Ⅰ. 将space与方框中的单词组合，并用其完成句子。
walk suit telescope
station craft
1. Do you know how an astronaut prepares for a outside the spacecraft?
2. How much does a heavy for a space mission usually cost?
3. What kind of experiments do astronauts do on a ?
4. Which helped scientists take the first picture of a black hole?
5. What training is needed to operate a ?

Ⅰ. 1. spacewalk 2. spacesuit 3. space station 4. space telescope 5. spacecraft

【分析】本题要求将“space”与方框内的单词（walk、suit、telescope、station、craft）组合成复合词，再根据每个句子的语境选择恰当的复合词填空。解题时需先读懂每个句子的含义，再匹配对应的复合词，确保语义通顺合理。
【解析】1. 句意为“你知道宇航员如何为航天器外的______做准备吗？”，“space”与“walk”组合成“spacewalk”（太空行走），符合语境；2. 句意为“太空任务中重的______通常花费多少？”，“space”与“suit”组合成“spacesuit”（宇航服），符合；3. 句意为“宇航员在______上做什么实验？”，“space”与“station”组合成“space station”（空间站），正确；4. 句意为“哪个______帮助科学家拍到首张黑洞照片？”，“space”与“telescope”组合成“space telescope”（太空望远镜），符合；5. 句意为“操作______需要什么训练？”，“space”与“craft”组合成“spacecraft”（航天器），正确。
【答案】1. spacewalk 2. spacesuit 3. space station 4. space telescope 5. spacecraft
【知识点】复合词构成、词汇运用
【点评】本题考查space与其他名词构成的复合词的词义及语境运用，属于基础词汇题，难度较低，只要掌握相关复合词的含义并结合句子语境即可解答。
【难度系数】0.4

Ⅱ. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The shopping mall was so (crowd) that we could hardly move forward.
2. The result was beyond our wildest (expect).
3. I hope a space station will be (build) on the moon soon.
4. New technologies can be (develop) in space.
5. The machine is difficult ______ (operate) for beginners.
6. According to online (survey), reading is still one of the most popular hobbies.

Ⅱ. 1. crowded 2. expectation 3. built 4. developed 5. to operate 6. surveys

【分析】
本题考查用所给单词的适当形式填空，需结合句子结构、语法规则、固定搭配逐一分析：
1. so后需接形容词作表语修饰shopping mall，需将名词crowd转换为形容词；
2. 介词beyond后需接名词作宾语，需将动词expect转换为名词；
3. 句子为一般将来时被动语态，结构为will be+过去分词，需用build的过去分词；
4. 句子为含情态动词的被动语态，结构为can be+过去分词，需用develop的过去分词；
5. 固定结构“be + 形容词 + to do sth”要求用不定式；
6. survey是可数名词，此处泛指“在线调查”，需用复数形式。
【解析】
1. 固定句型so + 形容词 + that...中，so后接形容词，crowd的形容词为crowded，故填crowded；
2. 固定短语beyond one's expectation意为“超出某人的预期”，expect的名词形式为expectation，故填expectation；
3. 主语space station与build是被动关系，一般将来时被动语态结构为will be+过去分词，build的过去分词是built，故填built；
4. 主语technologies与develop是被动关系，含情态动词的被动语态结构为can be+过去分词，develop的过去分词是developed，故填developed；
5. 固定结构“sth is + 形容词 + to do”中，用不定式作状语，故填to operate；
6. survey是可数名词，此处表泛指，需用复数形式surveys，故填surveys。
【答案】
1. crowded 2. expectation 3. built 4. developed 5. to operate 6. surveys
【知识点】
词性转换、被动语态、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为基础词汇运用题，考查单词词性转换、被动语态结构、固定短语及搭配、名词单复数，是初中英语常见题型，侧重基础知识点的掌握。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅲ. 用方框中所给的短语完成对话。
on board fall asleep in space
rocket launch in case in time
Lily: Are you excited about the 1. this weekend?
Tom: Definitely! I'll arrive at the site early 2. the traffic is heavy.
Lily: I'll watch it at home. I think working 3. is amazing but too challenging.
Tom: Exactly! But I wonder how astronauts 4. in such a small space.
Lily: Me too. Do you think space travel will be accessible to ordinary people 5. ?
Tom: I believe so! I've always dreamed of being 6. a spaceship and seeing Earth from space.
Lily: That sounds cool, but I'd probably be too nervous!

