登录
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
Have you looked at your new history book recently? If you open it to the page about the Ming Dynasty, you might see a big surprise. There is a picture of the famous Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang. But wait! He looks very different from before. In the past, students saw a strange picture of him. In that old picture, his face was very long, and his chin（下巴） looked like a shoehorn. Many students remembered him because of this funny face.
However, the new textbooks are different. Now, the Emperor, a handsome man, looks very serious and calm. This isn’t a mistake. This is actually the “real” picture of the Emperor from the Palace Museum.
So, why did we have two different pictures? The answer is an interesting story about power. Long ago, people believed that dragons were strong and powerful. They thought that a “dragon face” was special. A dragon face has a high forehead and a very long chin.
The Emperor’s son, Zhu Di, wanted everyone to respect his father’s power. So, the “strange” picture was created. Artists painted the Emperor with a dragon face to make him look strong and powerful. It was a made-up story to help the family rule the country.
But today, historians want to show us the truth. They changed the picture in the textbook to show what Zhu Yuanzhang really looked like. It is great to see the real man behind the stories. History is not just a collection of stories; it invites us to seek a clearer picture of the past.
1. What does the underlined word “shoehorn” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A. A kind of food.
B. A small animal.
C. A part of the face.
D. A tool for putting on shoes.
2. What can we learn from the new history textbooks?
A. Zhu Yuanzhang was a handsome and calm man.
B. Zhu Yuanzhang had a long face and a long chin.
C. The “dragon face” is the real look of Zhu Yuanzhang.
D. Artists made up stories about Zhu Yuanzhang’s look.
3. 语言能力 推断能力 What can we infer from the last sentence?
A. Pictures are the most important part of history.
B. We need to look carefully to understand the past.
C. Folk tales are always more believable than textbooks.
D. It’s our job to correct the mistakes in history textbooks.
4. 语言能力 归纳能力 What is the main idea of the passage?
A. How historians changed the pictures in history textbooks.
B. The difference between the old and new history textbooks.
C. The story behind two different pictures of Zhu Yuanzhang.
D. Why people believed dragons were strong in ancient times.
Have you looked at your new history book recently? If you open it to the page about the Ming Dynasty, you might see a big surprise. There is a picture of the famous Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang. But wait! He looks very different from before. In the past, students saw a strange picture of him. In that old picture, his face was very long, and his chin（下巴） looked like a shoehorn. Many students remembered him because of this funny face.
However, the new textbooks are different. Now, the Emperor, a handsome man, looks very serious and calm. This isn’t a mistake. This is actually the “real” picture of the Emperor from the Palace Museum.
So, why did we have two different pictures? The answer is an interesting story about power. Long ago, people believed that dragons were strong and powerful. They thought that a “dragon face” was special. A dragon face has a high forehead and a very long chin.
The Emperor’s son, Zhu Di, wanted everyone to respect his father’s power. So, the “strange” picture was created. Artists painted the Emperor with a dragon face to make him look strong and powerful. It was a made-up story to help the family rule the country.
But today, historians want to show us the truth. They changed the picture in the textbook to show what Zhu Yuanzhang really looked like. It is great to see the real man behind the stories. History is not just a collection of stories; it invites us to seek a clearer picture of the past.
1. What does the underlined word “shoehorn” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A. A kind of food.
B. A small animal.
C. A part of the face.
D. A tool for putting on shoes.
2. What can we learn from the new history textbooks?
A. Zhu Yuanzhang was a handsome and calm man.
B. Zhu Yuanzhang had a long face and a long chin.
C. The “dragon face” is the real look of Zhu Yuanzhang.
D. Artists made up stories about Zhu Yuanzhang’s look.
3. 语言能力 推断能力 What can we infer from the last sentence?
A. Pictures are the most important part of history.
B. We need to look carefully to understand the past.
C. Folk tales are always more believable than textbooks.
D. It’s our job to correct the mistakes in history textbooks.
4. 语言能力 归纳能力 What is the main idea of the passage?
