(八)
Antarctica is one of the coldest places in the world. There is a penguin called Andy. The only thing he does all day is to swim in the cold water. He doesn't like his life because it is boring for him. He wants to go out and see the world outside Antarctica. He tells it to his mother. But his mother doesn't allow(允许) him to go out.
But Andy leaves Antarctica. At first, he is so happy because the water is still cold and everything outside Antarctica is different and beautiful. But he doesn't know his mother is following him. As he swims far away, he finds that the water is warmer and warmer. And he feels tired. He has to stop his trip. He is afraid and doesn't know what to do.
At that time, he sees his mother, "I should listen to you, Mum." His mother says, "It's OK. I am sure you won't leave Antarctica anymore."
At last, Andy swims back to Antarctica with his mother.
()1. Why does Andy leave Antarctica?
A. Because it's too cold in Antarctica.
B. Because he has no friends in Antarctica.
C. Because his mother asks him to go out of Antarctica.
D. Because he wants to go out and see the world outside Antarctica.
()2. What does Andy always do before leaving?
A. He sleeps.
B. He talks with his mum.
C. He sings in the water.
D. He swims in the cold water.
()3. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Andy thinks his life is boring.
B. Andy's mother is following him.
C. Andy leaves Antarctica with his mother at last.
D. Andy stops his trip at last.
()4. Where can we see this passage?
A. In a newspaper.
B. In a storybook.
C. In a book about swimming.
D. In a geography book.

1.D 2.D 3.C 4.B

【分析】做此类英语阅读理解选择题时，需先通读全文把握文章主旨，再针对每个小题的问题，定位原文对应语句，逐一比对选项，排除与原文不符的表述，从而选出正确答案。
【解析】1. 第1题：根据原文第一段“He wants to go out and see the world outside Antarctica.”可知，Andy离开南极洲是想出去看外面的世界，对应选项D；A选项“太冷”、B选项“没有朋友”、C选项“妈妈让他出去”均与原文不符，故选D。
2. 第2题：根据原文第一段“The only thing he does all day is to swim in the cold water.”可知，Andy离开前整天都在冷水中游泳，对应选项D；A、B、C选项内容原文未提及，故选D。
3. 第3题：A选项对应原文“He doesn't like his life because it is boring”，正确；B选项对应原文“But he doesn't know his mother is following him”，正确；C选项原文是“At last, Andy swims back to Antarctica with his mother”，并非“离开南极洲时和妈妈一起”，错误；D选项对应原文“He has to stop his trip”，正确，故选C。
4. 第4题：本文是关于企鹅Andy的趣味小故事，这类内容通常出现在故事书中，对应选项B；A选项报纸、C选项游泳书、D选项地理书均不符合文章体裁，故选B。
【答案】1.D 2.D 3.C 4.B
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】本文为英语趣味小故事，题目以基础细节考查为主，学生只需精准定位原文信息即可作答，难度较低，适合低年级学生巩固阅读能力。
【难度系数】0.8

(九)
Brain(脑) health is very important. It can help to make your brain work better and to stay away from some brain problems, such as strokes(中风).
Our reporter Judy is speaking to a professor of psychiatry about brain health.
Professor: We must eat healthily. One of the best ways for the brain to get energy is from wholegrain food, like bread and rice. They can keep the brain working hard for longer.
Judy: Is fat important? What kind of fat should we eat?
Professor: The brain needs fat to work well. Fatty acids(酸) are healthy fats found in fish and nuts. Fat from food like biscuits is not good for the brain. It stops the brain using the fatty acids perfectly.
Judy: People talk about berries a lot. Are they a kind of "super food"?
Professor: Yes, berries are very good for the brain. Blueberries, strawberries and blackberries are full of something called antioxidants. They help the brain to stay healthy.
Judy: What about sleep?
Professor: Sleep is so important. It is difficult for your brain to work well if you haven't had enough sleep. Too much sleep is also bad. It can make you feel tired.
Judy: Is exercise good for our brain?
Professor: Yes, exercise is good. It makes the blood move to the brain more easily and quickly.
()1. How many aspects(方面) does the professor talk about to keep the brain healthy?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Five. D. Six.
()2. Which of the following food is bad for our brain according to the professor?
A. Fish. B. Bread. C. Biscuits. D. Strawberries.
()3. The underlined word "antioxidants" may be .
A. a kind of fruit B. a useful thing for our brain
C. the name of a medicine D. an important part of our body
()4. The writer wrote this passage to .
A. show different ideas about food safety B. teach people how to get energy for our brain
C. ask people to learn more about brain problems D. get people to know how to help our brain keep fit

1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D

【分析】
这是一篇关于脑健康的访谈类阅读理解，需结合原文细节和主旨逐一分析题目：
1. 第1题需统计教授提到的保持脑健康的方面，定位教授发言可找到健康饮食、睡眠、运动三个核心方面；
2. 第2题是细节理解题，需定位对大脑有害的食物；
3. 第3题是词义猜测题，需结合上下文推断划线词含义；
4. 第4题是主旨大意题，需归纳文章核心目的。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位教授关于脑健康的建议，分别为：①健康饮食（如全谷物食物、健康脂肪）；②睡眠（需适量，避免不足或过多）；③运动（促进血液流向大脑），共3个方面，故选B。
2. 第2题：根据教授的回答“Fat from food like biscuits is not good for the brain”，明确饼干对大脑有害，故选C。
3. 第3题：由原文“Blueberries, strawberries and blackberries are full of something called antioxidants. They help the brain to stay healthy”可知，antioxidants是对大脑有益的物质，故选B。
4. 第4题：文章通过记者与精神病学教授的访谈，介绍了保持脑健康的多种方法，核心目的是让人们了解如何让大脑保持健康，故选D。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意）
【点评】
本题为访谈类英语阅读理解，考查学生对原文细节信息的定位能力、词义猜测能力及主旨归纳能力，整体难度适中，需学生仔细阅读原文，找准对应信息即可解答。
【难度系数】
0.6