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✅教材回顾
根据教材 Understanding ideas 部分的内容及所给提示，填入适当的内容补全短文（每空一词）
When plastic was invented around 1870, it was considered an amazing material. It was light, easy to shape, long-lasting and 1.
Now plastic fills our lives: bags, bottles, phones, cars... 2.
Getting free of plastic waste isn't easy. It may take thousands of years to 8.
Finally, plastic is not just causing an environmental problem. It is a matter of life and death for humans and the planet. We should try to go plastic-free.
根据教材 Understanding ideas 部分的内容及所给提示，填入适当的内容补全短文（每空一词）
When plastic was invented around 1870, it was considered an amazing material. It was light, easy to shape, long-lasting and 1.
cheap
（便宜的）.Now plastic fills our lives: bags, bottles, phones, cars... 2.
you
name
it
（凡是你说得出的，应有尽有）. It is certainly convenient and has 3. thousands
of
（成千上万的）uses, but it has a dark side. Plastic waste was first seen in oceans in the 1960s. 4. Since
then
（自从那时起）, it has become a danger to sea animals. Some animals, such as whales, eat it 5. by
mistake
（错误地；无意地）and die. Plastic is also causing problems on land. 6. On
average
（平均来说）, we eat five grams of plastic weekly. On “Planet Plastic”, nowhere is 7. free
（不含……的）from this man-made material.Getting free of plastic waste isn't easy. It may take thousands of years to 8.
break
down
（分解）. Therefore, burying or burning it doesn't solve the problem.Finally, plastic is not just causing an environmental problem. It is a matter of life and death for humans and the planet. We should try to go plastic-free.
答案
1. cheap
2. you name it
3. thousands of
4. Since then
5. by mistake
6. On average
7. free
8. break down
2. you name it
3. thousands of
4. Since then
5. by mistake
6. On average
7. free
8. break down
解析
【分析】
本题为教材内容回顾的填词题，要求每空一词，需结合中文提示和句子语境填写正确的英语表达。解题时，先根据每个空的中文提示，回忆对应的英语单词或固定短语，再结合句子的语法结构（如形容词、固定搭配）确认形式，确保符合语境和要求。
【解析】
1. 中文提示为“便宜的”，需填形容词，故填cheap；
2. 中文提示“凡是你说得出的，应有尽有”对应固定短语you name it；
3. “成千上万的”固定短语为thousands of；
4. “自从那时起”对应Since then，用于现在完成时语境；
5. “错误地；无意地”固定短语为by mistake；
6. “平均来说”对应On average，是常用介词短语；
7. 中文提示“不含……的”结合短语be free from，故填free；
8. “分解”对应固定短语break down，符合语境。
【答案】
1. cheap；2. you name it；3. thousands of；4. Since then；5. by mistake；6. On average；7. free；8. break down
【知识点】
英语固定短语、形容词用法
【点评】
本题为教材基础巩固题，紧扣教材核心内容，考查常用词汇和固定表达，难度较低，适合学生夯实基础。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为教材内容回顾的填词题，要求每空一词，需结合中文提示和句子语境填写正确的英语表达。解题时，先根据每个空的中文提示，回忆对应的英语单词或固定短语，再结合句子的语法结构（如形容词、固定搭配）确认形式，确保符合语境和要求。
【解析】
1. 中文提示为“便宜的”，需填形容词，故填cheap；
2. 中文提示“凡是你说得出的，应有尽有”对应固定短语you name it；
3. “成千上万的”固定短语为thousands of；
4. “自从那时起”对应Since then，用于现在完成时语境；
5. “错误地；无意地”固定短语为by mistake；
6. “平均来说”对应On average，是常用介词短语；
7. 中文提示“不含……的”结合短语be free from，故填free；
8. “分解”对应固定短语break down，符合语境。
【答案】
1. cheap；2. you name it；3. thousands of；4. Since then；5. by mistake；6. On average；7. free；8. break down
【知识点】
英语固定短语、形容词用法
【点评】
本题为教材基础巩固题，紧扣教材核心内容，考查常用词汇和固定表达，难度较低，适合学生夯实基础。
【难度系数】
0.7
阅读理解 塑料
素养:思维品质 难度:中 用时:7分钟
[2025 唐山一模改编]Plastic is a man-made material made from oil. It's long-lasting and found almost everywhere. From the paint on the walls to the keyboard we use, plastic is a big part of our everyday lives. It is truly a wonder material that has made lives easier.
