一、根据句意用括号内所给汉语或单词的适当形式填空
1. The museum's (collect) include many valuable artworks from different historical periods.
2. We need to buy some vegetable (种子) before planting them in our back-yard.
3. Sally simply makes friends by showing her natural (kind) and good sense of humor.
4. The dark clouds (消失) quickly after the storm, and the sun came out again.
5. Confucius is one of the greatest (think) in ancient China, whose ideas still influence us today.
6. The number of volunteers (grow) larger and larger since last year.

1. collections 2. seeds 3. kindness
4. disappeared 5. thinkers 6. has grown

【分析】
本题为英语单词适当形式填空题，需结合句子结构、词性要求、时态及固定搭配等解题：1. 空格处作主语，需用名词，且谓语为原形，故用collect的名词复数；2. some后接可数名词复数，“种子”对应seed的复数；3. 形容词natural后需接名词，故用kind的名词；4. 由后文came的过去式确定时态为一般过去时，“消失”用过去式；5. one of后接可数名词复数，“思想家”对应thinker的复数；6. since+过去时间点是现在完成时标志，主语the number of...为单数，故用现在完成时的单数形式。
【解析】
1. 空格位于名词所有格museum's后，作句子主语，谓语动词include为原形，说明主语为复数名词，collect的名词形式是collection，复数为collections，故填collections。
2. “种子”的英文是seed，some修饰可数名词复数，因此填seeds。
3. natural是形容词，需修饰名词，kind的名词形式是kindness，故填kindness。
4. 后文动词came为过去式，表明句子时态为一般过去时，“消失”的过去式是disappeared，故填disappeared。
5. “one of + 可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，think表示“思考”，对应的表示人的名词“思想家”是thinker，复数为thinkers，故填thinkers。
6. “since + 过去时间点（last year）”是现在完成时的标志，主语the number of...（……的数量）为单数，现在完成时结构为has+过去分词，grow的过去分词是grown，故填has grown。
【答案】
1. collections 2. seeds 3. kindness 4. disappeared 5. thinkers 6. has grown
【知识点】
词性转换、动词时态、名词复数
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇的词性转换、名词复数及动词时态的运用，属于初中英语常见基础题型，侧重核心语法和词汇的掌握，难度适中，适合巩固基础知识点。
【难度系数】
0.7

二、选词填空
用方框中所给单词或词组的适当形式填空（每词限用一次，有一个词多余）。
forever, biology, explore, science, socialism, above all
1. He is kind to everyone and , he always lends a hand whenever others are in trouble.
2. As we all know, China's deep-sea has already entered a new period.
3. A lot of studies have proved that dinosaurs are the ancestors of modern birds.
4. We should protect the wild animals as soon as possible, or many of them may disappear .
5. Darwin, who studied plants and animals around the world, was a great .

1. above all 2. exploration 3. scientific/biological 4. forever 5. biologist/scientist

【分析】
本题为选词填空题，解题思路如下：首先通读每个句子理解句意，接着分析每个空格所需的词性和词义，再从方框给定的6个词（forever, biology, explore, science, socialism, above all）中选择合适的词，注意词形变化（如动词变名词、名词变形容词、名词变指人名词），同时遵循每词限用一次的规则，排除多余词汇（本题多余的是socialism）。
【解析】
1. 空格处需插入语表递进关系，结合语境“他对每个人友好，尤其总在他人困难时帮忙”，方框中above all（首先，尤其是）符合，填原词above all。
2. 空格前有形容词deep-sea，需名词，方框中explore为动词，其名词形式exploration（探索）符合“深海探索”的语境，填exploration。
3. 空格修饰名词studies，需形容词，方框中science的形容词是scientific（科学的），biology的形容词是biological（生物学的），均符合“科学/生物学研究”的语境，填scientific/biological。
4. 空格修饰动词disappear，需副词，方框中forever（永远）符合“否则很多动物会永远消失”的语境，填forever。
5. 空格前有不定冠词a和形容词great，需指人的名词，方框中biology的指人名词是biologist（生物学家），science的指人名词是scientist（科学家），均符合达尔文的身份，填biologist/scientist。
【答案】
1. above all 2. exploration 3. scientific/biological 4. forever 5. biologist/scientist
【知识点】
词汇运用、词形转换、词义辨析
【点评】
本题考查英语词汇的词义、词性及词形变化，要求学生结合语境准确选词，遵循每词限用规则，是初中英语常见题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5

三、完成句子
1. 不管这个项目难还是容易，我们都必须尽力完成它。（whether...or...）


2. 早间广播说她女儿从巴黎起飞的航班因大雾延误了。
The morning says her from Paris was delayed due to heavy fog.
3. 我爷爷擅长木工手艺，并且给我们留下了许多漂亮的木质玩具。
My grandpa was good at and many beautiful wooden toys for us.
4. 这些古老的习俗在一些偏远的村庄仍然存在。
These old customs still in some remote villages.

