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Ⅳ.阅读填空
「2026 广东广州天河汇景实验学校等四校期中」
阅读短文及文后 A~E 选项,选出可以填入13~17各题空白处的最佳选项。
Isaac Newton was a great English scientist. He is most famous for his work on gravity (地球引力), but his ideas also changes science and mathematics forever.
In 1687, Newton finished a very important book.
Besides gravity, Newton also studied light.
Newton was a quiet man who enjoyed working alone.
There is no doubt that Newton's work is still very important.
A. He found that white light is made up of different colors.
B. He went to the University of Cambridge and studied there for many years.
C. However, he also had other interest.
D. His ideas are used in many modern technologies.
E. In this book, he explained his rules of motion and gravity.
13.
「2026 广东广州天河汇景实验学校等四校期中」
阅读短文及文后 A~E 选项,选出可以填入13~17各题空白处的最佳选项。
Isaac Newton was a great English scientist. He is most famous for his work on gravity (地球引力), but his ideas also changes science and mathematics forever.
B
13 It was during this quiet time that he began to think about his most important ideas, including gravity. It's said that a falling apple gave him the idea about gravity, but it was his deep thinking and hard work that truly led to his success.In 1687, Newton finished a very important book.
E
14 For example, his three rules of motion (运动) help us understand how and why things move. Students still learn these rules in science class today.Besides gravity, Newton also studied light.
A
15 He used a piece of glass called a prism (棱镜) to show that sunlight, which looks white, is actually made up of all the colors of the rainbow.Newton was a quiet man who enjoyed working alone.
C
16 He was also interested in other subjects like chemistry, and later in his life, he even worked for the government.There is no doubt that Newton's work is still very important.
D
17 From planning satellite trips to building safe cars and bridges, his ideas are still used everywhere.A. He found that white light is made up of different colors.
B. He went to the University of Cambridge and studied there for many years.
C. However, he also had other interest.
D. His ideas are used in many modern technologies.
E. In this book, he explained his rules of motion and gravity.
13.
B
14. E
15. A
16. C
17. D
答案
13.B 根据后文“It was during this quiet time that he began to think about his most important ideas, including gravity.”可知,此处应介绍牛顿的某段经历。选项B“他进入剑桥大学并在那里学习了很多年”符合语境。故选B。
14.E 根据前文“In 1687, Newton finished a very important book.”可知,此处应介绍这本书的内容。选项E“在这本书中,他解释了他的运动和引力定律”符合语境。故选E。
15.A 根据前文“Besides gravity, Newton also studied light.”可知,此处应介绍他在光学方面的发现。选项A“他发现白光由不同颜色组成”符合语境。故选A。
16.C 根据后文“He was also interested in other subjects like chemistry”可知,此处应说明他还有其他兴趣。选项C“然而,他也有其他兴趣”符合语境。故选C。
17.D 根据后文“From planning satellite trips to building safe cars and bridges, his ideas are still used everywhere.”可知,此处应说明他的思想在现代的应用。选项D“他的思想被用于许多现代技术”符合语境。故选D。
14.E 根据前文“In 1687, Newton finished a very important book.”可知,此处应介绍这本书的内容。选项E“在这本书中,他解释了他的运动和引力定律”符合语境。故选E。
15.A 根据前文“Besides gravity, Newton also studied light.”可知,此处应介绍他在光学方面的发现。选项A“他发现白光由不同颜色组成”符合语境。故选A。
16.C 根据后文“He was also interested in other subjects like chemistry”可知,此处应说明他还有其他兴趣。选项C“然而,他也有其他兴趣”符合语境。故选C。
17.D 根据后文“From planning satellite trips to building safe cars and bridges, his ideas are still used everywhere.”可知,此处应说明他的思想在现代的应用。选项D“他的思想被用于许多现代技术”符合语境。故选D。
解析
【分析】
这是一道阅读填空题，解题思路为：先通读全文把握文章主旨（介绍牛顿的经历与成就），再逐个分析空白处的上下文语境，寻找与选项内容匹配的逻辑衔接点：13题后提到“quiet time”，对应牛顿的学习经历；14题前提到完成重要书籍，对应书籍内容；15题前提到研究光，对应光学发现；16题后提到其他兴趣，对应有其他兴趣；17题后提到现代应用，对应现代技术使用，据此匹配选项。
【解析】
13. 根据后文“It was during this quiet time that he began to think about his most important ideas”，空白处需介绍牛顿的一段经历，选项B“他进入剑桥大学并在那里学习了很多年”符合语境，故选B。