However, plastic also causes some problems. First, plastic is made from fossil fuels (化石燃料), and its production gives out greenhouse gases. These gases keep heat in the air, causing the Earth's temperature to rise. Another problem is that plastic takes hundreds of years to break down. Around 400 million tons of plastic waste are produced worldwide each year. Plastic bags create rubbish that is dangerous to wildlife, as animals sometimes mistake plastic for food. Every year, thousands of animals die because of this.
So, how can we solve the problem? Many organizations are working to clean up plastic waste, especially in oceans and rivers where plastic pollution is the worst. But everyone can also do their part. For example, we can use reusable bags when shopping and avoid ordering takeout with lots of plastic materials. We can refill our water bottles rather than buy new ones. We can also keep our phones longer instead of always buying new ones. Remember, even small actions can make a big difference.
Let's make more changes to reduce plastic waste. If everyone helps, we can save our planet.
1. What is plastic made from?
A. Cotton. B. Wood. C. Oil. D. Waste.
2. What problem does plastic bring?
A. It produces harmful food.
B. It does harm to some animals.
C. It makes the air become cold.
D. It causes people to waste money.
3. What can we do to reduce plastic pollution?
A. Avoid unhealthy food production.
B. Change new phones every year.
C. Set up animal protection organizations.
D. Take reusable bags when shopping.
4. How does the writer feel about reducing plastic waste?
A. Excited. B. Confident.
C. Doubtful. D. Disappointed.
素养:思维品质 难度:中 用时:7分钟
[2025 唐山一模改编]Plastic is a man-made material made from oil. It's long-lasting and found almost everywhere. From the paint on the walls to the keyboard we use, plastic is a big part of our everyday lives. It is truly a wonder material that has made lives easier.
However, plastic also causes some problems. First, plastic is made from fossil fuels (化石燃料), and its production gives out greenhouse gases. These gases keep heat in the air, causing the Earth's temperature to rise. Another problem is that plastic takes hundreds of years to break down. Around 400 million tons of plastic waste are produced worldwide each year. Plastic bags create rubbish that is dangerous to wildlife, as animals sometimes mistake plastic for food. Every year, thousands of animals die because of this.
So, how can we solve the problem? Many organizations are working to clean up plastic waste, especially in oceans and rivers where plastic pollution is the worst. But everyone can also do their part. For example, we can use reusable bags when shopping and avoid ordering takeout with lots of plastic materials. We can refill our water bottles rather than buy new ones. We can also keep our phones longer instead of always buying new ones. Remember, even small actions can make a big difference.
Let's make more changes to reduce plastic waste. If everyone helps, we can save our planet.
