C(2025·遂宁中考改编)
The Maori(毛利人) arrived in New Zealand from Polynesian
islands about a thousand years ago. They were the first people to
live in New Zealand.
In the late 18th century, Europeans(欧洲人) came to live in
New Zealand. At that time, the population of the Maori was
probably 250,000 in New Zealand. Over the next one hundred
years, wars and illness killed many Maori people. By the end of the
19th century, there were only about 40,000 Maori people left.
During this time, the Maori also lost much of their land to the
Europeans. Many of them were afraid that they might lose their
traditions(传统) and language too, but this did not happen.
Today the Maori population is increasing. There are about
500,000 Maori people in New Zealand. Most live like other New
Zealanders, but they are keeping the Maori language and tradition
alive. Now there are Maori radio and television stations. Many
schools teach in the Maori language. Nearly one half of Maori
language speakers are 25 years old or younger.
Maori culture is also alive. At the center of Maori culture is the
"marae". This is a special place for ceremonies and meetings.
Today the number of marae in New Zealand is increasing. Many of
the new marae are in the cities. Now people in the cities can meet
and learn about their Maori traditions.
Today most New Zealand cities have Maori festivals every year.
Among festival activities are competitions(比赛) in speaking,
dancing and singing. Children practice for months. Then all the
Maori in the area arrive to watch the competitions and see who
wins.
The Maori have gone through hard times. Today they live a
comfortable, modern life. They keep their cultural traditions alive
because they have passed and are passing them down to their
children.
()1. What happened to the Maori during the 19th century?
A. They lost their traditions.
B. They had more land.
C. They had a smaller population.
D. They left New Zealand.
()2. 中考新考法 细节多选 What do the Mario do to make their
traditions and language alive?
①Move to the center of New Zealand.
②Set up Maori radio and TV stations.
③Teach in the Maori language in many schools.
④Have competitions in speaking, dancing and singing.
A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④

()3. 中考新考法 推断代词指代 What does the underlined word
"them" in paragraph 6 refer to?
A. Hard times. B. Modern lives.
C. Cultural traditions. D. Their children.
()4. What can we learn about the Maori language?
A. Only old people speak Maori today.
B. English is as important as Maori at school.
C. Government prevents Maori from learning the Maori
language.
D. Young people play an important role in the Maori
language learning.

C 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了新西兰毛利人的历史和文化传承。
1. C [解析]细节理解题。根据“At that time, the population of the Maori was probably 250,000 in New Zealand. Over the next one hundred years, wars and illness killed many Maori people. By the end of the 19th century, there were only about 40,000 Maori people left.”可知，19世纪，战争和疾病导致毛利人口锐减。故选C。
2. D [解析]细节多选题。第三段提到“Maori radio and television stations”(对应②)和“Many schools teach in the Maori language.”(对应③)；第五段描述节日“Among festival activities are competitions(比赛) in speaking, dancing and singing.”(对应④)。“Move to the center of New Zealand.”在文中未提及，因此②③④正确。故选D。
3. C [解析]代词指代题。根据“They keep their cultural traditions alive because they have passed and are passing them down to their children.”可知，他们努力保留自己的文化传统，因为他们已经将其传承给自己的后代，现在也仍在传承。因此，画线词“them”指的是“毛利人的文化传统”。故选C。
4. D [解析]推理判断题。根据“Nearly one half of Maori language speakers are 25 years old or younger.”可知，在会说毛利语的人中，有近一半年龄在25岁或以下。由此可推知，年轻人在学习毛利语的过程中发挥着重要作用。故选D。

【分析】
本题为中考英语阅读理解题，围绕新西兰毛利人的历史与文化展开，包含细节理解、细节多选、代词指代、推理判断四类题型。解题思路：1. 先通读全文，把握文章主旨（毛利人的发展与文化传承）；2. 针对每道题，提取题干关键词，定位到原文对应段落；3. 对比原文信息与选项，排除错误选项，确定正确答案。例如第1题定位19世纪的人口变化，第2题定位延续传统的措施，第3题定位代词所在句的前文名词，第4题定位毛利语相关内容。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：题干问19世纪毛利人的变化。根据原文第二段：“At that time, the population of the Maori was probably 250,000 in New Zealand. Over the next one hundred years, wars and illness killed many Maori people. By the end of the 19th century, there were only about 40,000 Maori people left.”可知，19世纪毛利人口从约25万锐减到约4万，即人口变少。A选项“失去传统”与原文“this did not happen”不符；B选项“获得更多土地”与“lost much of their land”不符；D选项“离开新西兰”原文未提及，故选C。
2. 细节多选题：题干问毛利人延续传统和语言的措施。原文第三段提到“Maori radio and television stations”（对应②）、“Many schools teach in the Maori language”（对应③）；第五段提到节日活动有“competitions in speaking, dancing and singing”（对应④）；①“搬到新西兰中心”原文未提及，故②③④正确，选D。
3. 代词指代题：题干问“them”指代的内容。根据画线词所在句：“They keep their cultural traditions alive because they have passed and are passing them down to their children.”可知，他们保留文化传统，将“文化传统”传承给后代，故“them”指代“cultural traditions”，选C。
4. 推理判断题：题干问关于毛利语的信息。根据原文第三段：“Nearly one half of Maori language speakers are 25 years old or younger.”可知，近一半会说毛利语的人是25岁及以下，说明年轻人在毛利语学习中起重要作用。A选项“只有老人说”与原文不符；B选项“英语和毛利语在学校同等重要”原文未提；C选项“政府阻止学习”与原文“Many schools teach in the Maori language”不符，故选D。
【答案】
1.C 2.D 3.C 4.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解；细节理解；代词指代；推理判断
【点评】
本题为中考新考法的阅读理解题，涵盖细节多选、代词指代等题型，考查学生信息定位、逻辑推理及代词指代的分析能力，贴合中考命题趋势，难度适中，适合学生巩固阅读理解的基础题型解题方法。
【难度系数】
0.6