三、信息还原
请认真阅读下面的短文,从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,其中有一项是多余的。
The Yangtze River is the longest river in China and the third longest river in the world. (1) It is about 6,300 kilometres long. It starts from the Tanggula Mountains and runs through regions including Qinghai, Xizang, Sichuan, Yunnan and so on. (2) During the long history of ancient China, this river helped feed millions of people and develop amazing cultures. The important cities such as Shanghai and Nanjing are sitting along the river.
(3) In the past, the water was dirty. A lot of fish died because of water pollution. Luckily, people realized the importance of protecting the Yangtze River. A programme was set up in 1989 to protect the water and land around the river. It was successful because it helped improve the environment. (4) It helps protect white-flag dolphins, one of the rarest animals in the world. The number of white-flag dolphins in China dropped because of the pollution in the Yangtze River.
(5) However, we still have a long way to go to protect the great river. Let's work together to help our Mother River.
A. So far, we've made some achievements.
B. Finally, it runs into the ocean in Shanghai.
C. The other programme is about animal protection.
D. However, the Yangtze River also faces some problems.
E. A great programme teaches children about endangered animals.
F. It is just after the Nile in Africa and the Amazon in South America.

1. F 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A

【分析】
本题为英语信息还原题，解题思路是先通读全文，明确文章围绕长江展开的介绍脉络（地位、流向、历史作用、面临问题、保护措施及成果），再分析每个空白处前后的语境逻辑，匹配对应选项。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文提到长江是中国最长、世界第三长河，F选项“它仅次于非洲的尼罗河和南美洲的亚马逊河”承接了“世界第三”的表述，符合语境，故选F。
2. 第2空：前文介绍长江的发源地和流经区域，B选项“最终在上海流入海洋”是长江的最终流向，承接上文的地理介绍，故选B。
3. 第3空：后文提到过去长江水污染、鱼类死亡等问题，D选项“然而长江也面临一些问题”引出下文的问题描述，故选D。
4. 第4空：前文提到保护长江的项目改善了环境，后文提到保护白鳍豚（珍稀动物），C选项“另一个项目是关于动物保护的”承接了项目相关的内容，故选C。
5. 第5空：后文提到保护长江还有很长的路要走，A选项“到目前为止我们已经取得了一些成就”与后文形成转折，符合语境，故选A。
【答案】
1.F 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.A
【知识点】
信息还原题、英语阅读理解、语境逻辑匹配
【点评】
本题考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑的理解能力，需梳理文章结构，抓住前后句的关联点，属于英语考试中常见的基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5

四、阅读与回答问题
Yeshe Dolkar still remembers the moment she saw snow leopards at Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve a year ago. On that cold snowy day, 15-year-old Yeshe Dolkar living in Nangqian County, Qinghai was heading down a mountaintop with her family.
Suddenly, they saw two snow leopards near the headwaters of the Lancang River. They have blue-green eyes and long tails. The fur is grey-white with black spots all over the body. “They look so cool!” said Yeshe Dolkar.
Since the mid-20th century, the area of snow, grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan has become smaller because of climate change and human activities. Many wild animals living in the area are in danger of extinction(灭绝). On August 19th, 2000, China set up Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve to better protect the area and the wildlife there.
2020 was the 20th anniversary of the set-up of the reserve. In these years, the population of wild animals has been rising. More than 70,000 Tibetan antelopes now live there. And more than 1,000 snow leopards can be found in the area.
Local people have improved their understanding about environmental protection and have tried hard to look after the environment in Sanjiangyuan over the years. They used to carry food with them in plastic bags and left the bags behind. But now things have changed. According to Palden Wangchuk, a 22-year-old young man, local people are regularly called on to pick up waste on the grasslands. “People would also take their food waste down the mountains. The grasslands have taken on a new look,” he said.
回答下面5个问题,每题答案不超过5个词。
1. What was the weather like when Yeshe Dolkar saw snow leopards a year ago?

2. When did China set up Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve?

3. How does the writer show the change of the population of wild animals?

4. What are local people called on to do on the grasslands?

5. What does the writer mainly want to tell us through this passage?

1. Cold and snowy. 2. On August 19th, 2000. 3. By giving numbers. 4. Pick up waste. 5. A reserve and its changes.

【分析】解题时需根据每个问题的关键词，在原文中定位对应信息，再提取符合“不超过5个词”要求的关键内容：1. 问题关键词为weather，定位第一段找天气描述；2. 问题关键词为建立保护区的时间，定位第三段找日期；3. 问题关键词为展示野生动物数量变化的方式，定位第四段找说明方法；4. 问题关键词为当地人被号召做的事，定位第五段找动作；5. 问题关键词为文章主旨，需通读全文归纳核心内容。
【解析】1. 原文第一段提到“On that cold snowy day”，提取天气信息为Cold and snowy；2. 原文第三段明确写“On August 19th, 2000”是建立三江源保护区的时间；3. 原文第四段用“70,000 Tibetan antelopes”“1,000 snow leopards”等数字展示野生动物数量变化，故方式为By giving numbers；4. 原文第五段指出当地人被号召pick up waste；5. 全文围绕三江源国家自然保护区的建立及后续变化展开，主旨为A reserve and its changes。
【答案】1. Cold and snowy. 2. On August 19th, 2000. 3. By giving numbers. 4. Pick up waste. 5. A reserve and its changes.
【知识点】英语阅读、细节理解、主旨归纳
【点评】本题为初中英语阅读理解常规题型，考查学生快速定位原文信息、精准提取关键内容及归纳主旨的能力，题目要求答案简洁，难度适中，贴合日常练习需求。
【难度系数】0.7