一、完形填空 “垃圾”艺术家
素养:语言能力 难度:中 用时:7分钟
[2025 合肥包河区一模改编] Who do you think are the heroes in our lives? Maybe doctors, policemen, firemen and so on. 1 them, I think the people who clean up our rubbish are also great heroes. Thanks to them, our planet is not 2 covered with rubbish.
My name is Thomas Dambo. I’m a “rubbish artist” and work with these heroes. My 3 is to create beauty out of rubbish. By doing this, I want to show people that rubbish is not all 4 and smelly. We can recycle and use it to 5 something beautiful and valuable.
About two months ago, I started a project called “The Future Forest”. More than 700 students, 100 volunteers and many landfill (垃圾填埋场) workers joined the 6. Together we collected three tons of 7 waste. Then, we turned it into a colourful plastic forest in Mexico City.
This 500-square-metre forest is 8 of thousands of plastic flowers, trees and animals. Children can come to my workshop to make new plants and animals for the forest on their own. In this way, the forest will keep 9. “The Future Forest” is now on exhibition. People can 10 it for the next few months.
There are many possibilities hidden in the rubbish. Let’s learn to recycle it better and build a brighter future for the world!
1. A. Without B. Besides C. Above D. Under
2. A. proudly B. actively C. completely D. specially
3. A. reply B. award C. job D. prize
4. A. tiny B. cheap C. fresh D. ugly
5. A. create B. touch C. greet D. draw
6. A. drama B. project C. journey D. survey
7. A. plastic B. glass C. cloth D. paper
8. A. sure B. aware C. full D. short
9. A. falling B. growing
C. disappearing D. leaving
10. A. invent B. doubt C. guard D. visit

【解题导语】 本文介绍了“垃圾”艺术家 Thomas Dambo,他将垃圾变成美丽的艺术品,并创建了“未来森林”项目,呼吁人们回收垃圾,共创美好的未来。
词汇积累
(1)clean up 清扫;扫除
(2)be covered with 被……覆盖
(3)turn sth into sth 使某物变成某物
(4)on one's own 独立地
(5)in this way 以这种方式
1 B 设空前提到了“doctors, policemen, firemen and so on”,设空后又提到了“the people who clean up our rubbish are also great heroes”,由此可知,此处是说,除了医生、警察、消防员等,还有清洁工,他们都是我们生活中的英雄。此处应用Besides“除了……还”。
2 C 此处是说,多亏了他们,我们的星球才没有完全被垃圾覆盖。proudly“骄傲地”;actively“积极地”;completely“完全地”;specially“特别地”。根据语境可知此处应用 completely。
3 C 根据设空前的“rubbish artist”以及设空后的“to create beauty out of rubbish”可知,此处在介绍工作内容,故用 job。
4 D 根据设空前的“rubbish”以及设空后的“smelly”可知,此处为形容垃圾的负面词,故选 D。
5 A 根据上文中的“create beauty out of rubbish”可知,此处指我们可以回收利用垃圾,创造美丽而有价值的东西,故用 create。
6 B 根据上文中的“I started a project called ‘The Future Forest’”可知,此处指 700 多名学生、100 名志愿者和垃圾填埋场的许多工作人员加入了该项目,故用 project。
解题通法
瞻前顾后,利用复现信息解题
词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现等。完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇,因此,在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义或反义、相互照应等现象。所以,解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索,如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词等。本题中的 project 是典型的原词复现。
7 A 根据下文中的“Then, we turned it into a colourful plastic forest in Mexico City”可知,此处指我们一起收集了三吨塑料垃圾,故所缺的词是 plastic。
8 C 上文提到,Thomas Dambo 和其他人一起收集了三吨塑料垃圾,然后将这些垃圾变成了一个多彩的塑料森林,故此处是说,这片 500 平方米的森林里充满了成千上万的塑料花、树和动物。be full of 意为“充满”,符合语境。
9 B 上文提到,孩子们可以来 Thomas Dambo 的工作间自己动手制作森林里的新植物和动物。由此可知,通过这样的方式,森林会不断生长,故用 growing。
10 D 根据设空前的“‘The Future Forest’ is now on exhibition”可知,该项目目前在参展,因此人们可以在接下来的几个月里进行参观,故用 visit。