1. What is plastic made from?
A. Cotton. B. Wood. C. Oil. D. Waste.
2. What problem does plastic bring?
A. It produces harmful food.
B. It does harm to some animals.
C. It makes the air become cold.
D. It causes people to waste money.
3. What can we do to reduce plastic pollution?
A. Avoid unhealthy food production.
B. Change new phones every year.
C. Set up animal protection organizations.
D. Take reusable bags when shopping.
4. How does the writer feel about reducing plastic waste?
A. Excited. B. Confident.
C. Doubtful. D. Disappointed.
答案
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了塑料的来源及其带来的危害,并呼吁人们要减少塑料垃圾。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Plastic is a man-made material made from oil”可知,塑料是由石油制成的。故选 C。
2. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Plastic bags create rubbish that is dangerous to wildlife, as animals sometimes mistake plastic for food. Every year, thousands of animals die because of this”可知,塑料对一些动物有害。故选 B。
指代的是动物错把塑料当作食物这种情况
3. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For example, we can use reusable bags when shopping and avoid ordering takeout with
意为“可重复使用的”,前缀re-意为“再,重新”
lots of plastic materials”可知,购物时带上可重复使用的袋子可以减少塑料污染。故选 D。
4. B 观点态度题。
解题图式
Step 1 找描述性词汇
第三段中的“make a big difference”和最后一段中的“save our planet”都带有积极的感情色彩,再结合最后一段内容“Let's make more changes to reduce plastic waste. If everyone helps, we can save our planet”可知,作者对减少塑料垃圾是有信心的。
Step 2 分析选项
A. Excited. →兴奋的(肯定)
B. Confident. →有信心的(肯定)
C. Doubtful. →怀疑的(否定)
D. Disappointed. →失望的(否定)
Step 3 定答案
故选 B。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Plastic is a man-made material made from oil”可知,塑料是由石油制成的。故选 C。
2. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Plastic bags create rubbish that is dangerous to wildlife, as animals sometimes mistake plastic for food. Every year, thousands of animals die because of this”可知,塑料对一些动物有害。故选 B。
指代的是动物错把塑料当作食物这种情况
3. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For example, we can use reusable bags when shopping and avoid ordering takeout with
意为“可重复使用的”,前缀re-意为“再,重新”
lots of plastic materials”可知,购物时带上可重复使用的袋子可以减少塑料污染。故选 D。
4. B 观点态度题。
解题图式
Step 1 找描述性词汇
第三段中的“make a big difference”和最后一段中的“save our planet”都带有积极的感情色彩,再结合最后一段内容“Let's make more changes to reduce plastic waste. If everyone helps, we can save our planet”可知,作者对减少塑料垃圾是有信心的。
Step 2 分析选项
A. Excited. →兴奋的(肯定)
B. Confident. →有信心的(肯定)
C. Doubtful. →怀疑的(否定)
D. Disappointed. →失望的(否定)
Step 3 定答案
故选 B。
解析
【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，共4道小题，涉及细节理解和观点态度两类题型。解题时，细节理解题需先根据题干关键词定位原文对应语句，再将选项与原文内容比对，选出匹配项；观点态度题需定位原文中体现作者情感倾向的词汇或句子，分析选项的感情色彩，排除不符合的选项后确定答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词“plastic made from”定位第一段“Plastic is a man-made material made from oil”，可知塑料由石油制成，对应选项C，故选C。
2. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词“problem plastic brings”定位第二段“Plastic bags create rubbish that is dangerous to wildlife...thousands of animals die because of this”，可知塑料对野生动物有害，对应选项B，故选B。
3. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词“reduce plastic pollution”定位第三段“For example, we can use reusable bags when shopping”，可知购物时用可重复使用的袋子可减少塑料污染，对应选项D，故选D。
4. 观点态度题：定位原文第三段“make a big difference”和最后一段“save our planet”，均为积极表述，结合最后一段呼吁大家行动的内容，可知作者对减少塑料垃圾有信心，对应选项B，故选B。
【答案】1.C 2.B 3.D 4.B
【知识点】英语阅读理解细节理解题、英语阅读理解观点态度题
【点评】本文围绕塑料的来源、危害及解决措施展开，题型涵盖细节理解和观点态度，考查学生快速定位原文信息、分析作者情感的能力，难度适中，有助于提升学生的英语阅读解题技巧。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词“plastic made from”定位第一段“Plastic is a man-made material made from oil”，可知塑料由石油制成，对应选项C，故选C。
2. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词“problem plastic brings”定位第二段“Plastic bags create rubbish that is dangerous to wildlife...thousands of animals die because of this”，可知塑料对野生动物有害，对应选项B，故选B。
3. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词“reduce plastic pollution”定位第三段“For example, we can use reusable bags when shopping”，可知购物时用可重复使用的袋子可减少塑料污染，对应选项D，故选D。
4. 观点态度题：定位原文第三段“make a big difference”和最后一段“save our planet”，均为积极表述，结合最后一段呼吁大家行动的内容，可知作者对减少塑料垃圾有信心，对应选项B，故选B。
【答案】1.C 2.B 3.D 4.B
【知识点】英语阅读理解细节理解题、英语阅读理解观点态度题
【点评】本文围绕塑料的来源、危害及解决措施展开，题型涵盖细节理解和观点态度，考查学生快速定位原文信息、分析作者情感的能力，难度适中，有助于提升学生的英语阅读解题技巧。
【难度系数】0.6
