来做。instead 意为“代替,反而”,符合语境。故填 instead。

【分析】
做首字母填空时，需先通读全文把握主旨（本文围绕国际碳市场展开），再结合每个空格的上下文语境、首字母提示，同时考虑固定搭配、语法规则（时态、主谓一致、非谓语等）确定合适单词，确保语句通顺、逻辑合理。
【解析】
1. 结合语境，各国就全球碳市场新规则达成协议，固定搭配agree on表示“就……达成协议”，此处用一般过去时，故填agreed；
2. 前文提到吃更少的饼干，可将剩下的卖给朋友，the rest表示“剩下的”，符合语境，故填rest；
3. 前文说明碳市场运作方式和卖饼干一致，后文转折说明涉及碳排放，用转折连词but，故填but；
4. 主语a business是第三人称单数，结合语境“产生更少的碳”，谓语动词用produces，故填produces；
5. 中国碳市场覆盖全国40%以上排放，此处用现在分词covering作伴随状语，故填covering；
6. 结合上下文，创建国际碳市场存在困难，international表示“国际的”，符合语境，故填international；
7. 富裕国家过去排放最多，现在应最努力，用副词最高级hardest，故填hardest；
8. 固定搭配deal with表示“处理”，符合“处理极端天气事件”的语境，故填deal；
9. 固定搭配make efforts表示“做出努力”，符合语境，故填efforts；
10. 结合语境，这些国家依赖他人做减少排放的事，instead表示“代替、反而”，符合逻辑，故填instead。
【答案】
agreed, rest, but, produces, covering, international, hardest, deal, efforts, instead
【知识点】
词汇运用、固定搭配、语篇理解
【点评】
本题为语篇型首字母填空题，围绕国际碳市场热点话题展开，考查学生的语篇逻辑理解、词汇积累及固定搭配运用能力，需结合上下文和语法规则准确填词。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅷ. 书面表达
6月5日是世界环境日,学校组织师生开展环境保护系列活动。假如你是李华,请你根据所给提示写一封邮件,向英国的笔友Billy介绍此次活动。
活动时间 6月5日下午
参加人员 全体师生
活动内容 旧物改造、圾分类、宣传绿色生活方式……(另举两例)
活动感受 ……
注意:1. 词数100左右,邮件的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;2. 邮件应包括所给内容要点,可适当发挥,以使文章连贯。
Dear Billy,
World Environment Day is coming.





Yours,
Li Hua

Ⅷ. One possible version:
Dear Billy,
World Environment Day is coming. Our school is planning to carry out environmental protection activities.
All the students and teachers in our school will take part in the activities on the afternoon of June 5th. There will be different kinds of activities. For example, we can try to make new things out of the old ones and learn to put garbage into different garbage bins. There will also be a speech about how to live a green life. After the speech, we will turn off the lights in our classrooms and walk to the park near our school to pick up the garbage.
I think all of us will be happy and learn a lot on that day. I am looking forward to the day.
Yours,
Li Hua
思路梳理 本次写作为给英国笔友 Billy 的邮件,介绍学校在世界环境日的环保活动,写作思路围绕邮件的书信语境,按“活动背景引入→核心信息介绍→活动感受分享”的逻辑展开,先承接开头,点明 6 月 5 日世界环境日学校组织了环保活动、全体师生下午参与,再依次介绍旧物改造、垃圾分类、宣传绿色生活方式等核心活动,补充 2 个贴合校园的环保活动让内容充实,最后表达参与活动的真实感受,全文用一般将来时描述活动,语言简洁,贴合笔友交流的轻松语气,兼顾所有提示要点,保证逻辑连贯、信息完整。

【分析】本题为英文书信写作题，要求给英国笔友Billy介绍学校在世界环境日的环保活动。需遵循书信格式，先承接开头点明活动背景，再依次说明活动的时间、参与人员，接着列举给定的活动内容并补充两例贴合校园的环保活动，最后表达活动感受，全程用一般将来时，语言要符合笔友交流的轻松语气，确保涵盖所有要点且逻辑连贯。
【解析】1. 承接开头，点明学校将于6月5日下午组织全体师生开展环保活动；2. 介绍活动内容：先写旧物改造、垃圾分类，再补充宣传绿色生活的具体形式（如绿色生活演讲），另举两例（如关闭教室灯光、前往学校附近公园捡垃圾）；3. 最后表达对活动的期待与感受，语言简洁，符合书信语境，词数控制在100左右。
【答案】Dear Billy,
World Environment Day is coming. Our school is planning to carry out environmental protection activities.
All the students and teachers in our school will take part in the activities on the afternoon of June 5th. There will be different kinds of activities. For example, we can try to make new things out of the old ones and learn to put garbage into different garbage bins. There will also be a speech about how to live a green life. After the speech, we will turn off the lights in our classrooms and walk to the park near our school to pick up the garbage.
I think all of us will be happy and learn a lot on that day. I am looking forward to the day.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】英语书信写作、环境保护话题、一般将来时
【点评】该作文紧扣题目要求，完整覆盖所有给定要点，补充内容合理贴合主题，语言流畅自然，符合笔友间交流的语气，时态运用准确，结构清晰完整。
【难度系数】0.6