11. 核心素养运算能力「★★」阅读下面例题的解题过程,体会、理解其方法,并借鉴该例题的解法解方程.
例:解方程$x^2 - |x| - 2 = 0$.
解:当$x ≥ 0$时,原方程化为$x^2 - x - 2 = 0$.
解得$x = 2$或$x = -1$.
$\because x ≥ 0, \therefore x = -1$舍去, $\therefore x = 2$是原方程的解.
当$x < 0$时,原方程化为$x^2 + x - 2 = 0$.
解得$x = -2$或$x = 1$.
$\because x < 0, \therefore x = 1$舍去, $\therefore x = -2$是原方程的解.
综上所述,原方程的解为$x_1 = 2, x_2 = -2$.
解方程:$x^2 + 2|x + 2| - 4 = 0$.
例:解方程$x^2 - |x| - 2 = 0$.
解:当$x ≥ 0$时,原方程化为$x^2 - x - 2 = 0$.
解得$x = 2$或$x = -1$.
$\because x ≥ 0, \therefore x = -1$舍去, $\therefore x = 2$是原方程的解.
当$x < 0$时,原方程化为$x^2 + x - 2 = 0$.
解得$x = -2$或$x = 1$.
$\because x < 0, \therefore x = 1$舍去, $\therefore x = -2$是原方程的解.
综上所述,原方程的解为$x_1 = 2, x_2 = -2$.
解方程:$x^2 + 2|x + 2| - 4 = 0$.
答案
当$x+2\ge0$,即$x\ge-2$时,原方程化为$x^2+2x=0$,即$x(x+2)=0$,解得$x=0$或$x=-2$.
当$x+2<0$,即$x<-2$时,原方程化为$x^2-2x-8=0$,即$(x-4)(x+2)=0$,解得$x=4$(不合题意,舍去)或$x=-2$(不合题意,舍去).
综上,原方程的解为$x_1=0$,$x_2=-2$.
当$x+2<0$,即$x<-2$时,原方程化为$x^2-2x-8=0$,即$(x-4)(x+2)=0$,解得$x=4$(不合题意,舍去)或$x=-2$(不合题意,舍去).
综上,原方程的解为$x_1=0$,$x_2=-2$.
登录