14. 根据前文“In 1687, Newton finished a very important book”，空白处需介绍这本书的内容，选项E“在这本书中，他解释了他的运动和引力定律”符合语境，故选E。
15. 根据前文“Besides gravity, Newton also studied light”，空白处需介绍他在光学方面的发现，选项A“他发现白光由不同颜色组成”符合语境，故选A。
16. 根据后文“He was also interested in other subjects like chemistry”，空白处需说明他有其他兴趣，选项C“然而，他也有其他兴趣”符合语境，故选C。
17. 根据后文“his ideas are still used everywhere”，空白处需说明他的思想在现代的应用，选项D“他的思想被用于许多现代技术”符合语境，故选D。
【答案】
13.B 14.E 15.A 16.C 17.D
【知识点】
阅读理解、语篇逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题考查语篇衔接类阅读填空，需结合上下文语境匹配选项，难度适中，侧重考查学生对语篇逻辑的理解能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一道阅读填空题，解题思路为：先通读全文把握文章主旨（介绍牛顿的经历与成就），再逐个分析空白处的上下文语境，寻找与选项内容匹配的逻辑衔接点：13题后提到“quiet time”，对应牛顿的学习经历；14题前提到完成重要书籍，对应书籍内容；15题前提到研究光，对应光学发现；16题后提到其他兴趣，对应有其他兴趣；17题后提到现代应用，对应现代技术使用，据此匹配选项。
【解析】
13. 根据后文“It was during this quiet time that he began to think about his most important ideas”，空白处需介绍牛顿的一段经历，选项B“他进入剑桥大学并在那里学习了很多年”符合语境，故选B。
14. 根据前文“In 1687, Newton finished a very important book”，空白处需介绍这本书的内容，选项E“在这本书中，他解释了他的运动和引力定律”符合语境，故选E。
15. 根据前文“Besides gravity, Newton also studied light”，空白处需介绍他在光学方面的发现，选项A“他发现白光由不同颜色组成”符合语境，故选A。
16. 根据后文“He was also interested in other subjects like chemistry”，空白处需说明他有其他兴趣，选项C“然而，他也有其他兴趣”符合语境，故选C。
17. 根据后文“his ideas are still used everywhere”，空白处需说明他的思想在现代的应用，选项D“他的思想被用于许多现代技术”符合语境，故选D。
【答案】
13.B 14.E 15.A 16.C 17.D
【知识点】
阅读理解、语篇逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题考查语篇衔接类阅读填空，需结合上下文语境匹配选项，难度适中，侧重考查学生对语篇逻辑的理解能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
Ⅴ.语法填空
文化知识张大千「2026广东深圳一模」
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhang Daqian was born on May 10, 1899, in Neijiang, Sichuan. He was one of the most famous Chinese 18 (artist) of the 20th century.
At a young age, he 19 (encourage) by his family to paint. In 1917, he went to Japan 20 (learn) art. Two years later, he went to Shanghai to receive 21 (tradition) painting instruction from famous Chinese painters. 22 the help of them, Zhang had the chance to study ancient painting.
Zhang knew Pu Xinyu, a northern artist, in the 1920s. He 23 (begin) to work with Pu. Zhang and Pu were so well-known 24 they were honored as "South Zhang and North Pu". It showed their high status (地位) in painting.
In 1941, Zhang Daqian went to the Mogao Caves and Yulin Caves. He and his group worked hard day and night there. 25 (final), they finished about 280 paintings. After this experience, his painting skills were much 26 (good) than before. One of his paintings, created in 1968, was sold at 27 very good price in 2021.
18. 19. 20. 21. 22.
23. 24. 25. 26. 27.
文化知识张大千「2026广东深圳一模」
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhang Daqian was born on May 10, 1899, in Neijiang, Sichuan. He was one of the most famous Chinese 18 (artist) of the 20th century.
At a young age, he 19 (encourage) by his family to paint. In 1917, he went to Japan 20 (learn) art. Two years later, he went to Shanghai to receive 21 (tradition) painting instruction from famous Chinese painters. 22 the help of them, Zhang had the chance to study ancient painting.
Zhang knew Pu Xinyu, a northern artist, in the 1920s. He 23 (begin) to work with Pu. Zhang and Pu were so well-known 24 they were honored as "South Zhang and North Pu". It showed their high status (地位) in painting.
In 1941, Zhang Daqian went to the Mogao Caves and Yulin Caves. He and his group worked hard day and night there. 25 (final), they finished about 280 paintings. After this experience, his painting skills were much 26 (good) than before. One of his paintings, created in 1968, was sold at 27 very good price in 2021.
18. 19. 20. 21. 22.
23. 24. 25. 26. 27.
