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二、阅读理解
A(2024·南通启东期末)
Do you play with your phone before bedtime? You may want to read a book instead. According to a US study, looking at screens at night can cause(导致) us to sleep poorly.
In the evening, our bodies make melatonin(褪黑素). Melatonin helps us feel sleepy and relaxed. It is an important part of our sleep cycle(周期). Our electronic screens stop that cycle from working well.
Why? Phones, computers and TVs make blue light. Blue light stops our bodies from making melatonin. Even just a little bit of blue light can have an effect. Eight minutes of blue light can keep your brain “awake” for another hour, according to the study. Even if you fall asleep, you may have lots of dreams. Your brain won’t have a good rest.
It’s even worse if you play an exciting game before bedtime. Games make our hearts beat faster, so we have a harder time falling asleep. Then, when we fall asleep, we don’t get enough “deep sleep”, which results in poor health.
Use these tips to get a good night’s sleep:
Have a relaxing routine every night. Take a warm shower or read a book.
Sleep in a dark, quiet room that is not too warm or too cold.
Count sheep. It’s the oldest trick, and it can actually work!
Don’t eat a big meal or have caffeine(咖啡因). Instead, drink milk.
Don’t run around or exercise three hours before bedtime.
1. What can we learn about melatonin?
A. It stops our sleep cycle from going well.
B. It makes us feel hungry and tired.
C. Too much of it makes us sleep poorly.
D. It helps us have a good sleep at night.
2. How can we get a good night’s sleep?
A. We can do some reading and take a cold shower.
B. We can run around or exercise for hours.
C. We can sleep in a quiet room with little light.
D. We can eat a big dinner with milk.
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Playing games helps us go to sleep quickly.
B. Our hearts beat more slowly when we play games.
C. It’s important to feel sleepy and relaxed before sleep.
D. It’s good for us to play interesting games before bedtime.
4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How to carry out the study on sleep.
B. What makes people have lots of dreams.
C. Why people should have enough deep sleep.
D. How playing with phones causes poor sleep.
A(2024·南通启东期末)
Do you play with your phone before bedtime? You may want to read a book instead. According to a US study, looking at screens at night can cause(导致) us to sleep poorly.
In the evening, our bodies make melatonin(褪黑素). Melatonin helps us feel sleepy and relaxed. It is an important part of our sleep cycle(周期). Our electronic screens stop that cycle from working well.
Why? Phones, computers and TVs make blue light. Blue light stops our bodies from making melatonin. Even just a little bit of blue light can have an effect. Eight minutes of blue light can keep your brain “awake” for another hour, according to the study. Even if you fall asleep, you may have lots of dreams. Your brain won’t have a good rest.
It’s even worse if you play an exciting game before bedtime. Games make our hearts beat faster, so we have a harder time falling asleep. Then, when we fall asleep, we don’t get enough “deep sleep”, which results in poor health.
Use these tips to get a good night’s sleep:
Have a relaxing routine every night. Take a warm shower or read a book.
Sleep in a dark, quiet room that is not too warm or too cold.
Count sheep. It’s the oldest trick, and it can actually work!
Don’t eat a big meal or have caffeine(咖啡因). Instead, drink milk.
Don’t run around or exercise three hours before bedtime.
1. What can we learn about melatonin?
A. It stops our sleep cycle from going well.
B. It makes us feel hungry and tired.
C. Too much of it makes us sleep poorly.
D. It helps us have a good sleep at night.
2. How can we get a good night’s sleep?
A. We can do some reading and take a cold shower.
B. We can run around or exercise for hours.
C. We can sleep in a quiet room with little light.
D. We can eat a big dinner with milk.
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Playing games helps us go to sleep quickly.
B. Our hearts beat more slowly when we play games.
C. It’s important to feel sleepy and relaxed before sleep.
D. It’s good for us to play interesting games before bedtime.
4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How to carry out the study on sleep.
B. What makes people have lots of dreams.
C. Why people should have enough deep sleep.
D. How playing with phones causes poor sleep.
答案
【语篇导读】文章结合有关研究指出,电子屏幕的蓝光对睡眠有影响,随后就其原因进行了分析,并就如何保证良好的睡眠提出了几点建议。
1. D 提示:细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Melatonin helps us feel sleepy and relaxed.”可知,褪黑素帮助我们感到困倦和放松,有助于我们的睡眠。
2. C 提示:细节理解题。根据“Take a warm shower or read a book.”可知,选项 A 错误;根据“Don't run around or exercise three hours before bedtime.”可知,选项 B 错误;根据“Don't eat a big meal or have caffeine.”可知,选项 D 错误。选项 C 是原文中“Sleep in a dark, quiet room”的同义转述。
3. C 提示:细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Games make our hearts beat faster, so we have a harder time falling asleep.”可知,游戏使我们的心跳加快,所以我们很难入睡,因此选项 A、B、D 错误;根据褪黑素的作用和文中提供的建议可推知,睡觉之前感到困倦和放松很重要,C 项正确。
4. D 提示:主旨大意题。文章第一段开门见山,点明文章讨论的主题“晚上看电子屏幕对睡眠有影响”,随后就其原因进行了分析,由此可推知,文章主要讨论了玩手机如何导致睡眠不佳。
长难句分析
Even if you fall asleep, you may have lots of dreams.
