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三、完成句子
1. 由于天气的缘故,这项赛事将在室内进行。(view)
2. 吉姆竟然错过一场这么精彩的比赛,真是奇怪。(It is+adj.+that ...)
3. 尽管他眼前的景色很迷人,他却没有心情欣赏。(as 引导让步状语从句)
4. 据报纸报道,一些艺术珍品将在周末的展览上展出。(as 引导非限制性定语从句)
5. 在周末,没有什么比看一场电影更让我喜欢的了。(nothing+比较级+than)
There is
6. 你需要支付多少钱取决于你选择课程的数量。(主语从句)
1. 由于天气的缘故,这项赛事将在室内进行。(view)
In view of
the weather, the event will be held indoors.2. 吉姆竟然错过一场这么精彩的比赛,真是奇怪。(It is+adj.+that ...)
It was strange that
Jim should miss such a wonderful match.3. 尽管他眼前的景色很迷人,他却没有心情欣赏。(as 引导让步状语从句)
Attractive as the view before him was
, he had no mood to enjoy it.4. 据报纸报道,一些艺术珍品将在周末的展览上展出。(as 引导非限制性定语从句)
As is reported in the newspaper
, some artistic treasures will be on show at the exhibition on the weekend.5. 在周末,没有什么比看一场电影更让我喜欢的了。(nothing+比较级+than)
There is
nothing I like more than to watch a movie
on weekends.6. 你需要支付多少钱取决于你选择课程的数量。(主语从句)
How much you need to pay
depends on the number of courses you choose.答案
1. In view of 2. It was strange that
3. Attractive as the view before him was
4. As is reported in the newspaper
5. nothing I like more than to watch a movie
6. How much you need to pay
3. Attractive as the view before him was
4. As is reported in the newspaper
5. nothing I like more than to watch a movie
6. How much you need to pay
四、阅读理解
A
Titan(土卫六), Saturn's largest moon, is blanketed in smog, rich in surface organic molecules(分子). However, its surface is extremely cold, around −179℃, making chemical reactions for life progress very slowly.
Scientists believe a vast liquid ocean, holding 12 times the volume of Earth's oceans combined, exists deep underground where it's warmer. Similar oceans may exist on moons like Jupiter's moons Europa and Ganymede, where there could be liquid water, often suggesting possible life, but researcher Catherine Neish and her team challenge this idea.
Their research suggests that for Titan's ocean to support life, a significant amount of organic molecules from the surface must reach it to start the chemistry needed for life. The main way this could happen is through comet(彗星) impacts. Impacts melt surface ice, creating pools of water mixed with organics. Because liquid water is denser than ice, these pools could sink. However, Neish's models show comet strikes are too infrequent to deliver enough organic material.
Her team estimates only about 7,500 kilograms of simple amino acids(氨基酸) reach Titan's ocean every year. While this sounds substantial, it's equal to the mass of one male African elephant spread across an ocean with a dozen times the volume of Earth's oceans, truly a drop in the ocean. Even in this most optimistic scenario, there's not enough organics transported into Titan's ocean to sustain life there.
Other possibilities exist, like some hot vents on the seafloor where water meets rock, making all kinds of molecules erupt and set off complex chemical reactions that could support life. Could similar internal sources provide organics on Titan? Neish doesn't rule this out, but points out a concern: organics from Titan's interior might be mostly molecules with exceptional stability, which are difficult to transform into essential biological units like amino acids.
While directly exploring these oceans to find life is still far off, Neish's research highlights the value of NASA's planned Dragonfly mission to Titan. If Neish is correct, Dragonfly could find sites where comet impacts mixed water and organics, allowing scientists to study prebiological chemistry similar to what led to life on Earth.
(
A. The thick smog.
B. The comet impacts.
C. The extreme climate.
D. The absence of organics.
(
A. By listing different sources.
B. By providing exact statistics.
C. By quoting experts' opinions.
D. By making a vivid comparison.
(
A. They contain enough liquid water.
B. They have special chemical nature.
C. They contribute to life's development.
D. They are identical to those on Earth.
(
A. A Suitable Ground for Life
B. The Secret Leading to Life
C. Prospects for Life on Titan
D. A Mission to Explore Titan
A
Titan(土卫六), Saturn's largest moon, is blanketed in smog, rich in surface organic molecules(分子). However, its surface is extremely cold, around −179℃, making chemical reactions for life progress very slowly.
Scientists believe a vast liquid ocean, holding 12 times the volume of Earth's oceans combined, exists deep underground where it's warmer. Similar oceans may exist on moons like Jupiter's moons Europa and Ganymede, where there could be liquid water, often suggesting possible life, but researcher Catherine Neish and her team challenge this idea.
Their research suggests that for Titan's ocean to support life, a significant amount of organic molecules from the surface must reach it to start the chemistry needed for life. The main way this could happen is through comet(彗星) impacts. Impacts melt surface ice, creating pools of water mixed with organics. Because liquid water is denser than ice, these pools could sink. However, Neish's models show comet strikes are too infrequent to deliver enough organic material.
