四、根据本单元所学构词法,用所给单词的适当形式补全短文
天星原创 Last month, our school held an art competition. Many talented students showed their works. Lucy, a young 1. (paint), drew a beautiful landscape. Her brother Tom, who wants to be a sculptor(雕塑家) in the future, made a clay model.
Mr Green, the 2. (organize) of the event, invited a famous 3. (art) from the city museum to be a judge. The 4. (visit) also voted for their favorite works.
In the end, the 5. (win) was Emma, a quiet girl. Her painting of a mountain 6. (climb) surprised everyone. She said, "A true 7. (explore) never stops learning!"

1 painter 2 organizer 3 artist
4 visitors 5 winner 6 climber
7 explorer

阅读理解 词根学习法
素养:学习能力 难度:难 用时:8分钟
A tree has roots(根). People have roots too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. It's the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar (不熟悉的) word and you will understand where it came from.
As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives(侦探) looking for information to unlock the unknown. Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge(判断) the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.
As you know, prefixes(前缀) and suffixes(后缀) can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key. Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective.
Let's look at one common root word used in English. "Alter" from the Latin word means "other". When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with "other". Examine the word "alternate". Can you find the Latin root in it?
- If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying.
- If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the other Saturday.
- If you have no alternative, you have no other choice.

Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your "rooting for words" skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work are always paid back.
1. What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The situation.
B. The crime scene.
C. A new and difficult word.
D. Everything that is known.
2. ▶新考法·创新性设问 If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is "alternating paying"?
A. They each pay half.
B. Jim pays every time.
C. They take turns paying.
D. Their parents pay for them.
3. ▶新考法·写作手法题 How does the author explain his ideas about root words?
A. By giving a fact.
B. By giving an example.
C. By telling a story.
D. By having a discussion.
4. ▶新考法·创新性设问 "Sen" from the Latin word means "old". Which word uses this Latin root?
A. My brother is my senior by two years.
B. He was ill so he was absent from school.
C. A criminal was sentenced to death by law.
D. Sixty students were present at the sports meeting.
5. ▶新考法·篇章结构题 Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
(①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, ...)

【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了与词根相关的一些内容。
长难句解读
Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first
thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word
is to judge the situation, to look at everything (that
is known) and see (if it helps us to understand what it means).
就像任何到达犯罪现场的好侦探一样,当遇到一个难的生词时,首先要做的事是判断语境,观察所有的已知信息,看是否能帮我们理解它的含义。
1 C 代词指代题。画线词是 it,根据上下文可知,当遇到一个难的生词时,首先要做的事是判断语境,观察所有的已知信息,看是否能帮我们理解那个难的生词的含义,it 指代的是 a new and difficult word,故答案为 C。
2 C 推理判断题。结合方框中的第一个例子可推断,alternating paying 的含义是“轮流付款”,故答案为 C。
3 B 写作手法题。根据第四段的描述可知,作者以举例的方式解释了自己对词根的看法,故答案为 B。
“关键提示”判手法
写作手法是指作者在写文章时所用的技巧和方法。英语文章常用的写作手法有:列数据、举例子、提问题、作比较等。在判断作者的写作手法时,应注意是否有明显的提示词,如 for example、like、such as 或 than 等。
4 A 推理判断题。A 项意为“我哥哥比我大两岁”,senior 意为“年长者”,其词根“sen”表示“old”,故答案为 A。
5 B 篇章结构题。通读全文可知,第一段引出了挖掘词的词根这一话题,第二段讲的是如何猜测生词的词义,第三段和第四段讲的是词根和派生词的关系,第五段是总结语,鼓励大家多利用词根来学习词汇。故本文的结构是 B 项。
解题通法
抓首尾,理中段,理清框架
篇章结构题是近两年出现的一种新的热门考查方式,该题型主要考查对文章篇章结构的把握。解题时需要分析每段的段落大意,然后确定各段之间的关系。第一段和最后一段通常是相呼应的。中间的段落有的是并列关系,有的是隶属关系。