2026年期末直通车七年级英语下册外研版第8页答案
词形变化
37. v.努力争取,为(……)斗争
fight
fought
(过去式)
38. v.失去,输掉
lose
lost
(过去式)
39. v.下沉,沉没
sink
sank
(过去式)
40. v.选择
choose
→n.选择;选择权
choice

41. v.冲浪
surf
→n.冲浪者
surfer
→n.冲浪(运动)
surfing

42. n.胜利,成功,赢
victory
victories
(复数)
43. n.成功,胜利,成就
success
→v.达到目的;成功
succeed

答案

37. fight fought 38. lose lost 39. sink sank 40. choose choice 41. surf surfer surfing 42. victory victories
43. success succeed

解析

【分析】
这类题考查英语核心词汇的词形变化,解题时需先明确每个小题要求的变化类型(如动词原形→过去式、动词→名词、名词→复数等),再结合词汇的词义,回忆对应的词汇原形及变化规则,重点关注不规则变化的词汇,确保变形准确。
【解析】
37. 词义为“努力争取,为(……)斗争”的动词原形是fight,其过去式为不规则变化fought;
38. 词义为“失去,输掉”的动词原形是lose,其过去式为不规则变化lost;
39. 词义为“下沉,沉没”的动词原形是sink,其过去式为不规则变化sank;
40. 词义为“选择”的动词原形是choose,对应的名词“选择;选择权”为choice;
41. 词义为“冲浪”的动词原形是surf,加后缀-er构成表人的名词“冲浪者”surfer,加后缀-ing构成表运动的名词“冲浪(运动)”surfing;
42. 词义为“胜利,成功,赢”的名词原形是victory,以辅音字母+y结尾,变复数时需改y为i加es,即victories;
43. 词义为“成功,胜利,成就”的名词原形是success,对应的动词“达到目的;成功”为succeed。
【答案】
37. fight fought 38. lose lost 39. sink sank 40. choose choice 41. surf surfer surfing 42. victory victories 43. success succeed
【知识点】
动词过去式、词形转换、名词复数
【点评】
本题为英语基础词汇的词形变化题,考查常用动词、名词的不同形式,属于英语学习的基础内容,需要学生准确掌握核心词汇的变形规则,尤其是不规则变化的词汇,难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.3
短语过关
1. ……的起源
the origin of

2. 与某人分享某物
share sth with sb

3. 最后但同样重要的(一点)
last but not least

4. 屏住呼吸;屏息静气
hold one's breath

5. 胃痛;肚子痛
have a stomachache

6. 在路上;中途
on the way

7. 落后
fall behind

8. 终点线
finishing line

9. 经过
go past

10. ……中的一个
one of

11. 用……把……装满
fill...with...

12. 为……感到骄傲/自豪
be proud of

13. 参加
take part in

14. 放弃
give up

15. 自生自灭,成败全靠自己
sink or swim

16. 与……相比
compare with

17. 努力工作/学习
work hard

18. 熬过;通过
get through

19. 赢得一枚金牌
win a gold medal

20. 在……岁时
at the age of

21. 对……有好处
be good for

22. 令某人惊讶的是
to one's surprise

23. 更糟糕的是
even worse

24. 注意
pay attention (to)

25. 丧失信心
lose heart

26. 回顾
look back at

27. 获得成功
make it

28. 抓住每一个机会去做某事
take every chance to do sth

29. 被称为;被认为是;以……知名
(be) known as

30. 由于,多亏
thanks to

31. 在……和……之间
between...and...

32. 应对每一个挑战
rise to every challenge

答案

1. the origin of 2. share sth with sb 3. last but not least
4. hold one's breath 5. have a stomachache 6. on the way
7. fall behind 8. finishing line 9. go past 10. one of
11. fill…with… 12. be proud of 13. take part in 14. give up
15. sink or swim 16. compare with 17. work hard
18. get through 19. win a gold medal 20. at the age of
21. be good for 22. to one's surprise 23. even worse
24. pay attention (to) 25. lose heart 26. look back at
27. make it 28. take every chance to do sth 29. (be) known as
30. thanks to 31. between…and… 32. rise to every challenge

解析

【分析】本题为英语短语匹配题,解题时需根据每个中文短语的含义,回忆对应的英语固定搭配,注意短语的固定结构(如介词搭配、动词短语的固定形式),确保填写的短语与标准答案一致,无需自行调整。
【解析】本题需根据中文意思写出对应的英语固定短语,具体答案如下:
1. the origin of 2. share sth with sb 3. last but not least
4. hold one's breath 5. have a stomachache 6. on the way
7. fall behind 8. finishing line 9. go past 10. one of
11. fill…with… 12. be proud of 13. take part in 14. give up
15. sink or swim 16. compare with 17. work hard
18. get through 19. win a gold medal 20. at the age of
21. be good for 22. to one's surprise 23. even worse
24. pay attention (to) 25. lose heart 26. look back at
27. make it 28. take every chance to do sth 29. (be) known as
30. thanks to 31. between…and… 32. rise to every challenge
【答案】1. the origin of 2. share sth with sb 3. last but not least
4. hold one's breath 5. have a stomachache 6. on the way
7. fall behind 8. finishing line 9. go past 10. one of
11. fill…with… 12. be proud of 13. take part in 14. give up
15. sink or swim 16. compare with 17. work hard
18. get through 19. win a gold medal 20. at the age of
21. be good for 22. to one's surprise 23. even worse
24. pay attention (to) 25. lose heart 26. look back at
27. make it 28. take every chance to do sth 29. (be) known as
30. thanks to 31. between…and… 32. rise to every challenge
【知识点】英语固定短语搭配、常用动词短语、介词短语
【点评】本题为英语基础短语记忆题,考查学生对常用英语固定搭配的积累,是英语学习的核心基础内容,适合巩固英语基础知识。
【难度系数】0.7