【分析】
做完形填空需遵循“先通览全文，把握主旨；再逐题分析，结合线索”的思路：首先通读全文，明确本文围绕“垃圾艺术家将垃圾转化为艺术品，呼吁环保”展开；接着逐题分析，结合上下文语境、词汇复现、固定搭配等解题：如第1题需结合前后“英雄”的范围，判断是“除了…还”的关系；第2题结合“多亏清洁工”的语境，选表“完全”的词；其余题目同理，通过上下文线索锁定答案。
【解析】
1. 选B。前文提到英雄是医生、警察等，后文补充清洁工也是英雄，此处表“除了…还”，用Besides。
2. 选C。句意为“多亏他们，我们的星球才没有完全被垃圾覆盖”，completely表“完全地”，符合语境。
3. 选C。根据“垃圾艺术家”和“用垃圾创造美”，可知此处指“工作”，用job。
4. 选D。与“smelly（臭的）”并列，形容垃圾的负面词，ugly（丑陋的）符合。
5. 选A。结合前文“create beauty out of rubbish”，此处指“创造美丽有价值的东西”，用create。
6. 选B。前文提到“启动项目‘未来森林’”，此处指加入该项目，project是原词复现。
7. 选A。后文提到“变成彩色塑料森林”，可知收集的是塑料垃圾，plastic符合。
8. 选C。be full of是固定搭配，表“充满”，此处指森林里充满塑料花、树等。
9. 选B。孩子们制作新的动植物，森林会不断“生长”，用growing。
10. 选D。前文提到“项目在展览”，人们可以“参观”，用visit。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.D
【知识点】
完形填空解题技巧、词汇辨析、语境理解
【点评】
本文以“垃圾艺术家”为主题，传递环保理念，是贴近生活的完形填空，主要考查学生对上下文语境的理解和词汇运用能力，需结合语篇线索解题，难度中等。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、阅读理解 为冰川“盖被”
素养:思维品质 难度:中 用时:8分钟
Glaciers are melting（融化） quickly because the earth is getting warmer. China is now using smart ideas to slow down glacier melting.
One idea is to use special covers made of a strong material. At Dagu Glacier in Sichuan, scientists put these covers on a 500-square-meter area. They kept the glacier from getting too hot from the sun, reducing melting by about 34% from August 2020 to October 2021.
Another test used very thin, high-tech covers on Glacier No. 1 in Xinjiang. They worked best in summer and reduced melting by up to 70% during the hottest months.
Scientists also make man-made snow to help glaciers stay cooler and melt more slowly. In April and May 2023, this was done in the Bailanghe Glacier area in the Qilian Mountains. Rockets were sent to make snow and the glacier grew 5.9% bigger.
Besides these methods, watching and checking glaciers carefully is also important. Drones and satellites（无人机和卫星） are now used for this purpose.
Facts about glaciers
What is a glacier?
· Ice must be bigger than 10 soccer fields (0.1 km²) to be called a glacier. Smaller ice can't move.
Two kinds of glaciers:
· Continental glaciers: Cover huge areas.
· Mountain glaciers: Form on high mountains and move down slowly.
Icebergs = Broken glacier pieces
· When glaciers break, big ice pieces fall into water and stay on top.
▲
· Glacier ice absorbs(吸收) red light from the sun and reflects(反射) blue light.
1. The word "covers" in the second paragraph refers to "".
A. clothes for animals
B. things to block the sunlight
C. tools to watch glaciers
D. machines for snow
2. When were rockets sent to make snow in the Bailanghe Glacier area?
A. In 2020.
B. In 2021.
C. In 2022.
D. In 2023.
3. ▶新考法·信息还原题 Which sentence can be put in "▲"?
A. How do glaciers move?
B. Why is glacier ice blue?
C. Two colors of glacier ice.
D. Glaciers can change colors.
4. Why did the writer write this text?
A. To describe what glaciers are.
B. To explain why glaciers are melting.
C. To introduce China's ways to protect glaciers.
D. To describe different beautiful glaciers in China.

【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了中国科学家使用巧妙创意来减缓冰川融化的速度,包括使用特殊材料覆盖冰川、人工造雪以及通过无人机和卫星监测等方法。
1 B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“One idea is to use special covers made of a strong material”和“They kept the glacier from getting too hot from the sun, reducing melting by about 34% from August 2020 to October 2021”可知,covers 是用来防止太阳直射冰川从而减少融化的。因此,covers 指的是 things to block the sunlight(阻挡阳光的东西)。故选 B。
2 D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In April and May 2023, this was done in the Bailanghe Glacier area in the Qilian Mountains”可知,科学家是在 2023 年使用火箭制造人工雪的。故选 D。
3 B 信息还原题。根据填空处的线索“Glacier ice absorbs(吸收) red light from the sun and reflects(反射) blue light”可推知,此处是关于冰川冰为何呈现蓝色的科学解释。故选 B。
4 C 写作意图题。文章主要介绍了中国科学家使用巧妙创意来减缓冰川融化的速度,包括使用特殊材料覆盖冰川、人工造雪以及通过无人机和卫星监测等方法,故选 C。

【分析】
本篇为英语阅读理解题，包含词义猜测、细节理解、信息还原、主旨大意四类核心阅读题型。解题思路：1. 词义猜测题需定位目标词的上下文，分析其功能作用；2. 细节理解题需精准匹配题干关键词与原文对应信息；3. 信息还原题需结合填空处前后的逻辑关联，筛选匹配内容；4. 主旨大意题需梳理全文核心内容，判断作者写作意图。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：定位第二段，covers的作用是“kept the glacier from getting too hot from the sun”，即阻挡阳光以减少冰川融化，对应选项B（阻挡阳光的东西），故选B。
2. 细节理解题：题干关键词“rockets”“Bailanghe Glacier area”，定位第四段“In April and May 2023, this was done in the Bailanghe Glacier area”，可知时间为2023年，故选D。
3. 信息还原题：填空后内容为“Glacier ice absorbs red light and reflects blue light”，解释冰川冰呈蓝色的原因，对应选项B（为什么冰川冰是蓝色），故选B。
4. 主旨大意题：全文围绕中国减缓冰川融化的方法（覆盖冰川、人工造雪、监测等）展开，对应选项C（介绍中国保护冰川的方法），故选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C
【知识点】
词义猜测题、细节理解题、信息还原题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题为说明文阅读理解，考查英语阅读核心题型，需学生具备原文定位、逻辑分析能力，难度中等，符合初中英语阅读考查要求。
【难度系数】
0.6