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一、阅读下列短文,从每小题的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Have you ever looked at the cut end of a tree trunk (树干) and noticed the circles inside? Those are tree rings, and they hold a lot of secrets.
Each tree ring represents one year of the tree's life. In a good year, when there is plenty of water and sunlight, the tree grows well, and the ring is wider. In a bad year, with less water or other problems, the ring is narrower.
Scientists can study tree rings to learn about the past climate. By looking at the width of the rings, they can tell if there were droughts (干旱) or floods in a certain area in history. Tree rings can also tell us about the age of a tree. Just count the number of rings, and you'll know how old the tree is.
Some trees can live for a very long time, and their rings record many years of history. Studying tree rings is like reading a book about the past of the Earth and the trees themselves. It helps us understand nature better.
1. What do tree rings represent?
A. The colour of the tree.
B. The height of the tree.
C. The years of the tree's life.
D. The number of leaves on the tree.
2. When is a tree ring wider?
A. In a very cold year.
B. In a year with less water.
C. In a year with many problems.
D. In a year with plenty of water and sunlight.
3. How can we know the age of a tree?
A. By looking at the color of the tree.
B. By counting the number of tree rings.
C. By measuring the height of the tree.
D. By checking the number of branches.
4. What can scientists learn from studying tree rings according to the passage?
A. The future weather.
B. The taste of the tree.
C. The past climate.
D. The weight of the tree.
A
Have you ever looked at the cut end of a tree trunk (树干) and noticed the circles inside? Those are tree rings, and they hold a lot of secrets.
Each tree ring represents one year of the tree's life. In a good year, when there is plenty of water and sunlight, the tree grows well, and the ring is wider. In a bad year, with less water or other problems, the ring is narrower.
Scientists can study tree rings to learn about the past climate. By looking at the width of the rings, they can tell if there were droughts (干旱) or floods in a certain area in history. Tree rings can also tell us about the age of a tree. Just count the number of rings, and you'll know how old the tree is.
Some trees can live for a very long time, and their rings record many years of history. Studying tree rings is like reading a book about the past of the Earth and the trees themselves. It helps us understand nature better.
1. What do tree rings represent?
A. The colour of the tree.
B. The height of the tree.
C. The years of the tree's life.
D. The number of leaves on the tree.
2. When is a tree ring wider?
A. In a very cold year.
B. In a year with less water.
C. In a year with many problems.
D. In a year with plenty of water and sunlight.
3. How can we know the age of a tree?
A. By looking at the color of the tree.
B. By counting the number of tree rings.
C. By measuring the height of the tree.
D. By checking the number of branches.
4. What can scientists learn from studying tree rings according to the passage?
A. The future weather.
B. The taste of the tree.
C. The past climate.
D. The weight of the tree.
答案
1. C 2. D 3. B 4. C
解析
【分析】这是一篇科普类阅读理解题，解题思路为：先通读短文把握核心内容，再针对每道小题的问题定位原文对应语句，对比选项排除错误答案，选出与原文表述一致的最佳选项。
【解析】1. 定位原文第二段第一句“Each tree ring represents one year of the tree's life”，可知树轮代表树的寿命年份，A（树的颜色）、B（树的高度）、D（树叶数量）均未提及，故选C。
2. 定位原文第二段第二句“In a good year, when there is plenty of water and sunlight, the tree grows well, and the ring is wider”，可知水和阳光充足的年份树轮更宽，A（极寒年份）、B（缺水年份）、C（有诸多问题的年份）均不符合，故选D。
3. 定位原文第三段最后一句“Just count the number of rings, and you'll know how old the tree is”，可知数树轮数量能得知树龄，A（树的颜色）、C（树的高度）、D（树枝数量）均未提及，故选B。
4. 定位原文第三段第一句“Scientists can study tree rings to learn about the past climate”，可知科学家能从树轮研究中了解过去的气候，A（未来天气）、B（树的味道）、D（树的重量）均未提及，故选C。
【答案】1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题
【点评】本文为介绍树轮作用的科普短文，题目均为细节理解题，难度较低，只要能准确定位原文对应信息即可解答，适合巩固英语阅读细节查找的基础能力。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】1. 定位原文第二段第一句“Each tree ring represents one year of the tree's life”，可知树轮代表树的寿命年份，A（树的颜色）、B（树的高度）、D（树叶数量）均未提及，故选C。
2. 定位原文第二段第二句“In a good year, when there is plenty of water and sunlight, the tree grows well, and the ring is wider”，可知水和阳光充足的年份树轮更宽，A（极寒年份）、B（缺水年份）、C（有诸多问题的年份）均不符合，故选D。
3. 定位原文第三段最后一句“Just count the number of rings, and you'll know how old the tree is”，可知数树轮数量能得知树龄，A（树的颜色）、C（树的高度）、D（树枝数量）均未提及，故选B。
4. 定位原文第三段第一句“Scientists can study tree rings to learn about the past climate”，可知科学家能从树轮研究中了解过去的气候，A（未来天气）、B（树的味道）、D（树的重量）均未提及，故选C。
【答案】1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题
【点评】本文为介绍树轮作用的科普短文，题目均为细节理解题，难度较低，只要能准确定位原文对应信息即可解答，适合巩固英语阅读细节查找的基础能力。
【难度系数】0.8