A. How historians changed the pictures in history textbooks.
B. The difference between the old and new history textbooks.
C. The story behind two different pictures of Zhu Yuanzhang.
D. Why people believed dragons were strong in ancient times.
答案
1.D 2.A 3.B 4.C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍朱元璋两种不同的画像,揭示了画像变化背后的历史原因,而现代历史学家则试图还原历史真相。
1. D 解析:词义猜测题。根据第一段“In that old picture, his face was very long”和第三段“A dragon face has a high forehead and a very long chin.”可知朱元璋的旧画像有长脸和长下巴,“shoehorn”为复合词,和鞋有关。故选 D。
2. A 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段“Now, the Emperor, a handsome man, looks very serious and calm.”可知新教材中,朱元璋看起来英俊、严肃且冷静。故选 A。
3. B 解析:推理判断题。根据最后一句“History is not just a collection of stories; it invites us to seek a clearer picture of the past.”可知历史不只是故事的集合,它需要我们探寻更清晰的过去,即需要认真探寻才能了解过去。故选 B。
4. C 解析:主旨大意题。结合文章内容可知,本文通过介绍朱元璋两种不同的画像,揭示了画像变化背后的历史原因,文章主要围绕“两幅画像的差异及其原因”展开。故选 C。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍朱元璋两种不同的画像,揭示了画像变化背后的历史原因,而现代历史学家则试图还原历史真相。
1. D 解析:词义猜测题。根据第一段“In that old picture, his face was very long”和第三段“A dragon face has a high forehead and a very long chin.”可知朱元璋的旧画像有长脸和长下巴,“shoehorn”为复合词,和鞋有关。故选 D。
2. A 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段“Now, the Emperor, a handsome man, looks very serious and calm.”可知新教材中,朱元璋看起来英俊、严肃且冷静。故选 A。
3. B 解析:推理判断题。根据最后一句“History is not just a collection of stories; it invites us to seek a clearer picture of the past.”可知历史不只是故事的集合,它需要我们探寻更清晰的过去,即需要认真探寻才能了解过去。故选 B。
4. C 解析:主旨大意题。结合文章内容可知,本文通过介绍朱元璋两种不同的画像,揭示了画像变化背后的历史原因,文章主要围绕“两幅画像的差异及其原因”展开。故选 C。
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，共4道小题，分别考查词义猜测、细节理解、推理判断和主旨归纳能力。解题时需结合上下文语境分析词义，定位原文关键信息解答细节题，根据文章内容合理推断，梳理核心内容确定主旨：第1题需结合旧画像描述及选项推测shoehorn含义；第2题定位新教材中朱元璋画像的描述匹配选项；第3题理解最后一句深层含义对应选项；第4题梳理文章围绕的核心内容确定主旨。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：根据第一段旧画像中“his chin looked like a shoehorn”，结合第三段“dragon face has a very long chin”，可知旧画像下巴像鞋类工具，shoehorn意为“鞋拔子”，故选D；
2. 细节理解题：根据第二段“Now, the Emperor, a handsome man, looks very serious and calm.”，可知新教材中朱元璋英俊、严肃且冷静，故选A；
3. 推理判断题：最后一句“History is not just a collection of stories; it invites us to seek a clearer picture of the past.”意为历史需要我们探寻更清晰的过去，即要认真探寻才能了解过去，对应选项B；
4. 主旨大意题：文章围绕朱元璋新旧两幅画像的差异，揭示背后的历史原因，核心是两幅画像的故事，故选C；
【答案】
1.D 2.A 3.B 4.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本文通过朱元璋新旧画像的对比，展现了历史背后的故事，考查学生不同的阅读能力，引导学生理解历史的真实性，是一篇典型的英语阅读理解题，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题为英语阅读理解题，共4道小题，分别考查词义猜测、细节理解、推理判断和主旨归纳能力。解题时需结合上下文语境分析词义，定位原文关键信息解答细节题，根据文章内容合理推断，梳理核心内容确定主旨：第1题需结合旧画像描述及选项推测shoehorn含义；第2题定位新教材中朱元璋画像的描述匹配选项；第3题理解最后一句深层含义对应选项；第4题梳理文章围绕的核心内容确定主旨。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：根据第一段旧画像中“his chin looked like a shoehorn”，结合第三段“dragon face has a very long chin”，可知旧画像下巴像鞋类工具，shoehorn意为“鞋拔子”，故选D；
2. 细节理解题：根据第二段“Now, the Emperor, a handsome man, looks very serious and calm.”，可知新教材中朱元璋英俊、严肃且冷静，故选A；
3. 推理判断题：最后一句“History is not just a collection of stories; it invites us to seek a clearer picture of the past.”意为历史需要我们探寻更清晰的过去，即要认真探寻才能了解过去，对应选项B；
4. 主旨大意题：文章围绕朱元璋新旧两幅画像的差异，揭示背后的历史原因，核心是两幅画像的故事，故选C；
【答案】
1.D 2.A 3.B 4.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本文通过朱元璋新旧画像的对比，展现了历史背后的故事，考查学生不同的阅读能力，引导学生理解历史的真实性，是一篇典型的英语阅读理解题，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
