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Ⅴ. 阅读理解。
Yogurt is a kind of healthy food that people can make at home. One way to make it is to buy some dry yogurt from a store. Add two small spoons of the yogurt to two cups of milk. This will be the starter(准备材料) for your own yogurt. A cup in the United States is two hundred and forty millilitres(毫升).
When making yogurt, it is very important to have clean equipment, clean hands and a right temperature. Pour eight cups of milk into a large cooking pot. Heat the milk to $85°\mathrm{C}$. Then cool the milk quickly to $43°\mathrm{C}$. To do this, you can put the cooking pot in cool water. Keep the yogurt at $43°\mathrm{C}$ and add one-half cup of the starter. If you want a thicker yogurt, you can also add one-third of a cup of dry milk. Cover the pot and keep it at a temperature of $40°\mathrm{C}$ to $45°\mathrm{C}$ for four to six hours. After that, your homemade yogurt is ready. You can also add fruit, nuts, honey or spices.
Yogurt can be made with milk from cows or other animals including goats and sheep. More information on making it can be found at websites such as practicalaction. org.
(
①Milk. ②Dry yogurt.
③Fruit and nuts. ④Honey and spices.
A. ①③ B. ①② C. ②③ D. ②④
(
A. Cooking things for a special purpose. B. Plates.
C. Bowls. D. A cook.
(
A. By putting some milk in hot water.
B. By putting some dry yogurt in cool water.
C. By putting the cooking pot in cool water.
D. By putting some nuts in hot water.
(
A. $45°\mathrm{C}$. B. $48°\mathrm{C}$. C. $36°\mathrm{C}$. D. $34°\mathrm{C}$.
(
A. How to Make Yogurt on the Farm
B. How to Make Yogurt at Home
C. How to Teach Others to Make Yogurt
D. How to Teach Families to Make Yogurt on TV
Yogurt is a kind of healthy food that people can make at home. One way to make it is to buy some dry yogurt from a store. Add two small spoons of the yogurt to two cups of milk. This will be the starter(准备材料) for your own yogurt. A cup in the United States is two hundred and forty millilitres(毫升).
When making yogurt, it is very important to have clean equipment, clean hands and a right temperature. Pour eight cups of milk into a large cooking pot. Heat the milk to $85°\mathrm{C}$. Then cool the milk quickly to $43°\mathrm{C}$. To do this, you can put the cooking pot in cool water. Keep the yogurt at $43°\mathrm{C}$ and add one-half cup of the starter. If you want a thicker yogurt, you can also add one-third of a cup of dry milk. Cover the pot and keep it at a temperature of $40°\mathrm{C}$ to $45°\mathrm{C}$ for four to six hours. After that, your homemade yogurt is ready. You can also add fruit, nuts, honey or spices.
Yogurt can be made with milk from cows or other animals including goats and sheep. More information on making it can be found at websites such as practicalaction. org.
(
B
)1. What should people have if they want to make yogurt at home themselves?①Milk. ②Dry yogurt.
③Fruit and nuts. ④Honey and spices.
A. ①③ B. ①② C. ②③ D. ②④
(
A
)2. What does the underlined word "equipment" in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Cooking things for a special purpose. B. Plates.
C. Bowls. D. A cook.
(
C
)3. How can people make the milk cool quickly according to the passage?A. By putting some milk in hot water.
B. By putting some dry yogurt in cool water.
C. By putting the cooking pot in cool water.
D. By putting some nuts in hot water.
(
A
)4. What temperature should you keep when making a thicker yogurt?A. $45°\mathrm{C}$. B. $48°\mathrm{C}$. C. $36°\mathrm{C}$. D. $34°\mathrm{C}$.
(
B
)5. What's the best title of this passage?A. How to Make Yogurt on the Farm
B. How to Make Yogurt at Home
C. How to Teach Others to Make Yogurt
D. How to Teach Families to Make Yogurt on TV
答案
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.B
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需根据文章内容逐一分析各小题：
1. 第1题是细节理解题，需定位自制酸奶所需的基础材料；
2. 第2题是词义猜测题，需结合上下文语境推断划线词含义；
3. 第3题是细节理解题，需查找快速冷却牛奶的方法；
4. 第4题是细节理解题，需确定制作酸奶的合适温度范围；
5. 第5题是主旨大意题，需归纳文章核心内容。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段“One way to make it is to buy some dry yogurt from a store. Add two small spoons of the yogurt to two cups of milk.”可知，自制酸奶需要干酸奶和牛奶，对应①②，故选B；
2. 第2题：划线词所在句意为“制作酸奶时，干净的equipment、干净的手和合适的温度很重要”，结合语境，equipment指制作酸奶的专用烹饪用具，A选项符合，B、C仅为部分用具，D不符合，故选A；
3. 第3题：根据第二段“Then cool the milk quickly to 43℃. To do this, you can put the cooking pot in cool water.”可知，快速冷却牛奶的方法是将锅放在凉水中，故选C；
4. 第4题：根据第二段“Keep the pot and keep it at a temperature of 40℃ to 45℃ for four to six hours.”，选项中仅45℃在该范围内，故选A；
5. 第5题：全文围绕“在家自制酸奶的步骤”展开，核心主旨是How to Make Yogurt at Home，故选B。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.B
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题）
【点评】
本文是介绍自制酸奶方法的说明文，考查初中英语阅读理解的核心题型，需学生精准定位细节、结合语境猜词、归纳主旨，题目设置贴合常见考点，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语阅读理解题，需根据文章内容逐一分析各小题：
1. 第1题是细节理解题，需定位自制酸奶所需的基础材料；
2. 第2题是词义猜测题，需结合上下文语境推断划线词含义；
3. 第3题是细节理解题，需查找快速冷却牛奶的方法；
4. 第4题是细节理解题，需确定制作酸奶的合适温度范围；
5. 第5题是主旨大意题，需归纳文章核心内容。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段“One way to make it is to buy some dry yogurt from a store. Add two small spoons of the yogurt to two cups of milk.”可知，自制酸奶需要干酸奶和牛奶，对应①②，故选B；
2. 第2题：划线词所在句意为“制作酸奶时，干净的equipment、干净的手和合适的温度很重要”，结合语境，equipment指制作酸奶的专用烹饪用具，A选项符合，B、C仅为部分用具，D不符合，故选A；
3. 第3题：根据第二段“Then cool the milk quickly to 43℃. To do this, you can put the cooking pot in cool water.”可知，快速冷却牛奶的方法是将锅放在凉水中，故选C；
4. 第4题：根据第二段“Keep the pot and keep it at a temperature of 40℃ to 45℃ for four to six hours.”，选项中仅45℃在该范围内，故选A；
5. 第5题：全文围绕“在家自制酸奶的步骤”展开，核心主旨是How to Make Yogurt at Home，故选B。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.B
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题）
【点评】
本文是介绍自制酸奶方法的说明文，考查初中英语阅读理解的核心题型，需学生精准定位细节、结合语境猜词、归纳主旨，题目设置贴合常见考点，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