译文:即使你睡着了,你也可能会做很多梦。
分析:本句是主从复合句。
主句:you may have lots of dreams。
让步状语从句:Even if you fall asleep。
1. D 提示:细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Melatonin helps us feel sleepy and relaxed.”可知,褪黑素帮助我们感到困倦和放松,有助于我们的睡眠。
2. C 提示:细节理解题。根据“Take a warm shower or read a book.”可知,选项 A 错误;根据“Don't run around or exercise three hours before bedtime.”可知,选项 B 错误;根据“Don't eat a big meal or have caffeine.”可知,选项 D 错误。选项 C 是原文中“Sleep in a dark, quiet room”的同义转述。
3. C 提示:细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Games make our hearts beat faster, so we have a harder time falling asleep.”可知,游戏使我们的心跳加快,所以我们很难入睡,因此选项 A、B、D 错误;根据褪黑素的作用和文中提供的建议可推知,睡觉之前感到困倦和放松很重要,C 项正确。
4. D 提示:主旨大意题。文章第一段开门见山,点明文章讨论的主题“晚上看电子屏幕对睡眠有影响”,随后就其原因进行了分析,由此可推知,文章主要讨论了玩手机如何导致睡眠不佳。
长难句分析
Even if you fall asleep, you may have lots of dreams.
译文:即使你睡着了,你也可能会做很多梦。
分析:本句是主从复合句。
主句:you may have lots of dreams。
让步状语从句:Even if you fall asleep。
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解题和主旨大意题。解题思路：1. 通读全文，把握文章核心内容（睡前使用电子设备影响睡眠的原因及改善睡眠的建议）；2. 针对每道题目，定位原文对应段落或语句，提取关键信息；3. 逐一比对选项与原文内容，排除表述错误或不符合原文的选项，确定正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第二段“Melatonin helps us feel sleepy and relaxed. It is an important part of our sleep cycle.”可知，褪黑素有助于我们感到困倦放松，是睡眠周期的重要部分，即帮助我们获得良好睡眠，故D正确；A选项是电子屏幕对睡眠周期的影响，B选项中“饥饿”与原文不符，C选项“太多褪黑素导致睡眠差”与原文相悖，排除A、B、C。
2. 细节理解题：根据改善睡眠的建议“Sleep in a dark, quiet room”可知，C选项“睡在光线少、安静的房间”符合原文；A选项中“冷水澡”应为“温水澡”，B选项“四处跑或锻炼”与建议相悖，D选项“吃大餐”与建议相悖，排除A、B、D。
3. 细节理解题：根据第四段“Games make our hearts beat faster, so we have a harder time falling asleep.”可知，游戏会使心跳加快、难以入睡，故A、B、D错误；结合褪黑素帮助睡眠的作用及改善睡眠的建议，可知睡前感到困倦放松很重要，C正确。
4. 主旨大意题：文章第一段点明核心（夜间看电子屏幕导致睡眠差），随后分析原因并给出建议，核心围绕“玩手机如何导致睡眠不佳”展开，故D正确；A选项“研究方法”未提及，B选项“多梦的原因”仅为部分内容，C选项“深度睡眠的重要性”非主旨，排除A、B、C。
【答案】
1.D 2.C 3.C 4.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本文结合生活实际，围绕睡前电子设备对睡眠的影响展开，题型以细节理解和主旨大意为主，考查学生快速定位原文信息、理解文章主旨的能力，内容贴近学生生活，易于理解。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解题和主旨大意题。解题思路：1. 通读全文，把握文章核心内容（睡前使用电子设备影响睡眠的原因及改善睡眠的建议）；2. 针对每道题目，定位原文对应段落或语句，提取关键信息；3. 逐一比对选项与原文内容，排除表述错误或不符合原文的选项，确定正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第二段“Melatonin helps us feel sleepy and relaxed. It is an important part of our sleep cycle.”可知，褪黑素有助于我们感到困倦放松，是睡眠周期的重要部分，即帮助我们获得良好睡眠，故D正确；A选项是电子屏幕对睡眠周期的影响，B选项中“饥饿”与原文不符，C选项“太多褪黑素导致睡眠差”与原文相悖，排除A、B、C。
2. 细节理解题：根据改善睡眠的建议“Sleep in a dark, quiet room”可知，C选项“睡在光线少、安静的房间”符合原文；A选项中“冷水澡”应为“温水澡”，B选项“四处跑或锻炼”与建议相悖，D选项“吃大餐”与建议相悖，排除A、B、D。
3. 细节理解题：根据第四段“Games make our hearts beat faster, so we have a harder time falling asleep.”可知，游戏会使心跳加快、难以入睡，故A、B、D错误；结合褪黑素帮助睡眠的作用及改善睡眠的建议，可知睡前感到困倦放松很重要，C正确。
4. 主旨大意题：文章第一段点明核心（夜间看电子屏幕导致睡眠差），随后分析原因并给出建议，核心围绕“玩手机如何导致睡眠不佳”展开，故D正确；A选项“研究方法”未提及，B选项“多梦的原因”仅为部分内容，C选项“深度睡眠的重要性”非主旨，排除A、B、C。
【答案】
1.D 2.C 3.C 4.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本文结合生活实际，围绕睡前电子设备对睡眠的影响展开，题型以细节理解和主旨大意为主，考查学生快速定位原文信息、理解文章主旨的能力，内容贴近学生生活，易于理解。
【难度系数】
0.7