Her team estimates only about 7,500 kilograms of simple amino acids(氨基酸) reach Titan's ocean every year. While this sounds substantial, it's equal to the mass of one male African elephant spread across an ocean with a dozen times the volume of Earth's oceans, truly a drop in the ocean. Even in this most optimistic scenario, there's not enough organics transported into Titan's ocean to sustain life there.
Other possibilities exist, like some hot vents on the seafloor where water meets rock, making all kinds of molecules erupt and set off complex chemical reactions that could support life. Could similar internal sources provide organics on Titan? Neish doesn't rule this out, but points out a concern: organics from Titan's interior might be mostly molecules with exceptional stability, which are difficult to transform into essential biological units like amino acids.
While directly exploring these oceans to find life is still far off, Neish's research highlights the value of NASA's planned Dragonfly mission to Titan. If Neish is correct, Dragonfly could find sites where comet impacts mixed water and organics, allowing scientists to study prebiological chemistry similar to what led to life on Earth.
(
C
)1. What can make chemical reactions slow on Titan?A. The thick smog.
B. The comet impacts.
C. The extreme climate.
D. The absence of organics.
(
D
)2. How does the author emphasize the insufficiency of organics?A. By listing different sources.
B. By providing exact statistics.
C. By quoting experts' opinions.
D. By making a vivid comparison.
(
B
)3. What can be inferred about internal organic sources from Titan?A. They contain enough liquid water.
B. They have special chemical nature.
C. They contribute to life's development.
D. They are identical to those on Earth.
(
C
)4. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. A Suitable Ground for Life
B. The Secret Leading to Life
C. Prospects for Life on Titan
D. A Mission to Explore Titan
答案
1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了土卫六上存在生命的可能性。
1. C 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, its surface is extremely cold, around -179°C, making chemical reactions for life progress very slowly.(然而,它的表面温度极低,约为-179°C,使得生命所需的化学反应进展非常缓慢。)”可知,土卫六上化学反应缓慢是因为其极端的气候。故选 C。
2. D 解析:推理判断题。根据第四段中“Her team estimates only about 7,500 kilograms ... truly a drop in the ocean.(她的团队估计,每年仅有约7 500公斤简单的氨基酸能抵达土卫六的海洋。虽然这个数量听起来相当可观,但将其分散到一个体积是地球海洋十二倍的海洋中时,其质量仅相当于一头成年非洲象的质量,这在浩瀚的海洋中不过是沧海一粟。)”可知,作者通过生动的比较来强调有机物的不足。故选 D。
3. B 解析:推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Neish doesn't rule this out, but ... like amino acids.(Neish并不排除这种可能性,但她指出一个担忧:土卫六内部的有机物可能主要是具有特殊稳定性的分子,这些分子很难转化为氨基酸等基本生物单位。)”可知,土卫六内部的有机物可能主要是具有特殊稳定性的分子,即它们具有特殊的化学性质。故选 B。
4. C 解析:标题归纳题。文章主要讨论了土卫六上存在生命的可能性,科学家们对此进行了研究和探讨,虽然直接探索这些海洋以寻找生命仍然遥不可及,但 Neish 的研究强调了美国宇航局计划中的“蜻蜓号”任务对土卫六的价值。由此可知,C选项“土卫六上生命的可能性”最能概括文章主旨,适合作文章标题。故选 C。
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了土卫六上存在生命的可能性。
1. C 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, its surface is extremely cold, around -179°C, making chemical reactions for life progress very slowly.(然而,它的表面温度极低,约为-179°C,使得生命所需的化学反应进展非常缓慢。)”可知,土卫六上化学反应缓慢是因为其极端的气候。故选 C。
2. D 解析:推理判断题。根据第四段中“Her team estimates only about 7,500 kilograms ... truly a drop in the ocean.(她的团队估计,每年仅有约7 500公斤简单的氨基酸能抵达土卫六的海洋。虽然这个数量听起来相当可观,但将其分散到一个体积是地球海洋十二倍的海洋中时,其质量仅相当于一头成年非洲象的质量,这在浩瀚的海洋中不过是沧海一粟。)”可知,作者通过生动的比较来强调有机物的不足。故选 D。
3. B 解析:推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Neish doesn't rule this out, but ... like amino acids.(Neish并不排除这种可能性,但她指出一个担忧:土卫六内部的有机物可能主要是具有特殊稳定性的分子,这些分子很难转化为氨基酸等基本生物单位。)”可知,土卫六内部的有机物可能主要是具有特殊稳定性的分子,即它们具有特殊的化学性质。故选 B。
4. C 解析:标题归纳题。文章主要讨论了土卫六上存在生命的可能性,科学家们对此进行了研究和探讨,虽然直接探索这些海洋以寻找生命仍然遥不可及,但 Neish 的研究强调了美国宇航局计划中的“蜻蜓号”任务对土卫六的价值。由此可知,C选项“土卫六上生命的可能性”最能概括文章主旨,适合作文章标题。故选 C。
