Passage 75
Food chains
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阅读量:156词 难度:★★★★☆ 建议用时:7分钟 正确率:/5
There are different kinds of plants and animals on Earth. They get their food in different ways. Food chains show us who eats what. Here are some examples of food chains.
A food chain in a forest may look like this:
Humans can also be part of a food chain. A food chain on a farm could look like this:

Food chains usually start with green plants. Because plants can change sunlight into energy(能量).
If a food chain is broken, there will be something bad. For example, humans may catch too many fish in a short time. Because of this, other animals, such as turtles, will be in danger. So, humans should make sure our activities don't harm the ecosystem(生态系统).
Is a longer food chain better? No, it isn't. A healthy ecosystem is more like a complex(复杂的)"food web(网)". A long food chain is like a thin stick. If one part breaks, the whole chain falls apart. But a complex food web is like a strong fishing net. Even if some parts are broken, the net can still work.
思维新题
任务一:根据文章内容,选择正确答案。
()1. The writer explains(解释)"food chains" by .
A. telling stories
B. asking questions
C. giving examples
()2. What should be put in" " in the food chain on the farm? 考点 推理判断
A. the chicken
B. trees
C. sunlight
()3. What can we know from the passage?
A. A food chain in a garden usually starts with an animal.
B. Catching a lot of sea animals quickly is good for other animals.
C. Grass can change sunlight into energy.
()4. The writer mainly wants to in the third paragraph. 考点 主旨大意
A. stop people from catching turtles
B. ask people to keep the balance(平衡) of the ecosystem
C. tell us how many animals there are in danger
任务二:根据文章内容,在更加健康的生态系统前打钩。
□A. □B.

任务一:
1. C 【细节理解】由文章中的"Here are some examples of food chains."及后文给出的森林和农场食物链的例子可知,作者通过举例解释食物链。
2. A 【推理判断】农场食物链图示空缺处位于虫子之后。根据常识和食物链逻辑,虫子常被鸡食用,鸡也会被人类食用。
3. C 【细节理解】由文章中的"Because plants can change sunlight into energy."可知,植物能将阳光转化为能量。草是植物,可以将阳光转化为能量。
4. B 【主旨大意】通读第三段内容可知,第三段呼吁人们保持生态系统的平衡。
任务二:
A 【细节理解】由文章中的"A long food chain is like a thin stick. If one part breaks, the whole chain falls apart. But a complex food web is like a strong fishing net. Even if some parts are broken, the net can still work."可知,一条长食物链就像一根细棍,如果一部分断裂,整条链都会崩溃。但一个复杂的食物网就像一张结实的渔网,即使某些部分损坏,网仍然能发挥作用。故网状的食物链更加健康结实。

【分析】本题是围绕“食物链”展开的英语阅读理解题，包含任务一（4道选择题）和任务二（判断健康生态系统）。解题思路：任务一的1题需定位原文中作者解释食物链的方式，找到对应表述确定方法；2题结合农场食物链的逻辑，判断空缺处的生物；3题定位原文关于植物转化能量的句子，匹配选项；4题概括第三段核心内容，明确主旨。任务二需定位原文关于健康生态系统（复杂食物网）的描述，选择对应选项。
【解析】任务一：1. 细节理解题，原文提到“Here are some examples of food chains.”，说明作者通过举例解释食物链，故选C；2. 推理判断题，农场食物链中，虫子之后的生物应是虫子的天敌，结合常识，虫子吃鸡，故选A；3. 细节理解题，原文指出“plants can change sunlight into energy”，草属于植物，能转化阳光为能量，故选C；4. 主旨大意题，第三段讲述食物链断裂的危害，呼吁人类保护生态系统平衡，故选B。任务二：细节理解题，原文说明健康生态系统是复杂的食物网（像结实的渔网），对应网状图A，故选A。
【答案】任务一：1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B；任务二：A
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、推理判断
【点评】本题围绕食物链主题，考查英语阅读理解的核心题型，需要学生快速定位原文信息，结合逻辑推理完成题目，是中等难度的阅读理解题。
【难度系数】0.6