1. Whether the project is difficult or easy, we must try our best to finish it.
2. broadcast; daughter's flight
3. carpentry/woodwork; left behind
4. live on

【分析】
1. 第一题要求用whether...or...结构引导让步状语从句，需将“项目难还是容易”译为whether the project is difficult or easy，主句“我们必须尽力完成它”用we must try our best to finish it，注意语序和时态匹配；
2. 第二题：“早间广播”对应名词broadcast，“她女儿的航班”需用名词所有格修饰flight，即daughter's flight，结合语境填写；
3. 第三题：“木工手艺”的英文为carpentry或woodwork，“留下”的固定短语是leave behind，结合前面的过去式was，leave用过去式left；
4. 第四题：“仍然存在”的固定短语是live on，主语为复数，谓语用原形。
【解析】
1. 根据whether...or...的用法，连接“difficult or easy”作表语，主句用情态动词must加动词原形，故填Whether the project is difficult or easy, we must try our best to finish it；
2. “早间广播”是morning broadcast，“她女儿的航班”是daughter's flight，故依次填broadcast、daughter's flight；
3. “木工手艺”为carpentry/woodwork，“留下”的过去式短语是left behind，故依次填carpentry/woodwork、left behind；
4. “存在”的固定短语live on，主语为复数，故填live on。
【答案】
1. Whether the project is difficult or easy, we must try our best to finish it.
2. broadcast; daughter's flight
3. carpentry/woodwork; left behind
4. live on
【知识点】
让步状语从句；名词所有格；固定短语
【点评】
本题为英语基础完成句子题，考查常用句式、词汇及固定搭配，侧重基础知识点的运用，是英语学习中的常见题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.3

四、选词填空
根据短文内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、正确。
tradition, finish, story, teacher, tell,
truly, as, write, and, great
Teahouse is one of Lao She's most famous plays. He 1 it in 1956. The play has three acts(幕). It 2 shows the lives of Chinese people from the end of the nineteenth century to the middle of the twentieth century. It 3 the story of Wang Lifa and the customers of his teahouse in Beijing.
Lao She was born in Beijing in 1899. He went to a teachers' school in 1913. After 4 school in 1918, he became a head 5 of a primary school. In 1924, Lao She left home and went to Britain. He taught Chinese at a college in London and returned to China five years later. He wrote many plays, novels and short 6 about people's lives. He is known 7 "the People's Artist". Lao She is one of the 8 Chinese writers of his century.
At Lao She Teahouse today, if you like Beijing Opera, 9 music or magic shows, you can enjoy them at the teahouse. People can also drink tea 10 eat delicious Beijing food. Lao She Teahouse always gives a warm welcome to everyone from all over the world.
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1. wrote 2. truly 3. tells 4. finishing 5. teacher 6. stories 7. as 8. greatest 9. traditional 10. and

【分析】
本题为选词填空，需结合短文语境、句子语法结构及所给词汇的词义与词性变化解题。步骤为：1. 通读全文，明确短文围绕老舍及《茶馆》展开；2. 逐个分析每个空的句子成分，判断所需词性、时态、固定搭配等；3. 从方框词汇中选合适词，再按语法变形；4. 最终验证语句通顺性。
【解析】
1. 句意为“他在1956年写了《茶馆》”，时态为一般过去时，write的过去式为wrote，故填wrote。
2. 此处需副词修饰动词shows，truly（真正地）为副词，符合语境，故填truly。
3. 主语it为第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词用第三人称单数形式，tell the story为固定搭配，故填tells。
4. after为介词，后接动名词，finish的动名词为finishing，finish school意为“毕业”，故填finishing。
5. head teacher为固定搭配，意为“校长”，故填teacher。
6. short stories为固定表达，意为“短篇故事”，需用复数形式，故填stories。
7. be known as为固定搭配，意为“被称为；作为…而出名”，故填as。
8. one of后接“the+形容词最高级+名词复数”，great的最高级为greatest，故填greatest。
9. 此处需形容词修饰名词music，traditional（传统的）为形容词，符合语境，故填traditional。
10. 连接并列动作drink tea和eat delicious Beijing food，用并列连词and，故填and。
【答案】
1. wrote 2. truly 3. tells 4. finishing 5. teacher 6. stories 7. as 8. greatest 9. traditional 10. and
【知识点】
选词填空、固定搭配、词形变化
【点评】
本题考查词汇运用的综合能力，需结合语境分析词性、时态及固定搭配，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.6