Ⅲ. 1. rocket launch 2. in case 3. in space 4. fall asleep 5. in time 6. on board

【分析】
首先明确方框内各短语的含义：on board（在飞船/交通工具上）、fall asleep（入睡）、in space（在太空）、rocket launch（火箭发射）、in case（以防，万一）、in time（及时）。再结合每个空格的上下文语境，匹配对应短语：1空对应周末的活动，选火箭发射；2空对应早到以防交通拥堵，选in case；3空对应在太空工作，选in space；4空对应宇航员在小空间入睡，选fall asleep；5空对应太空旅行普通人能否及时实现，选in time；6空对应在飞船上，选on board。
【解析】
1. 空格前有定冠词the，结合语境“周末的活动”，方框内“rocket launch（火箭发射）”符合，故填rocket launch；
2. 空格后是从句“the traffic is heavy”，表示早到的目的是防止交通拥堵，“in case（以防，万一）”引导目的状语从句，符合语境，故填in case；
3. 空格前是“working”，结合语境“在太空工作”，“in space（在太空）”符合，故填in space；
4. 空格前是“astronauts”，结合语境“在小空间如何入睡”，“fall asleep（入睡）”符合，故填fall asleep；
5. 空格前是“space travel will be accessible to ordinary people”，结合语境“普通人能否及时实现太空旅行”，“in time（及时）”符合，故填in time；
6. 空格后是“a spaceship”，表示在飞船上，“on board（在……上）”符合，故填on board。
【答案】
1. rocket launch 2. in case 3. in space 4. fall asleep 5. in time 6. on board
【知识点】
短语词义辨析；语境填词
【点评】
本题为短语填空题型，考查方框内短语的词义理解及语境运用，需结合上下文逻辑匹配合适短语，属于基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.4

Ⅳ. 阅读短文，回答问题。
Have you ever dreamed of going to space? Wang Jie made it! His space dream started in 2003. He was a student at that time. His teacher wrote on the blackboard that Yang Liwei had returned to Earth. This was a big moment because it was China's first manned space mission. From
that day on, Wang began to dream of going to space.
To follow his dream, Wang first went to Shenyang Aerospace University to study aircraft manufacturing engineering（飞机制造工程）. Then he went to study further at Beihang University. After finishing his studies, he worked at the China Academy of Space Technology. He helped build and improve spacecraft there. In 2020, he became an astronaut. He trained very hard, but he never gave up. He always stayed up late to practise and wanted to be the best.
Now, Wang is on his big trip! On Shenzhou-20, he has important jobs. He needs to keep the space station working. Also, he studies things like how to live in space and how people and machines can work best together.
“I’m so happy to help China explore space. It’s a dream come true for me. I hope young people can follow their dreams and try their best too!” Wang said.
1. When did Wang Jie’s space dream start?

2. Which university did Wang Jie first go to?

3. What did Wang Jie have to do when he became an astronaut?

4. Which spacecraft is Wang Jie’s big trip on?

5. What did Wang Jie hope young people would do?

Ⅳ. 1. In 2003./It started in 2003.
2. Shenyang Aerospace University./He first went to Shenyang Aerospace University.
3. He had to train very hard. 4. On Shenzhou-20.
5. He hoped young people could follow their dreams and try their best.

【分析】本题为英语阅读理解的细节信息查找题，解题时需先通读短文，根据每个问题的关键词定位原文对应内容，再提取匹配的答案即可。每个问题的答案都能在原文中找到明确表述，无需额外推理，只需精准定位关键信息。
【解析】1. 问题关键词为“space dream start”，定位原文第一段“His space dream started in 2003.”，故答案为In 2003./It started in 2003.；2. 问题关键词为“first university”，定位原文第二段“Wang first went to Shenyang Aerospace University”，故答案为Shenyang Aerospace University./He first went to Shenyang Aerospace University.；3. 问题关键词为“became an astronaut”，定位原文第二段“In 2020, he became an astronaut. He trained very hard”，故答案为He had to train very hard.；4. 问题关键词为“spacecraft”，定位原文第三段“On Shenzhou-20, he has important jobs.”，故答案为On Shenzhou-20.；5. 问题关键词为“hope young people”，定位原文最后一段“I hope young people can follow their dreams and try their best too!”，故答案为He hoped young people could follow their dreams and try their best.
【答案】1. In 2003./It started in 2003.
2. Shenyang Aerospace University./He first went to Shenyang Aerospace University.
3. He had to train very hard.
4. On Shenzhou-20.
5. He hoped young people could follow their dreams and try their best.
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节信息提取
【点评】本题属于基础英语阅读理解题，侧重考查学生快速定位原文关键信息的能力，答案均来自原文直接表述，题目难度低，学生只要仔细阅读短文即可正确作答。
【难度系数】0.8