答案
18.artists 根据“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”可知,设空处应填可数名词复数形式。故填artists。
19.was encouraged 根据语境可知,他被鼓励画画,应用被动语态;根据At a young age可知,时态是一般过去时;主语是he。故填was encouraged。
20.to learn 他去日本是为了学艺术,应用不定式表目的。故填to learn。
21.traditional 设空处后的painting instruction是名词词组,设空处应用形容词修饰名词词组。故填traditional。
22.With 此处表示“在他们的帮助下”,应用with the help of...结构,且句首单词的首字母大写。故填With。
23.began 此处描述过去发生的事,时态用一般过去时。故填began。
24.that 此处表示“他们如此知名,以至于被誉为‘南张北溥’”,此处是“so+形容词+that从句”结构,意为“如此……以至于……”。
25.Finally 此处修饰整个句子,意为“终于”,应用副词finally;句首单词首字母大写。故填Finally。
26.better 根据much...than before可知,此处应用形容词的比较级。故填better。
27.a at a price/prices是固定用法,空后的very以辅音音素开头,设空处应填不定冠词a。
19.was encouraged 根据语境可知,他被鼓励画画,应用被动语态;根据At a young age可知,时态是一般过去时;主语是he。故填was encouraged。
20.to learn 他去日本是为了学艺术,应用不定式表目的。故填to learn。
21.traditional 设空处后的painting instruction是名词词组,设空处应用形容词修饰名词词组。故填traditional。
22.With 此处表示“在他们的帮助下”,应用with the help of...结构,且句首单词的首字母大写。故填With。
23.began 此处描述过去发生的事,时态用一般过去时。故填began。
24.that 此处表示“他们如此知名,以至于被誉为‘南张北溥’”,此处是“so+形容词+that从句”结构,意为“如此……以至于……”。
25.Finally 此处修饰整个句子,意为“终于”,应用副词finally;句首单词首字母大写。故填Finally。
26.better 根据much...than before可知,此处应用形容词的比较级。故填better。
27.a at a price/prices是固定用法,空后的very以辅音音素开头,设空处应填不定冠词a。
解析
【分析】
这是一道语法填空题，需结合句子结构、语境、语法规则（如名词数、时态语态、非谓语动词、固定句型等），逐一分析每个空白处的需求，确定单词的正确形式。解题时，先判断每个空在句中的成分，再结合上下文逻辑、时间标志词、固定搭配等推导答案，例如看到“one of”对应名词复数结构，看到过去时间状语对应一般过去时，表目的用不定式等。
【解析】
18. 考查“one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”结构，意为“……之一”，故填artists；
19. 主语he与动词encourage是被动关系，结合时间状语“At a young age”（过去时间），应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语是he，故填was encouraged；
20. 此处表“去日本的目的是学艺术”，应用不定式作目的状语，故填to learn；
21. 设空处修饰名词词组painting instruction，需用形容词，故填traditional；
22. 固定搭配“with the help of”意为“在……的帮助下”，句首单词首字母大写，故填With；
23. 此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，begin的过去式是began，故填began；
24. 考查“so + 形容词 + that从句”结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，故填that；
25. 此处修饰整个句子，应用副词，final的副词形式是finally，句首首字母大写，故填Finally；
26. 由“much”和“than before”可知，此处应用形容词比较级，good的比较级是better，故填better；
27. 固定搭配“at a price”意为“以……价格”，very以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。
【答案】
artists, was encouraged, to learn, traditional, With, began, that, Finally, better, a
【知识点】
名词复数；动词时态与语态；固定句型与搭配
【点评】
本题以文化名人张大千的生平为语境，考查语法填空核心考点，涵盖名词、动词、形容词、冠词等基础语法及固定句型、搭配的运用，难度适中，能有效检测学生的语法基础掌握情况。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一道语法填空题，需结合句子结构、语境、语法规则（如名词数、时态语态、非谓语动词、固定句型等），逐一分析每个空白处的需求，确定单词的正确形式。解题时，先判断每个空在句中的成分，再结合上下文逻辑、时间标志词、固定搭配等推导答案，例如看到“one of”对应名词复数结构，看到过去时间状语对应一般过去时，表目的用不定式等。
【解析】
18. 考查“one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”结构，意为“……之一”，故填artists；
19. 主语he与动词encourage是被动关系，结合时间状语“At a young age”（过去时间），应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语是he，故填was encouraged；
20. 此处表“去日本的目的是学艺术”，应用不定式作目的状语，故填to learn；
21. 设空处修饰名词词组painting instruction，需用形容词，故填traditional；
22. 固定搭配“with the help of”意为“在……的帮助下”，句首单词首字母大写，故填With；
23. 此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，begin的过去式是began，故填began；
24. 考查“so + 形容词 + that从句”结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，故填that；
25. 此处修饰整个句子，应用副词，final的副词形式是finally，句首首字母大写，故填Finally；
26. 由“much”和“than before”可知，此处应用形容词比较级，good的比较级是better，故填better；
27. 固定搭配“at a price”意为“以……价格”，very以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。
【答案】
artists, was encouraged, to learn, traditional, With, began, that, Finally, better, a
【知识点】
名词复数；动词时态与语态；固定句型与搭配
【点评】
本题以文化名人张大千的生平为语境，考查语法填空核心考点，涵盖名词、动词、形容词、冠词等基础语法及固定句型、搭配的运用，难度适中，能有效检测学生的语法基础掌握情况。
【难度系数】
0.6
